高考英语非谓语总结文档格式.docx
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动名词,现在分词,过去分词和动词不定式。
无论它们在句中作什么成分,他们都保持着自己本身的属性特点。
动名词:
具有名词功能,常在句中作:
主语,宾语;
作定语时表功能;
现在分词:
表主动和正在进行,常在句中作:
定语,状语,宾补;
过去分词:
被动和已完成,常在句中作:
定语,状语,补语;
动词不定式:
表将来具体某一次,常在句中作;
主语;
定语,状语,补语,宾语等。
要学好非谓语,掌握它们的本身属性很关键
第1讲作主语
考点1.动词不定式作主语与动名词作主语的区别
动词原形是不能作主语的。
动词作主语时,如果侧重于表示经常性,在动词后面加ing构成动名词来做主语;
如果侧重于表示将来特定的某一次,则用动词不定式来做主语。
Playingbasketballismyfavoritesport.
(“打篮球”指经常性,因此用动名词。
Togotoakeycollegeishisdream.
(“上名牌大学”指特定的将来的某一次,用不定式)
有时为了对称,主语,宾语(或表语)要么都用不定时,要么都用动名词。
Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.
1.___isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.
A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk
2._______tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.
A.ExposedB.havingexposed
C.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed
3.Toanswercorrectlyismoreimportantthan_____.
A.thatyoufinishquicklyB.finishingquickly
C.tofinishquicklyD.finishquickly
4.__________nowseemsimpossible.
A.SavingmoneyB.Tosavemoney
C.BeingsavedmoneyD.Tobesavedmoney
5.【2009四川】Hetolduswhether_________apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion
A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.had
考点2.what在问句中作主语时,常用动名词短语来回答
6.WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?
_______hernewbicycle.
A.AsshelostB.Lost
C.LosingD.Becauseoflosing
第2讲作宾语
作主语用动词不定式还是动名词主要是看主语表示的动作是将来还是经常性;
作宾语用动词不定式还是动名词主要是看谓语动词的搭配。
考点1.有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语
这类及物动词常见的有:
agree(同意),ask(请、要),attempt(试图),afford付得起agree同意ask要求apply申请care(想要),choose(决定、要),decide(决定),desire(希望),determine(决心),help帮助expect(期望),fail(未能),hope(希望),intend(打算),learn(学习),manage(设法),offer(愿意),plan(计划、打算),pretend(假装),refuse(拒绝、谢绝),wish(希望),promise(答应),want(想要)等等。
1.Weasked___toworkinthecountryside.
A.tobesentB.tosend
C.tobesendingD.sending
2.【2010江西】Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting.
A.todiscoverB.tobediscovered
C.discoveredD.beingdiscovered
3.Iexpected__________yourfriend,butmycarbrokedownontheway.
A.I’llmeetB.meeting
C.tomeetingD.tomeet
4.Shetoldmethatshehaddecided__________again.
A.benotlateB.notbelate
C.nottobelateD.tobenotlate
5.Almosteveryonefails__________onthefirsttry.
A.inpassinghisdriver’stest
B.topasshisdriver’stest
C.tohavepassedhisdriver’stest
D.passinghisdriver’stest
6.Thetwoweaverspretended__________veryhard,thoughtheydidnothingatthelooms.
A.workB.working
C.tobeworkedD.tobeworking
7.Whenhegotoffthetrain,ithappened__________.
A.torainB.toberaining
C.rainingD.toraining
8.Ididn’t__________ituntilyouhadexplainedhow.
A.managetodoB.managedtodo
C.managetohavedoneD.managedoing
9.Theyoungdriveroffered_________thepatientoutofthecar.
A.tohandB.handingC.handsD.wouldhand
10.Thewhitehorserefused__________thestonewall.
A.itsjumpingB.tojump
C.jumpingupD.tojumpat
考点2.有些动词只能跟动名词作宾语
下列动词习惯上可接动名词作宾语,但不能接不定式作宾语:
admit承认advise建议allow允许appreciate感激avoid避免consider考虑delay推迟deny否认discuss讨论dislike不喜欢enjoy喜爱escape逃脱excuse原谅fancy设想finish完成forbid禁止forgive原谅giveup放弃imagine想象keep保持mention提及mind介意miss没赶上pardon原谅permit允许practice练习prevent阻止prohibit禁止putoff推迟risk冒险stop停止suggest建议feellike想做某事
11.Iwouldappreciate__________backthisafternoon.
A.youtocallB.youcall
C.yourcallingD.you’recalling
12.Sheenjoys__________lightmusic.
A.tohearB.hearingC.listeningtoD.tolistento
13.Youcankeepthebookuntilyou__________.
A.havefinishedreadingB.finishtoread
C.willfinishreadingD.havefinishedtoread
14.Alisaidthatshewouldn’tmind_________aloneathome.
A.leftB.beingleftC.tobeleftD.leaving
15.Ifyoukeep__________English,youcanlearnEnglishwell.
A.practicingspeakB.practicingspeaking
C.practicingtospeakD.topractisespoken
16.Weareconsidering_________anewplan.
A.makingB.beingmade
C.tomakeD.tohavemade
17.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed__________.
A.catchingB.tobecaught
C.beingcaughtD.tocatch
18.Canyouimagineyourself__________onadesertisland?
A.stayingB.stayC.havestayedD.beingstayed
19.Wecanunderstandwhyheavoids__________tous.
A.tospeakB.speech
C.havingspokenD.speaking
20.Pleaseexcusemy_________inwithout_________.
A.come,askingB.coming,asking
C.tocome,beingaskedD.coming,beingasked
21.Whyhavetheydelayed__________thenewschool?
A.openingB.toopen
C.havingopenedD.tohaveopened
22.She__________thekey.
A.admitedtakingB.admittedtake
C.admittedhavingtakenD.admittedtohavetaken
23.【2008上