高考英语词汇单选题目详解Word格式文档下载.docx
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command命令,指令;
掌握,运用能力。
3.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_____astobeabletochangebrainchemistry.
.powerful
B.influential
C.monstrous
D.vigorous
[答案]A.powerful
[注释]powerful(=havingorproducinggreatpower)强有力的。
在这里四个形容词中,只有powerful(有效力的)可与表示药物的名词搭配。
influential有影响的,有势力的,monstrous异常大的,vigorous精力旺盛的,强健有力的。
4.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_____inthewoodsoffthehighway.
A.vanished
B.abandoned
C.scattered
D.rejected
[答案]B.abandoned
[注释]abandoned(=giveupcompletely)放弃,抛弃;
1)Thescientistabandonedhisresearchforlackoffund.2)Thesailorsabandonedtheburningship
[注意]abandon暗指某人对其所抛弃的人或物将会发生什么事情不感兴趣,如把撞坏的汽车抛弃在路旁。
vanish(=suddenlydisappear;
gooutofexistence)vi.消失,绝迹;
1)Theairplanevanishedintotheclouds.2)Manykindsofanimalshavevanishedformtheearth.(许多种类的动物以在地球上绝迹。
)
scatter(=send,goindifferentdirection)驱使,使分散;
Thepolicescatteredthecrowed.(警察驱散人群。
)(=throworputinvariousdirections)撒,到处放;
Hescatteredhisclothesallovertheroom.reject(=refusetoaccept)拒绝接受;
Sherejectedmysuggestion
5.Henry'
snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_____thatnothinghadbeenomitted.
A.understanding
B.comprehensible
C.comprehensive
D.understandable
[答案]C.comprehensive.
[注释]comprehensive完全的无所不包的;
comprehensible能懂的,可以理解的;
understandable可以理解的,主要用来指人的行为。
understanding用来指人时,表示"
善于理解别人或别人问题的(人)。
"
注意下面的搭配:
acomprehensivemap(街区详图);
acomprehensibleremark(听得懂的话),anunderstandablemistake(可以理解的错误);
anunderstandingfriend(一位能理解人的朋友)。
6.Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher_____to
Scotland.
A.ticket
B.place
C.seat
D.connection
[答案]D.connection
[注释]loseone'
sconnectionto误了到......地方去的(汽车、火车、轮船的)联运;
ThetrainwaslateandImissedmyconnection.
7.Theshipwas_____inastormoffJamaica.
A.drowned
B.sunk
C.wrecked
D.submitted
[答案]C.wrecked
[注释]wreckvt.撞坏,毁坏;
1)Mysonwreckedmycar.2)Mycarwascompletelywreckedintheaccident.
sinkvt.下沉,沉没,该动词也可作及物动词用,意为“使下沉”,但按本题句意看,用被动语态不妥。
drown溺死,淹死:
(vt.)Hedrownedhiswife.(vi)Hedrownedintheriver.(他在河里淹死了。
)submit1)(=putoneselfunderthecontrolofanother)提交,呈送(to):
Shouldawifesubmitherselftoherhusband?
(妻子应顺从他丈夫吗?
)2)(=putforwardforoption,discussion,decisionect.)提出(供评论、讨论决定等)Youmustsubmityourrequesttothecommittee.3)(=surrender(to),givein)屈服,投降:
Afterbeingdefeated,theysubmittedtotheenemy.(打败后,他们向敌人投降了。
8.Noonehas_____beenabletotracetheauthorofthepoem.
A.still
B.yet
C.already
D.just
[答案]B.yet
[注释]yet常用于现在完成时的否定句中,意为“尚,还”。
9.Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseinthe
UnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,_____inSanFrancisco.
A.previously
B.predominantly
Cpractically
D.permanently
[答案]B.predominantly.
[注释]predominantly(=mostly;
mainly)主要地。
previously(=comingearlierintimeororder)先前,早先;
Thisisbetterthananysolutionpreviously.(这个办法比以前提出的任何解决办法都好。
)practically(=really;
inapracticalway)实际上。
permanently(=goingonforalongtime)永久地。
本题译文:
在美国,华人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亚洲,其中主要是在旧金山。
10.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably_____reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails.
A.concise
B.clear
C.precise
D.elaborate
[答案]A.concise.
[注释]concise(=brief;
givingmuchinformationinfewwords)简明扼要的:
Hegaveaconcisereportofthemeeting.(他对会议作了简明扼要的报道。
)clear清楚的。
precise(=exact;
correctlystated;
freeformerror)精确的,明白无误的;
Pleasetellmetheprecisemeasurements.(请告诉我精确的尺寸。
)elaborate(=workedoutwithmuchcare;
carefullyprepared)精心制作的,丰盛的:
Peterworkedoutanelaborateschemeforraisingthemoney.(彼得制定了一项详尽得计划来筹集着笔款项。
)孤立地看,似乎4个形容词均能修饰report,但从句子的逻辑关系看,后半句中有onlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails,故concise是最贴切的选择了。
11.Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.
A.guilt
B.charge
C.blame
D.accusation
[答案]C.blame.
[注释]taketheblamefor对......承担责任。
Takechargeof负责管理(照顾)。
[注意]charge前无冠词the.
12.Theworkeragreedto_____thestrike
罢工ifthecompanywouldsatisfytheirdemands.
A.callfor
B.callforth
C.calloff
D.callup
[答案]C.calloff
[注释]详见III,25,26注释。
13.Icouldjustseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldn'
t_____whatcoloritwas.
A.lookout
B.makeout
C.getacross
D.takeafter
[答案]B.makeout
[注释]详见III,123注释。
14.Hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand_____heissoontobepromoted.
A.eventually
C.finally
D.accordingly
[答案]D.accordingly.
[注释]accordingly(=forthatreason,therefore)因此,所以。
15.Itwasagreat_____forhimtobepleasanttopeoplehedidn'
tlike.
A.attempt
B.trouble
C.power
D.effort
[答案]D.effort.
[注释]effort(作可数名词用)(=vigorousattempt)努力的尝试:
Doesitrequireagreateffortofwilltogiveupsmoking?
(戒烟需要坚强的毅力吗?
16.Thefiremenmanagedto_____thefireintime.
A.extinguish
B.prevent
C.suppress
D.ruin
[答案]A.extinguish.
[注释]extinguish(=putout)vt.扑灭(火焰等)。
Stopthefire虽然也可以搭配,但按本句题意用extinguish为最佳。
17.WhatismostobviousinthisbookareallthosedetailsofdailylivingwhichmakeMrs.Richard_____common.
A.nothingbut
B.anythingbut
C.aboveall
D.ratherthan
[答案]B.anythingbut.
[注释]anythingbut(=farfrombeing)根本不;
Theboysknewtheybadbrokentherules,andtheywereanythingbuthappywhentheywerecalledtotheoffice.(=Theywereunhappyandafraid.)nothingbut只不过;
Don'
thavehimforafriend;
he'
snothingbutacriminal.(不要把他当朋友,他只不过是个罪犯。
)Ihavenothingbuttwodollars.(我只有2美元。
)aboveall最重要的。
ratherthan而不是
18.Thecarwascompletely_____andthedriverseriouslyinjured.
A.brokenoff
B.takenoff
C.writtenoff
D.pickedup
[答案]C.writtenoff.
[注释]writeoff报废,参看III,200.注释;
breakoff参看III.13.注释;
takeoff参看III.170.注释;
pickup参看III.130,129.注释。
19.Onthishappyoccasion,I'
dliketosaythatweare_____muchobliged感激toyouforyourkindcooperation.
A.evenso
B.everso
C.asyet
D.sofar
[答案]B.everso.
[注释]everso(=very)非常;
It'
seversocold.与名词搭配时则用eversuch,如:
She'
seversuchanicegirl.(她是一位非常好的姑娘。
)evenso(=althoughthatistrue,nevertheless;
still)即使如此:
Thefirewasout,butevenso,thesmellofsmokewasstrong.(=Thefirewasout,butthesmellwasstillthere.)
20.Hisnewappointmenttakes_____fromthebeginningofnextmonth.
A.place
B.effect
C.post
D.office、
[答案]B.effect.
[注释]takeeffect生效。
21.Thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand_____himofspeeding.
A.charged
B.accused
C.blamed
D.deprived
[答案]B.accused.
[注释]accusesb.of...控告某人犯有......,warnsb.of警告、告戒某人有......deprivesb.ofsth.剥夺某人某事。
chargesb.withmurder(指控某人犯有杀人罪)。
22.Mr.Smithgradually_____aknowledgeofthesubject.
A.attained
B.achieved
C.required
D.acquired
[答案]D.acquired.
[注释]acquired(=gainforoneselfbyskillorability,byone'
sowneffortsorbehavior)(由技术、能力、努力或行为)获得;
得到:
HehasacquiredagoodcommandofEnglishlanguage.(他已精通英语。
)achieve,vt.取得(胜利、成功等),实现(目标、目的等)。
attain,vt.达到(目的等),取得(成就等):
1)Ihopeyouwillattainyourobject.(我希望你会达到你的目的。
)2)Heattainedsuccessthroughhardwork.
23.Thisisthe_____pianoonwhichthecomposercreatedsomeofhisgreatestworks.
A.actual
B.genuine
C.real
D.original
[答案]A.actual
[注释]本题中actual(=existinginfact,notimaginary)实际使用过的。
actual,read,genuine是同义词,有时可以互换,如:
anactual(orreal)eventinhistory,(历史上的真实事件),real(orgenuine)banknotes(真钞票),其反义词是false(假的);
original(原来的),其反义词是duplicate(复制的)。
从不同的角度看,似乎任何一个选择都说得过去,但按照题意选A.actual最佳,因为题中强调的不是钢琴的真假,而是指作曲家“实际使用过的”。
这是作曲家创作他的一些杰出作品时实际使用过的那台钢琴。
24.Mycameracanbe_____totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.
A.treated
B.adopted
C.adjusted
D.remedied
[答案]C.adjusted.
[注释]adjust(=arrange,putinorderoragreement;
makesuitableorconvenientforuse)强调,调节,使适应;
Thebodyadjustsitselftochangeoftemperature.(身体能自行调节以适应温度的变化。
)Myeyeshavenotbeenadjustedtodarkyet.(我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。
)本句中adjust是不及物动词。
Imustadjustmywatch.It'
sslow.(我必须调一下我的表。
它走得慢了。
25.AccordingtothepsychoanalystSigmundFreud,wisdomcomesfromthe_____ofmaturity
精神分析学家西格蒙德·
弗洛伊德认为,智慧来自成熟。
.
A.fulfillment
B.achievement
C.establishment
D.accomplishment
[答案]B.achievement
[注释]achievement(=somethingsuccessfullyfinishedorgainedespeciallythroughskillandhardwork)取得,达到,成就。
例如:
achievementage智力成熟年龄。
fulfilment(=theactoffulfillingorconditionofbeingfulfilled)履行,实行。
如:
Hewaswillingtofaceanyhardshipinfulfillmentofhisduties.(他愿意迎向困难