中考英语常考语法和词汇知识归纳及训练习题剖析Word下载.docx
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单、复数意义不同的名词
haveawordwithsb同某人说句话
havewordswithsb同某人吵架
makecloth织布
makeclothes制衣
5.有些抽象名词可用复数形式表示具体的事物。
①Ihadgreatdifficulty(inlearningEnglish.
Hefacedmanydifficulties(具体困难
②Youaremylasthope
Wehavemanyhopesforfuture.(具体希望
6.in表示|“用(方式,材料,途径,语言”,也可用于表示交通方式,用“in+one’s+car”
HewrotemanylettersinEnglish.
Youcandothisinadifferentway.
in表示“在…..方面”
7.on表示“论述”,常与speak,talk,write,lecture等词连用。
Heiswritingabookoncooking.
Theprofessorisgoingtospeakontheimportanceoflearningforeignlanguages.8.instead与insteadof
Ifyouareverybusy,youmaycomeanotherdayinstead.
Iwillgoinsteadofyou
MrLigaveusalessoninsteadofMissLiu.
9.并列连词and连接并列主语的几种情况。
当and连接的两个名词指同一人或物(即and后无冠词时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。
Theworkerandwriteriscomingtomorrow.
10.当and连接的两个单数名词前都有every,each或no修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Eachboyandeachgirlisgoingtotakepartinthesportsmeetingnextweek.
11.what从句做主语
What从句做主语,如果表示的是单数意义,则位于动词用单数,如果表示的是复数形式,则位于动词用复数。
Whathewantedtoknowwaswhytheydidn’ttellhim.
12.方式状语从句
方式状语从句用以描述主句动作的方式,通常由as(按照,asif,asthough等引导。
I’lldoasyoutellme.
HetreatsmeasifI’mastranger.
ThemantalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself.
13.原因状语从句。
表示理由或原因的状语从句,常用连词为because,since和as.
Ilenthimmybikebecauseheneededit.
Asheisnotready,wemustgowithouthim.
Sinceeveryonecanmakemistakes,Iwanttogivehimachance.
14.地点状语从句由where,wherever引导。
Iwillfollowyouwhereveryougo.
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
15.assoonas表示“一…..就”这类从句中,一般遵循“主将从现”原则。
Assoonashearrives,I’lltellhim.
IwillgiveyouacallassoonasIgetthere.
16.AmantoldyuGongthathecouldneverdoit.
一个人告诉愚公他绝不可能把山移走。
【解析1】tellsb.that告诉某人
【辨析】speak/talk/say/tell
(1说某种语言用speakspeakEnglish说英语
(2与某人交谈用talktalkwithsb.=talktosb.与某人交谈
(3强调说话内容用saysayitinEnglish用英语说
(4告诉某人用telltellsb.todosth告诉某人做某事
17.need既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词,need作情态动词主要用于疑问句,
否定句。
否定式为needn’t;
作实义动词有人称,数,时态的变化,肯定式为needtodo,否定式为don’tneedtodo.例
Needyougosoon?
Weneedn’thurry.
Doesheneedtoknowit?
Heneedstofinishhishomeworkfirst.
18.(1hadbetter“最好”,没有人称的变化,后接不带to的不定式。
Youhadbettergotherebybus.
(2否定式为hadbetternot.
Youhadbetternotgivethebooktohim.
19.getaway离开;
逃脱;
takeaway拿走;
带走;
sendaway撵走;
开除;
throw
away扔掉
20.clearup清理endup结束makeup编写;
化妆
21.knockoff把….撞下来;
takeoff起飞;
脱衣服;
showoff炫耀
22.require需要reduce需要remove移除;
迁移repeat重复
23.comeupwith想出;
putup举起;
建立;
张贴callup打电话;
setup建立
24.takeafter性格相像;
takepartin参加活动
25.helpsbput帮助某人解决困难remindsbofsth使某人想起letsbdown使某人沮丧
26.comeout出版comeover顺便来访
27.dressup打扮stayup熬夜;
mixup混合showup炫耀;
comeup出现;
发生
28.putout熄灭;
putaway拿走;
putup张贴;
putoff推迟
29.giveaway捐赠
30.表示分数的短语在句中作主语时,如果后面的名词是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数;
如果后面的名词是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数。
In1850,aboutathirdoftheUSA_______coveredbyforest.
A.were
B.hasbeen
C.was
D./
31.oneandahalf的后面要接复数名词,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。
32.复合句的主句是Ithink(expect,suppose,believe,suspect,imagine时,附加问句要根据主句的主语而定,当主语时第一人称时,要根据从句而定,主语为二,三人称时,与主句保持一致,并且要注意否定的转移。
Idon’tthinkheisagoodstudent,ishe(agoodstudent?
Shedoesn’tthinkhewillcome;
doesshe(thinkso?
33.Let’s开头的祈使句的反义疑问句用shallwe;
letus开头的祈使句的反义疑问句用willyou.例:
Let’sgothere,shallwe?
Letusgothere,willyou?
34.祈使句的反意疑问句,一般在句尾加willyou.
Givemeahand,willyou?
Don’tforgetit,willyou?
书面表达
昨天你高兴地看到许多同学知识校园里自觉地做了一些事去保护环境,请你以“Learnfromthem”为题给你校英语周刊投稿,内容包括同学们在校园里的具体做法以及你要向他们学习什么。
提示词:
pickupthetrash;
plant;
reuse;
saveLearnFromThem.
Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplehavedonealottoprotecttheenvironment.Yesterday,Iwasgladtoseemanystudentsvolunteertheirtimetomakeourschoolenvironmentbetter.Somestudentspickedupthetrashontheplayground,somestudentsplantedthetrees,andotherstudentsmadeposterscallingonpeopletoleadalow-carbonlife.
Iwasmovedbywhattheydid.Theenvironmentprotectionisnotonlythebusinessofthegovernment,butalsotheresponsibilityofeachofus.EvenasmalleffortcanmakeagreatdifferencesoImadeupmymindtolearnfromthem.
IwillturnoffthelightswhenIleavetheroom,andIwon’tkeepthewaterrunningwhileIamnotusingit.Besides,reusingsomeoldthingsIplantothrowawaywillbemychoice.What’smore,Iwillremindpeoplearoundmetotalepartinsucha