影像学 中英文名词解释Word文档下载推荐.docx

影像学 中英文名词解释Word文档下载推荐.docx

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Airbronchogramsign:

Becausetheairinthealveoliisreplacedbyexudates,whiletheairinthebronchusisnotdisplacedandremainpatent.Thisproducescontrastbetweentheairinthebronchialtreeandthesurroundingairlessparenchyma.

Ankylosisofjoint:

bonyorfibroustissuesconnectthearticularsurface.Inplainfilm,itischaracterizedbyanarrowedarticularspace.Whetherthetrabeculaepassthroughthearticularspacedistinguishesbonyorfibrousankylosis.

Artificialcontrast:

Thoseorgansorspaceslackofnaturalcontrast，canberenderdetobevisiblebymeansofcontrastagentstocreateanartificialcontrast.

Bonedestruction:

localizedabsenceofnormalbonetissueandreplacedbypathologicaltissues.Boththecorticalandspongybonearedestructedbecauseofeithertheabsorptionofbonetissuesortheactivationofosteoclastsbythepathologicaltissue.Inplainfilm,itappearstobeadecreaseinbonedensitylocally,absenceofnormalbonetissue,andprobablyworm-eatenorsievelikecorticalbone.

Cavity:

formedasaresultoftheexpulsionofnecrotictissuesthroughbronchus.Itcanbedevidedintoworm-eaten,thin-walled,andthick-walledcavities.oftenseeninTB,pulmonaryabscess,andlungcancer.

Codman’triangle:

Codman’triangleisduetodirecterosionofthealreadyformedperiostealnewbonebyfastgrowingtumor.

Colles’fracture:

Thefracturelineiswithin2-3cmfromthearticularendoftheradius,thedistalfragmentisdisplaceddorsallyandradiallyandisoftenassociatedwithfractureofthestyloidprocessoftheulnaandseparationoftheradioulnarjoint.

CTR:

theratiobetweenmaximaltransversediameteroftheheart:

summationofmaximaldiameterfromleftandrightmarginoftheheartrespectivelytothemidline,andmaximalwidthofthethorax:

ahorizontallinepassingthroughtherightdiaphragmaticapexbetweeninneredgesofthethorax.maximuminadults:

0.5

Degenerationofjoint:

degeneratedandnecroticarticularcartilage,replacedbyfibroustissuesgradually.Whenthebonysurfaceisinvolved,itcancausehyperostosisofthebone,whichleadstorougharticularsurface,formationofosteophyte,andossificationofligament.Itisoftenseeninweight-bearingorfrequentlyusedjoints.

Destructionofbone:

Bonetissueeliminationcausedbysclerotinpartlysubstitutedwithpathologicorganism.Roentgenologically,itshowsosteolyticboneareasofdecreaseddensityandlossofbonestructures.

Doublecontour:

OnPAfilm,therightborderofanenlargedleftatriummayproduceanextrashadowsuperimposedontherightcardiacborder,givingadoublecontour.

Earlygastriccancer:

Earlygastriccancerisdefineascarcinomalimitedtothemucosaandsubmucosaregardlessofthepresenceorabsenceoflymphnodeinvolvement.

Epiphysealfracture:

occursinchildren’slongbone,fortheepiphysishasnotlinkedwithmetaphysic,sotheymayseparatewhenthereisanexternalforceacting.Inplainfilm,theepiphysisandmetaphysisarenotinthenormalplace,ortheepiphysealplateisbroaderthannormal.Thefracturelinedoesnotexist.

FillingDefect:

Fillingdefectiscausedbyaspaceoccupingmassproducingdefectonthebarium.

Fracture:

acomplete/incompletebreakinthecontinuityofaboneoracartilage.Incompletefracturesincludecrack~andgreenstick~.Completefracturesincludetransverse,oblique,vertical,spiral,fragmented,impacted,compression,andavulsion~.

GreenstickFracture:

Greenstickfractureoccuralmostexclusivelyduringinfancyandchildhood.Itisnoteasyforexternalforcetocausethebonecortexcompletebreakbecauseofitspliant,sothiskindoffractureshowedbucklingofthecortexwithoutfracturelinesoratransverfractureoccurinthecortex,extendingintothemidportoftheboneandthenorientingalongthelongitudinalaxisofthebonewithoutdisruptingtheoppositecortex.

Hilardance:

underfluorescence,therewillbeanobviouslyenhancedpulsationofthehilararteriesinpulmonaryhypertension,seenincongenitalheartdiseaseswithleft-to-rightshunt.

Hyperostosisosteoscleroses:

osteosclerosisisabnormalhardeningorincreaseddensityofboneonradiographs

Intrapulmonaryaircontainingspace:

pathologicaldistensionofphysiologicalspaceinthelung.Itappearstobearoundtranslucencywithasmoothwallabout1mminX-rays.suchasbullaeandaircontainingbronchialcysts.

InvertedScurvesign:

PAfilm,atelectasisoftherightsuperiorlobe,elevatedhorizontalfissure,hilarmass,centralbronchogeniccarcinomaintherightsuperiorlobe

Kerleyline:

pulmonar