高二英语第二十一单元的教学设计Word文件下载.docx
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Ⅲ.语法学习
-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法
1.动词的ing形式包括名词和现在分词,二者都可作表语,高二英语第二十一单元Music。
如:
Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.(动名词)
Themusictheyareplayingsoundssoexciting.(现在分词)
注:
一般来讲,动名词(短语)作表语,主表可互换,即:
Playingallkindsofmusicisourjob.
现在分词作表语,表明主语的性质和特征,主表不可互换。
2.-ing形式做定语可以表示1)所修饰名词的用途。
awaitingroom(=aroomforwaiting)候车室
awalkingstick(=astickforwalking)手杖
asleepingcar(=acarforsleeping)卧车
2)所修饰名词正在进行的动作,可以换成定语从句形式。
如:
awaitingman(=amanwhoiswaiting)正等待着的男人
asleepingchild(=achildwhoissleeping)正睡觉的孩子
awalkingman(=amanwhoiswalking)正散步的男人
3.在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感观动词后可以用-ing形式做宾语补足语。
这时-ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,并且-ing形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。
Hesawagirlgettingonthetractor.(=Hesawagirlandthegirlwasgettingonthetractor.)他看见一个女孩在往拖拉机上爬。
Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?
有人敲门你听见了吗?
Askthestudentstousetheinformationfromthereadingpassagetodescribewhattheyhavelearntaboutmusic.
Kindsofmusic
Moredetails
Folkmusic
Ithasbeenpasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Atfirstitwasneverwrittendown.Peoplelearnedthesongsfromtheirfamilies,relatives,neighboursandfriendsinthesamevillage.Thesesongswereaboutthecountrylife,theseasons,animalsandplants,andaboutloveandsadnessinpeople'
slives.
Africanmusic
Itplaysanimportantpartinpeople'
slives,especiallyforwork,andatfestivalsandweddings,whenpeopledanceallnightlong.
Indianmusic
It'
snotwrittendown.Thereisabasicpatternofnoteswhichthemusicianfollows.Butalotofmodernmusicisalsowritten.Indiaalsoproducesfilmswithmusic,andmillionsofrecordsaresoldeveryyear.
MusicintheCaribbean
TheslaveswhowerebroughtfromAfricadevelopedtheirownkindofmusic.WestIndiansmakemusicalinstrumentsoutoflargeoilcans.Theyhitdifferentpartsofthedrumwithhammerstoproducedifferentnotes.ThistypeofmusichasbecomeveryfamousinBritainandisverygoodmusictodanceto.
Jazz
JazzwasbornintheUSAaround1890.ItcamefromworksongssungbyblackpeopleandhaditsrootsinAfrica.Jazzstarteddevelopinginthe1920sinthesouthernstates,Soonitwasplayedbywhitemusicians,too,andreachedotherpartsoftheUSA.
1.familiar意为“世所周知,熟悉的;
看惯的,听惯的,耳熟的”,其后通常跟介词to连用。
例如:
afamiliarface/voice熟悉的脸/声音
Hisnameisfamiliartome,butIhaven'
tmethim.
ThesetalesarefamiliartoChinesechildren.
familiar还可以表示“(某人)熟悉(某事)的,精通……的,通晓……的”,其后通常可以跟介词with连用。
例如:
HeismorefamiliarwithmodernjazzthanI.
Iamnotfamiliarwiththenamesofplants.
通过以上例句我们可以看出:
①事物当主语时,作“为人所熟悉”解,与to连用;
但人当主语时,作“熟悉某事物”解时,则与with连用。
又如:
Alpineplantsarefamiliartohim.(=Heisfamiliarwithalpineplants.)
②人当主语而与with连用时,with之后若接事物的话就是“熟悉”之意,若接人的话就变成了“亲密”之意,但这个“亲密”往往很容易变成“亲昵、放肆”。
2.marry用作动词,意为“结婚;
嫁,娶,与……结婚”,其名词形式为marriage,形容词形式为married。
Hemarriedaclassmatefromhighschool.
KatemarriedaFrenchmanlastyear.
Hemarriedhisdaughtertoadoctor.
MrSmithmarriedMissKatefiveyearsago.
另外,短语bemarried(to)意为“与……结婚,嫁给”;
getmarred(to)意为“与……结婚,嫁给……”;
marrysb.to意为“把……嫁给……”。
Theoldcouplehavealreadybeenmarriedforfiftyyears.
Shehasgotmarriedtoamanfromherhometown.
Theymarriedtheiryoungestdaughtertoamanwithalotofmoney.
3.perform用作动词,意为“执行,完成,做;
演出,表演”。
Theycomputerperformsthesecalculationswithsurprisingspeed.
Thesurgeonwasperformedadangerousoperation.
ThesingerhadneverperformedinBeijingbefore.
Hewillbeperformingontheflutetonight.
4.praise可用作及物动词,意为“赞扬,表扬”,例如:
Hewaspraisedforhisgoodworks.
Theypraisedhimforriskinghislifetosavehiscomrade.
Hewaspraisedforfinishinghisworkaheadoftime.
praise还可以用作名词,意为“赞扬;
赞扬的话(用复数)”。
Mybooksreceivedhighpraisefromgeneralreaders.
Theteacher'
spraisehadgreatlyencouragedus.
Thepraiseofmineusuallymadethestudentsfeelveryhappy.
5.nowadays用作副词,表示与以前相比,意为“时下;
现今”,常与一般现在时