德伯家的苔丝英文分析Word文档下载推荐.docx
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哈代是闻名的批判现实主义作家,《德伯家的苔丝》是他作品中最有阻碍力的一部。
在这部作品中他的对照是:
人和社会环境、人和大自然、人的外貌和他的内心世界。
《德伯家的苔丝》要紧讲述了一个漂亮仁慈的少女苔丝失身后所遭遇的凄惨故事。
他以为平民的生活是凄惨的,平民人物的命运也是悲剧,而主人公苔丝的命运确实是平民命运的一个小缩影。
而且在18世纪到19世纪之交,维多利亚时期是一个以男性为中心的时期,男女不平等已经成为维多利亚时期根深蒂固的社会风俗,因此,那时妇女倍受压迫和歧视。
苔丝作为一个一般人,与那时社会的抗争是无助的,她的结局会像所有一切与道德伦理相悖的事物一样,成为那个社会的捐躯品。
苔丝的悲剧是又多方因素造成的,我的论文仅通过社会环境的描述、法律制度,伦理道德和宗教,分析出造成苔丝凄惨命运的社会因素。
苔丝的悲剧是那个社会所造成的。
关键词:
苔丝社会环境法律系统伦理道德宗教因素
ABSTRACT
ManynovelistsfromEnglandexpresseddisillusionmentintheirnovels.ThemosttypicalonewasThomasHardywhowasafamouscriticalrealisticwriterattherunofthe19thcenturyinEngland.Inthenovel,Hiscontrastsarehumanandsocialenvironment,humanandnature,surfaceandheart.TessoftheD’Urbervillesisthemostinfluentialoneofallhisworks.ThisnovelisatragicstoryaboutonebeautifulandkindTessaftershehadbeenlostchastity.Inhismind,thelifeofdemosistragic,andthedestinyofTessisaminiaturedisplaythelifeofdemosisatragedy.Andattheturnofthecenturybetween18thand19th,womenwereoppressedanddiscriminated,duetothedeeplyinequalitysocialculturebetweenmanandwomaninVictorianAge,allofwhichexistedintheTess’slivingtime.Asacommonperson,Tessfoughtwiththesocietyishelpless.Intheend,sheturnedouttobethesacrificialvictimofsocietylikeallotherthings,whichdisobeythemoralityandethic.ThetragedyhappenedonTessiscausedbymanyreasons.MypaperisabouttoanalyzethetragedyofTessthoughthesocialenvironment,lawsystem,moralityandreligionfactoratthattime.Tess‘stragiclifeiscausedbythatsocietyanditistheresultofthattime.
KEYWORDS:
Tesssocietyenvironmentlawsystemmoralityethicreligionfactor
CONTENTS
I.Introductionofauthorandnovel……………………………………….1
IntroductionofThomasHardy……………………………………1
IntroductionofTessoftheD’Urbervilles…...…………...………2
II.Background………………………………...……………….…………4
ofthenovel…………………………………………
BackgroundofPolitical,EconomicalandCultural………………4
BackgroundoftheFeaturesofVictoriannovels...……...………5
III.AnalyzethetragedyofTessfromsocialfactors…………………..…5
Lifeenvironmentforthepeasants…….……….……….………...7
Unfairlawsystemforthepeasants……….……….……….……...9
ThevictimofmoralityforFemale
Contactingwithreligion
IV.Conclusion………………………………………………………...14
References…..…………………………………………………15
.Theintroductionofauthorandnovel
IntroductionofThomasHardy
ThomasHardywasbornonJune2,1840,avillageofsouthwesternEnglandthatwasthefocusofhisnovels.Hegotaloveofmusicfromhisfatherandliteraturefromhismother.In1862,hewenttoLondontoworkforafamousarchitect.Duringthetimewhenhewasfree,hewidelystudied:
language,literature,history,philosophyandart.Atthattime,heevengainedtwoprizesforessaysonarchitecture,butitwasnothisdesiredprofession.Hestartedtowritepoetryandpaidmoreattentiontopoetrythannovelwhenhewas25-year-old.Buthehadnochancetopublishhispoetry.Hechangedthemattertocreatenovel.In1871,hisfirstlongnovelwaspublished.Threeyearsago,thecelebratedworkwashisfourthnovelfarfromtheMaddingCrowd.Hestoppedconstructionindustryanddevotedtothenovelcreation.Therewereearly20longnovelsinHardy’slife.ThemostfamousnovelisTessoftheD’Urbervilles.HoweverhisviewhasledconsiderablyconflictwiththemoralofVictorianera.Someplotsweredeletedintheserialandthetitleofthenovelisatruelifeofthepurewomanthatcausedstrongdissatisfactionamongsomepeople.TheybelievethatisanaffrontonpublicmoralbecauseTessgetsthesympatheticandunderstandingfromtheauthorinthenovel.Hardy’sworksreflectedthechangedofsocialeconomy,political,moralandtradition,whichistheadvancedthoughtsinVictorianera.Especially,hisnovelsexposedwomen’stragiclifeandmorals,legalandreligious.Andhisstoryisthepeoplepursueaideallifebydescribingthestruggle,pursuitanddisillusionmentinhisnovel.Therefore,thestoryisfullofthedeepsociety-significanceandphilosophy.HisworksnotonlywerethegreattraditionofEnglandrealism,butalsowerethewayfor20thcenturyBritishliterature.
TessoftheD’Urbervilles
Tessisa16-year-oldwhoisabeautifulandkindgirlcomesfromapoorfamilyinavillage,thewholefamilymaketheirlivingbytransportingwithanoldhorse.Howevertheoldhorsewasdeadinasuddenaccident.ThepovertyofthefamilyforceshertoclaimhelpfromtherichD’Urbervilles.
WhilevisitingtheD’UrbervillesattheSlopes,TessmeetsAlecD’Urbervilles.AlecisayoungmasteroftheD’Urbervillesandaplayboy.AlecarrangesforTesstotakecareofhisblindmother’spoultry,andTessmovestotheSlopes.AlecseducesandrapesTess.
Tessreturnshome,givesbirthtoason.Hisnameissorrow.Tessworksasafieldworkeronnearbyfarms.Sorrowbecomesillanddieswhenheisababy.People’sopinionforcesTessmakesanotherjourneyawayfromhometobecomeamilkmaidonadairyfarm.ThereshemeetsAngelClare.Shefallsinlovewitheachother.Ontheirweddingnight,Tessdisplaysherownpast,TessforgivesAngelforhispast,butAngelcannotforgiveTessforhavingachildwithanotherman.Finally,heleavesher.
Tessgoestoherparents’home.TesseventuallyleaveshometoworkinanothertownatFlintcomb-Ashfarm,wheretheworkingconditionsareveryharsh.TessmeetssomeofherfriendsfromTalbothays,andtheyareatFlintcombtothehardwork.TesswantstovisitAngel’sfamily,butshegivesupatthelastminute.OnthewayFlintcomb,TessmeetsAlecagain.WhenAlecmeetsTess,heleaveshispositiontopursueher.AlecfollowsTesstoFlintcomb,askinghertomarryhim.Tessrefusesinthestrongestterms.Howeverherfather’sdeathleadstothewholeburdenofthefamilyonher,sheisforcedtogobacktoAlec.Inthemeantime,AngelreturnsfromBraziltolookforTessandbeginhisownfarminEngland.WhenAngelgoestoTess’sfamily,theytellhimthatTesshasgonetoafashionableseasideinthesouthofEngland.InthemeetingwithAngel,Tessaskshimtoleaveher.Angeldoesleave.AfterhermeetingwithAngel,shedecidestoaccuseAlec.Inafitofanger,TesskillsAlecwithaknife.Alecisdead.TesstellsAngelthatAlecisdead.AngelhastroublebelievingTess’storybutwelcomesherback.Theirplanistoleavethecountryassoonaspossible.Theyspendaweekinahouse.
Theyarediscovered,andthepolicetakeheraway.Beforesheisexecutedforhercrime,TesshasAngelpromisetomarryhersisterLizaLu.Angelagreeswithher.Thetwo,AngelandLizaLu,leavetogether,andthetragictaleofTessends.
.Background
ofthenovel
ThisstoryhappenedinthelateofBritain'
sVictorianera,inthistime,Capitalistclasscontrolledallright,andthelawwereservicedforthem.Farmerswereatthebottleofthesociety.Theyhadneverequalrightasthecapitalistclass.TessasawomanintheVictorianera,shecannotavoidedthe“Hegemony”fatherrightawarenessto“woman”natureunderstanding.Andinthemansociety,traditioncustomsmadewomenlosttheirindependentstatus.。
Inthemaleawareness,
BytheCapitalistbreakintothesociety,thosefarmerswhohadasmallamountoflandandthemeansofproductionhadfollowedtheinsolvency。
Femalebeautynotonlyregardedasthe"
Troubles"
butalsobecomeanexcuseformentoshirktheircrime;
Themalerequestsfemininetobeloyalandthebodilypureandchaste,actuallydisregardsownindulging.Butinundermalepowersuppression,femininethoughtpatternalsowascontrolledsolidlybythiskindofstrongtrendwasevenmelting.
ofPolitical,EconomicalandCultural
TheearlyyearsoftheVictorianEnglandwasatimeofrapideconomicdevelopmentaswellasserioussocialproblems.Aftertherevolutionof1832passedthepoliticalpowerfromthecapitalistclassintothehandsofthemiddle-classindustrialcapitalists,theIndustrialRevolutionwasready.Towardsthemid-century,Englandhadreacheditstopofdevelopmentasaworldpower.Underthegreatprosperityandrichness,thereexistedwidespreadpovertyandsadnessamongtheworkingclass.Duringthenexttwentyyears,Englandsettleddowntoatimeofprosperityandrelativestability.Themiddle-classlifeofthetimewascharacterizedbyprosperity,respectabilityandmaterialprogress.ButthelastthreedecadesofthecenturywasthedeclineoftheBritishandtheVictorianvalues.Actually,theVictoriansexperiencedimportantchanges.TherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywasthesubjectoftheVictorianera.Andnewinventionsanddiscoverieshadcreatedinmanyfields.Atthattime,capitalistclasscontrolledallright,andthelawsystemwereservicedforthem.Farmerswereatbottleofthesociety;
theyhadunequalrightasthecapitalistclass.
BackgroundofFeaturesofVictoriannovels
Inthisera,thenovelbecamethemostwidelyreadandthemostimportantandchallengingexpressionofadvertencethoughts.Novelistskepttheprincipleoffaithfulrepresentationofthe18th-centuryrealistnovel,andcarriedtheirrightforwardtothecriticismofthesociety.Althoughwritingfromdifferentpointsofviewandwritingskill,theysharedonethingincommon,thatis,theywereallconcernedaboutthelifeofthecommonpeople.Theydisagreedwiththesocietywithouthumanity;
thesocialwasfullofthepovertyandinjustice.Theydescribedtruthfulconditionofpeople'
slifeandbitterandstrongcriticismofthesocietyhaddonemuchinawakeningthepublicconsciousnesstothesocialproblemsandintheactual