大学英语六级考试试点考试样卷试题册Word格式文档下载.docx

大学英语六级考试试点考试样卷试题册Word格式文档下载.docx

《大学英语六级考试试点考试样卷试题册Word格式文档下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学英语六级考试试点考试样卷试题册Word格式文档下载.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

1.目前盗版的现象比较严重

2.造成这种现象的原因及其危害

3.我们应该怎么做

Usefulwordsandexpressions：

盗版：

piracy（n.）

盗版产品：

piratedproducts

知识产权:

intellectualpropertyrights

侵犯版权：

infringesb’scopyright；

copyrightinfringement

SayNotoPiratedProducts

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions14,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN） 

iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions510,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Rainforests

Tropicalrainforestsarethemostdiverseecosystem（生态系统）onEarth，andalsotheoldest.Today,tropicalrainforestscoveronly6percentoftheEarth’sgroundsurface，buttheyarehometooverhalfoftheplanet’splantandanimalspecies.

WhatIsaRainforest?

Generallyspeaking，arainforestisanenvironmentthatreceiveshighrainfallandisdominatedbytalltrees.Awiderangeofecosystemsfallintothiscategory,ofcourse.Butmostofthetimewhenpeopletalkaboutrainforests,theymeanthetropicalrainforestslocatedneartheequator.

Theseforestsreceivebetween160and400inchesofrainperyear.Thetotalannualrainfallisspreadprettyevenlythroughouttheyear,andthetemperaturerarelydipsbelow60degreesFahrenheit.

Thissteadyclimateisduetothepositionofrainforestsontheglobe.BecauseoftheorientationoftheEarth’saxis,theNorthernandSouthernhemisphereseachspendpartoftheyeartiltedawayfromthesun.Sincerainforestsareatthemiddleoftheglobe,locatedneartheequator,theyarenotespeciallyaffectedbythischange.Theyreceivenearlythesameamountofsunlight，andthereforeheat,allyear.Consequently,theweatherintheseregionsremainsfairlyconstant.

Theconsistently 

wet,warmweatherandamplesunlightgiveplantlifeeverythingitneedstothrive.Treeshavetheresourcestogrowtotremendousheights.andtheyliveforhundreds,eventhousands,ofyears.Thesegiants，whichreach60to150ftintheair,formthebasicstructureoftherainforest.Theirtopbranchesspreadwideinordertocapturemaximumsunlight.Thiscreatesathickcanopy（树冠）levelatthetopoftheforest,withthinnergreenerylevelsunderneath.Somelargetreesgrowsotallthattheyeventoweroverthecanopylayer.

Asyougolower,downintotherainforest,youfindlessandlessgreenery.Theforestfloorismadeupofmoss，fungi，anddecayingplantmatterthathasfallenfromtheupperlayers.Thereasonforthisdecreaseingreeneryisverysimple：

Theoverabundanceofplantsgatheringsunlightatthetopoftheforestblocksmostsunlightfromreachingthebottomoftheforest，makingitdifficultforrobustplantstothrive.

TheForestfortheTrees

Theamplesunlightandextremelywetclimateofmanytropicalareasencouragethegrowthoftoweringtreeswithwidecanopies.Thisthicktoplayeroftherainforestdictatesthelivesofallotherplantsintheforest.Newtreeseedlingsrarelysurvivetomakeittothetopunlesssomeoldertreesdie,creatinga“hole”inthecanopy.Whenthishappens，alloftheseedlingsonthegroundlevelcompeteintenselytoreachthesunlight.

Manyplantspeciesreachthetopoftheforestbyclimbingthetalltrees.Itismucheasiertoascendthisway,becausetheplantdoesn’thavetoformitsownsupportingstructure.

Someplantspecies，calledepiphytes,growdirectlyonthesurfaceofthegianttrees.Theseplants，whichincludeavarietyoforchidsandferns，makeupmuchoftheunderstory,thelayeroftherainforestrightbelowthecanopy.Epiphytesarecloseenoughtothetoptoreceiveadequatelight，andtherunofffromthecanopylayerprovidesallthewaterandnutrients（养分）theyneed,whichisimportantsincetheydon’thaveaccesstothenutrientsintheground.

StranglersandButtresses

Someepiphyteseventuallydevelopintostranglers.Theygrowlong,thickrootsthatextenddownthetreetrunkintotheground.Astheycontinuetogrow,therootsformasortofwebstructureallaroundthetree.Atthesametime,thestranglerplant’sbranchesextendupward，spreadingoutintothecanopy.Eventually,thestranglermayblocksomuchlightfromabove，andabsorbsuchahighpercentageofnutrientsfromthegroundbelow,thatthehosttreedies.

Competitionovernutrientsisalmostasintenseascompetitionforlight.Theexcessiverainfallrapidlydissolvesnutrientsinthesoil,makingitrelativelyinfertileexceptatthetoplayers.Forthisreason，rainforesttreerootsgrowoutwardtocoverawiderarea,ratherthandownwardtolowerlevels.Thismakesrainforesttreessomewhatunstable,sincetheydon’thaveverystronganchorsintheground.Sometreescompensateforthisbygrowingnaturalbuttresses.Thesebuttressesarebasicallytreetrunksthatextendoutfromthesideofthetreeanddowntotheground,givingthetreeadditionalsupport.

Rainforesttreesaredependentonbacteriathatarecontinuallyproducingnutrientsintheground.Rainforestbacteriaandtreeshaveaveryclose，symbiotic（共生的）relationship.Thetreesprovidethebacteriawithfood,intheformoffallenleavesandothermaterial,andthebacteriabreakthismaterialdownintothenutrientsthatthetreesneedtosurvive.

Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutrainforestplantlifeisitsdiversity.ThetemperaterainforestsofthePacificNorthwestaremainlycomposedofadozenorsotreespecies.Atropicalrainforest,ontheotherhand,mighthave300distincttreespecies.

AllCreatures,GreatandSmall

Rainforestsarehometothemajorityofanimalspeciesintheworld.Andagreatnumberofspecieswhonowliveinotherenvironments,includinghumans,originallyinhabitedtherainforests.Researchersestimatethatinalargerainforestarea,theremaybemorethan10milliondifferentanimalspecies.

Mostofthesespecieshaveadaptedforlifeintheupperlevelsoftherainforest,wherefoodismostplentiful.Insects,whichcaneasilyclimborflyfromtreetotree,makeupthelargestgroup（antsarethemostabundantanimalintherainforest）.Insectspecieshaveahighlysymbioticrelationshipwiththeplantlifeinarainforest.Theinsectsmovefromplanttoplant,enjoyingthewealthoffoodprovidedthere.Astheytravel,theinsectsmaypickuptheplants’seeds,droppingthemsomedistanceaway.Thishelpstodispersethepopulationoftheplantspeciesoveralargerarea.

Thenumerousbirdsoftherainforestalsoplayamajorpartinseeddispersal.Whentheyeatfruitfromaplant,theseedspassthroughtheirdigestivesystem.Bythetimetheyexcrete（排泄）theseeds,thebirdsmayhaveflownmanymilesawayfromthefruit-bearingtree.

Therearealsoalargenumberofreptilesandmammalsintherainforest.Sincetheweatherissohotandhumidduringtheday,mostrainforestmammalsareactiveonlyatnight，duskordawn.Themanyrainforestbatspeciesareespeciallywelladaptedforthislifestyle.Usingtheirsonar,batsnavigateeasilythroughthemassoftreesintherainforest,feedingoninsectsandfruit.

Whilemostrainforestspeciesspendtheirlivesinthetrees，thereisalsoalotoflifeontheforestfloor.Greatapes,wildpigs,bigcatsandevenelephantscanallbefoundinrainforests.Thereareanumberofpeoplewholiveintherainforests,aswell.Thesetribes—which,upuntilrecently,numberedinthethousands—arebeingforcedoutoftherainforestsatanalarmingratebecauseofdeforestation.

Deforestation

Inthepasthundredyears，humanshavebegundestroyingrainforestsatanalarmingrate.Today,roughly1.5acresofrainforestaredestroyedeverysecond.Peoplearecuttingdowntherainforestsinpursuitofthreemajorresources：

Landforcrops

Lumberforpaperandotherwoodproducts

Landforlivestockpastures

Inthecurrenteconomy,peopleobviouslyhaveaneedforalloftheseresources.Butalmostallexpertsagreethat,overtime,wewillsuffermuchmorefromthedestructionoftherainforeststhanwewillbenefit.

Theworld’srainforestsareanextremelyvaluablenaturalresource，tobesure,butnotfortheirlumberortheirland.TheyarethemaincradleoflifeonEarth，andtheyholdmillionsofuniquelifeformsthatwehaveyettodiscover.Destroyingtherainforestsiscomparabletodestroyinganunknownplanet—wehavenoideawhatwe’relosing.Ifdeforestationcontinuesatitscurrentrate，theworld’stropicalrainforestswillbewipedoutwithin40years.

1.VirtuallyallplantandanimalspeciesonEarthcanbefoundintropicalrainforests.

2.Thereisnotmuchchangeintheweatherinthetropicalrainforestsalltheyearround.

3.ThelargestnumberofrainforestsintheworldarelocatedontheAfricancontinent.

4.Belowthecanopylevelofatropicalrainforestgrowsanoverabundanceofplants.

5.Newtreeseedlingswillnotsurvivetoreachthecanopylevelunless 

.

6.Epiphytes，whichformmuchoftheunderstoryoftherainforest,getalltheirwat