英语论文 基于文化差异的英语和汉语身体语言的区别.docx

英语论文 基于文化差异的英语和汉语身体语言的区别.docx

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英语论文基于文化差异的英语和汉语身体语言的区别

OntheCultureDifferencesofBodyLanguages

BetweenEnglishandChinese

Abstract:

Withtherapiddevelopmentofthesocietyandglobalizationoftheeconomy,peoplehavemoreopportunitiestocommunicatewiththeotherpeoplecomingfromdifferentcultures,atthesametime，thereappearmoreandmoreobstaclescausedbythedifferencesoflanguageandculture.Ininterculturalcommunication,oneofthemostusefulwaystodealwiththeobstaclesistomasterthemeaningofbodylanguage.Bodylanguage,likeverballanguage,isalsoapartofculture.Differentculturesharesdifferentbodylanguagesexceptsomeworld-knownones.Ininterculturalcommunication,thesamebodylanguagemaymeandifferentthings.Usingbodylanguageswronglynotonlymakesyoufailininterpersonalcommunication,butalsocausesconflictsininterculturalcommunication.Sowhatarethedifferencesofthesamebodylanguageindifferentcountry?

Howtoapplybodylanguagescorrectly?

Thispaper,afterborrowingandstudyingtheexperienceoftheforefathers,devotestoacomparisonandcontrastofbodylanguagesbetweenEnglishandChineseintermsofeyelanguage,facialexpressions,gestures,postures,touch,andphysicaldistance.ItaimstoillustratetheculturedifferencesofbodylanguagesbetweenChineseandEnglishinordertomakepeoplefromChinaandEnglish-spokencountriesunderstandeachotherbetterandcommunicatemoreeffectively.

KeyWords：

bodylanguage;interculturalcommunication;culturaldifferences

摘要：

随着社会的飞速发展，经济的全球化，人们的跨文化交往越来越频繁，而且由于语言和文化的差异出现了越来越多的障碍。

在跨文化交际中，消除这些障碍最有效的方法之一，就是了解身势语的含义。

身势语与言语一样，都是文化的一部分。

除一些世界公认的身势语外，不同的文化还有各自的身势语。

跨文化交际时，相同的身势语可能具有完全不同的意义。

错误地使用身势语不仅会使我们在跨文化交际中失败，而且会造成和外国朋友之间的冲突，所以怎样正确地使用身势语，怎样理解身势语的差异都非常重要，该篇论文在借鉴前人成果的基础上,从目光语，面部表情，手势语，身体姿态，体触语和身体距离方面对中英的身势语进行对比。

目的在于通过列举中英身势语的文化差异，从而促进有效交流，避免误解。

关键词：

身势语；跨文化交际；文化异同

Introduction

Peoplecancommunicatewitheachotherthroughnotonlyverbalcommunicationbutalsononverbalcommunication.Moreover,thelatterplaysanessentialrole.Somepsychologistsestimatethatsixtytoeightypercentofallcommunicationispassedthroughnonverbalcommunication.Thatistosay,nonverbalcommunicationplaysanimportantroleininterculturalcommunication.Birdwhistll,anexpertofbodylanguageresearchinthewesternworld,consideredthatmorethan65percentoftheexpressionofemotionsisfinishedbypostures,gestures,facialexpressions,eyemanagementandotherkindsofbodylanguages.Healsopointedoutthatmancouldmakeoutabout250,000kindsofexpressionsonhisface.SomestudiesinAmericaindicatethatinexpressingemotionandattitude,intonationandfacialexpressioncanexpressmorethanninety-threepercentofinformationwhilelanguagecanonlydeliversevenpercentofinformation.Comparewiththecommunicativefunctionofverballanguage,non-verbalcommunicationcantransmitmuchmoreinformationandemotion.（Panke,2003） Bodylanguage,asameansofnon-verbalcommunication,varieswithcultureandsociety.Becauseofdifferentculture,thesamebodylanguagehasdifferentmeaningsandcommunicativefunctions,whichcausesalotoftroubleininterculturalcommunication.Therefore,ininterculturalcommunication,itisveryimportantforustounderstandthebodylanguage.

1.SomeInformationaboutBodyLanguage

Nonverbalcommunicationisaprocessinwhichcommunicatorsusethenaturalfeaturesoftheirbodiestodeliverinformationandexpressspecificmeaninginstinctivelytotheothercommunicator.Thestudyofnonverbalcommunicationcoversthreemajorparts:

proxemics,kinesicsorbodylanguage,andparalanguage.Kinesicsisalsocalledbodylanguage,whichstudiesthemeaningsofthemovementofallpartsofbodyanditincludesmanynonverbalbehaviorsuchaseyelanguage,gestures,postures,facialexpressions,touchandsoon.Whenwespeak,weusemuchmorethanjustwords.Wealsocommunicatewithourface,ourhands,andevenourownbodies.Thiskindofcommunicationcanbecalled‘bodylanguage’or‘non–verbalcommunication’.Samovaroncesaysthat“Kinesicsisthesystematicstudyofbodylanguagemovementsandaction,”andthroughthestudy,kinesicsmakestheseactionandbehaviorsformalizedandencoded.InWebster’sNewDictionary,kinesicsisdefinedas“tosystematicallystudynonverbalbodyaction（suchasblush,eyemovements,etc）andcommunication.”HuWenzhongsaysthatspaceandorientation,andseatingarrangementarealsopartsofbodylanguage.CollinsEnglishLanguageDictionarygivesthefollowingdefinition:

Bodylanguageisthewayinwhichyoushowyourfeelingorthoughtstootherpeoplebymeansofthepositionormovementofyourbodyratherthanwords.AccordingtoValdes,therearethreeclassesofnonverbalbehavior-bodylanguage,objectlanguageandenvironmentallanguage;andbodylanguageincludesmovement,gesture,posture,facialexpre