桥式起重机设计毕业设计论文.docx

桥式起重机设计毕业设计论文.docx

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桥式起重机设计毕业设计论文

桥式起重机设计毕业设计论文

本科毕业设计（论文）

桥式起重机设计

摘要：

建国以来，我国起重机械行业在产品设计、生产和科学研究方面取得了很大的成绩，积累了不少的经验，为了总结这些经验，提高生产效率，以适应国民经济日益发展的需要，制造行业中对桥式起重机的各方面的要求越来越高。

本设计要完成了桥式起重机主体结构部分的设计及主梁和端梁的校核计算。

采用正轨箱形梁桥架，正轨箱形梁桥架由两根主梁和端梁构成。

主梁外侧分别设有走台，并与端梁通过连接板焊接在一起形成刚性结构。

为了运输方便在端梁中间设有接头，通过连接板和角钢使用螺栓连接，这种结构运输方便、安装容易。

小车轨道固定于主梁的压板上，压板焊接在盖板的中央。

本设计正确选择了起重机桥架钢结构构造形式和构件截面，以保证其在使用过程中的强度、刚度和稳定性。

设计时，同时还注意了起重机的结构制造工艺性、省料、安装以及维修方便等问题，使大车运行和起升机构能够工作中得到更好的安全和使用性能保证。

关键词：

桥式起重机；大车运行机构；主梁

Bridge-typehoistcrane

Abstract:

sincethefoundingofnewChina,China'scraneindustryinproductdesign,productionandscientificresearchhasmadegreatachievement,accumulatedalotofexperience,inordertosumuptheseexperience,improveproductionefficiency,tomeetthegrowingneedsofthedevelopmentofnationaleconomy,manufacturingindustryofbridgecraneinthevariousaspectsofincreasinglyhighdemand.

thisdesigntocompletethebridgecranemainstructuredesignandcalculationofmaingirderandendgirder.Thetrackboxgirderbridge,trackboxgirderbridgeconsistsoftwomainbeamsandsidebeams.Mainbeamarerespectivelyarrangedoutsidetheplatform,andwiththeendbeamthroughaconnectingplateareweldedtogethertoformarigidstructure.Inordertoconvenienttransportationintheendbeamisarrangedinthemiddleofajoint,throughtheconnectionplateandtheanglesteelboltconnectionstructure,theconvenienttransportation,easyinstallation.Trolleyrailisfixedonthemainbeamoftheplaten,platenweldingintheflatcentral.

Thedesigncorrectselectionofcranesteelstructureformandcomponentsection,inordertoensureitsuseintheprocessofstrength,stiffnessandstability.Thedesign,butalsopayattentiontothecranestructuremanufacturingprocess,materialsaving,convenientinstallationandrepairwaitforaproblem,maketheengineoperationandthehoistmechanismcanworktogetbettersafetyandperformanceguarantee.

Keywords:

crane;cranetravelingmechanism;girder

摘要···························································I

ABSTRACT····················································II

1．绪论·························································1

1.1桥式起重机的概述············································1

1.2桥式起重机的综述和原理·····································1

1.3起重机国内外发展情况········································2

1.3.1国外起重机制造业发展趋势································2

1.3.2国内起重机存在的问题····································3

1.4双梁桥式起重机研究的意义·································4

2．大车运行机构方案拟定及选择···································5

2.1大车运行机构的可供选择的几种常用方案·······················5

2.1.1低速集中驱动···········································5

2.1.2中速集中驱动···········································6

2.1.3高速集中驱动···········································6

2.1.4分别驱动···············································7

2.2大车运行机构的几种方案······································7

2.2.1低速集中驱动···········································7

2.2.2中速集中驱动···········································7

2.2.3高速集中驱动···········································8

2.2.4分别驱动···············································8

2.3大车运行机构方案的选择······································8

3.大车运行机构的设计···········································9

3.1运行阻力的计算·············································9

3.1.1摩擦阻力············································9

3.1.2坡道阻力············································11

3.1.3风阻力·············································11

3.2电动机的选择···············································12

3.2.1概述··················································123.2.2电动机静功率···········································13

3.2.3电动机初选···········································13

3.2.4电动机过载校验········································14

3.2.5电动机发热校验········································153.2.6起动时间与起动平均加速度校验···························15

3.2.7选择合适的电动机型号···································17

3.3减速器的选择··············································173.3.1概述··················································17

3.3.2总体设计···············································17

3.3.3确定传动比·············································18

3.3.4计算传动装置的传动参数·································183.3.5齿轮的设计·············································193.3.6齿轮的强度结构设计·····································193.3.7齿轮的几何尺寸计算······································213.3.8低速轴设计·············································21

3.3.9轴的结构设计···········································22

3.3.10轴上的载荷············································24

3.3.11校核轴承的寿命强度验算································24

3.3.12按弯矩合成应力校核轴的强度····························25

3.3.13减速器型号的选择······································25

3.4制动器的选择··············································26

3.4.1制动器概述·············································26

3.4.2制动器相关参数的计算··············