高考英语复习《阅读理解》专项综合练习附答案解析.docx

高考英语复习《阅读理解》专项综合练习附答案解析.docx

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高考英语复习《阅读理解》专项综合练习附答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Ifyou'reafanofsmarttechnology,youmayhavehadsomesleeplessnightslately.That'sbecauseAlexa,theartificialintelligence（AI）behindUScompanyAmazon'sEchosmartspeakers,hasbeen"lettingoutanunprompted（自发的）,creepy（令人毛骨悚然的）cacklefornoapparentreason,accordingtoBBCNews.

   ManysocialmediauserssharedtheirstoriesofAlexascaringthemwiththeseeminglyunpromptedlaugh.

   "EverytimeAlexalaughs,anangeldies,"TeslaandSpaceXfounderElonMuskjokedonsocialmedia.

   OnMarch7,Amazonreleasedanupdatethatfixedtheproblem,sayingthatthelaughwascausedbyEchodevicesmistakenlythinkingthatusershadsaidthecommand"Alexa,laugh".

   However,whatshouldhavebeenafunnystoryraisedtheongoingtopicofmanversusmachine.

   Withtheriseofartificialandrobotictechnology,"Digitalmachinesstartedtodemonstratebroadabilitiesinpatternrecognition,complexcommunication,andotherareathatusedtobeparticularlyhuman,"wroteErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeintheirbookTheSecondMachineAge:

Work,Progress,andProsperityinaTimeofBrilliantTechnologies.TheybelievethatAIwill"domoreandmore,andourliveswillgetbetter".

   However,eversincetheearliestdaysofAItherehavebeenconcernsthatsomeday,softwarewilltakeovertheworld,leavingthefateofhumansunknown.

   "Withartificialintelligenceweareorderthedemon（魔鬼）MusktoldstudentsduringameetingatMITin2014."IfIhadtoguessatwhatourbiggestexistentialthreatis,it'sprobablythat.Soweneedtobeverycareful

   Manyscientistshavesharedthesameconcern.ThelateBritishphysicistStephenHawkingsaidatatechnologyconferenceinPortugalinNovemberthat"computerscan.intheory,imitatehumanintelligence,andexceedit•••AIcouldbetheworsteventinthehistoryofourcivilization."

   IfcreatorsaretosafelycontrolALhowever,Hawkingsuggestedthatthey"employbestpracticeandeffectivemanagement".

   IamanoptimistandIbelievethatwecancreateAIforthegoodoftheworld,"hesaidattheconference."Wesimplyneedtobeawareofthedangers,identifythem,employthebestpossiblepracticeandmanagement,andprepareforitsconsequenceswellinadvance."

（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"cackle"inParagraph1probablymean?

A.movement

B.laughter

C.scream

D.story

（2）ThestoryofAlexaisintendedto     .

A.leadintothediscussionabouthumansandAI

B.proveartificialintelligencehasitsweaknesses

C.informreadersofthedevelopmentofAI

D.showhowAlexa'sproblemwasfixed

（3）AccordingtoBrynjolfssonandMcAfee,whichstatementbelowisprobablyTRUE?

A.ThedevelopmentofAIcouldthreatenoursurvivaloneday.

B.Digitalmachineshavecompleteabilitytorecognizesomethingwithoutmistakes.

C.Robotswillnevermatchhumansincomplexcommunication.

D.Humansliveswillbegreatlyimprovedwiththehelpofrobots.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ManVS.Machine

B.TimetoControlRiseofAI

C.CreepyAI

D.AI:

TheBiggestThreat

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们对人工智能带来的潜在危险的不同观点，提醒我们要提前做好充分准备。

（1）考查猜测词义。

根据第二段中的"ManysocialmediauserssharedtheirstoriesofAlexascaringthemwiththeseeminglyunpromptedlaugh."可知很多社交媒体也分享了亚马逊公司的智能机器Alexa会发出令人毛骨悚然的笑声的事情。

此句中的"laugh"与文章第一段中的划线词"cackle"意义一样，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

前四段中介绍了亚马逊公司的智能机器Alexa会发出令人毛骨悚然的笑声的事情，再根据第五段中的"However,whatshouldhavebeenafunnystoryraisedtheongoingtopicofmanversusmachine."这个故事引起了人与机器对抗的话题。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的"TheybelievethatAIwill"domoreandmore,andourliveswillgetbetter"."可知Brynjolfsson和McAfee认为现在的人工智能机器展示出了多种能力，这些能力会让我们的生活变得更好。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了人们对于人工智能带来的潜在危险的不同观点。

在最后一段中作者引用了霍金的话，告诉我们要意识到人工智能的危险，要做好充分的准备。

B项符合文章中心思想。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Duringyourfouryearsinthecollege,you'llhavemanyexcitingchoicestomake,thefirstofwhichwillbeyourcourseselectionforyourfirstsemester.Thebeautyofthischoiceisthatyoucan'tgowrong!

NomatterwhichoneofourFirst-YearOptionsyouselecttoapplyfor,youwillcreatearichintellectualexperiencetobeginyourcollegecareer.

   Option1:

LiberalArtsSeminar

   TheLiberalArtsSeminarisamultidisciplinary（多学科的）coursethatexplorestheculturalhistoryoftheMediterraneanthroughfictionalandnonfictionalbooks.

Fallschedule:

WhenRegistrationopens,youwillselectbetweenoneandfouradditionalcoursestocompleteyourschedule.

   Option2:

FLLHagerScholarsProgram

   TheFLLHagerScholarsProgramisdesignedwithourmostambitiousstudentsoflanguagesandlinguisticsinmind,andisdesignedtocreateforthembothasenseofcommunityandopportunitiesforintellectualgrowth.

   Fallschedule:

WhenRegis