Rhetorical Devices文档格式.docx

Rhetorical Devices文档格式.docx

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|...thenervesofboth…wereexcessivelyfrayed…

|Thenthecourtbrokeintoastormofapplause…

|NowDarrowspranghistrumpcardbycallingBryanasawitness…

|Thetownwasstormedafterthesiege.

|Boysandgirls,tumblinginthestreetsandplaying,weremovingjewels.

|Hiswifeshothimaswift,warningglance.

|Thewordsspatforthwithsuddensavagery

|I’llspellitout.

|MarkTwain--MirrorofAmerica

|…sawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight…

|…mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation’sheart

|Thevastbasindrainedthree-quartersofthesettledUnitedStates

|Allwouldresurfaceinhisbooks…thathesoakedup…

|Mycasewouldsnowballinto…

|Ourtown…hadtakenonacircusatmosphere.

|Thestreet…sproutedwith…

|Hethunderedinhissonorousorgantones.

|…hadnotscorchedtheinfidels…

|…aftertheprelimilarysparringoverlegalities…

|…thefiligreeofthesprucetrees

|Daughteroftheforest

|Itriedanotherline

|Astreakofamber

3.metonymy转喻

Afigureofspeechthathastodowiththesubstitutionofthenameofonethingforthatofanother.Thissubstitutednamemaybeanattributeofthatotherthingorbecloselyassociatedwithit.A,B两者在某一方面密切联系，提到A就会联想到B。

但两者之间没有相似性。

Metonymycanbederivedfromvarioussources:

1）Namesofpersons

UncleSam:

theU.S.A

2）Animals

thebear:

theSovietUnion

thedragon:

theChinese

3）Partsofthebody

heart:

feelingsandemotions

head,brain:

wisdom,intelligence,reason

greyhair:

oldage

4）Profession:

thepress:

newspapers,reporters,etc

HemetthepressyesterdayeveningattheGrandHotel.

Thebar:

thelegalprofession

5）Locationofgovernment,business,etc

DowningStreet:

theBritishGovernment

TheWhiteHouse:

theUSpresidentandhisgovernment

TheCapitolHill:

USCongress

WallStreet:

USfinancialcircles

Hollywood:

Americanfilmmakingindustry

|…theredofthelivecoalsglowingbright…

|Hehasasmoothtongue.

|Hetooktothebottle.

|…tomorrowthemagazines,thebooks,thenewspapers…

|Won100atthetables

|Lostitatthebar

|They’llthrowthebook

|…hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickaxe

|TheWashingtonPost,…”keepYourOldWebster’s”

|Inshort,…writteninthelanguagethatthe3rdinternationaldescribes…

|Thosevoicesbelongedtoaworldseparatedbyaeonsfromourneatworldofsummercottagesandthelightedlampsofhome.（ourmoderncivilization）

4.Rhetoricalquestion修饰疑问句，反诘句，反问句

Itisakindofsyntacticdevice.Itisaskedforeffect,aswellastoemphasize;

noanswerexpected.

|Butcanyoudoubtwhatourpolicywillbe?

|WasInotatthesceneofthecrime?

5.Antithesis对照

Thedeliberatearrangementofcontrastingwordsorideasinbalancedstructuralformstoachieveforceandemphasis.意义相反或相对的词、短语、句子出现在对称的位置上。

|…betweenwhatpeopleclaimtobeandwhattheyreallyare…

|…tookunholyverbalshotsattheHolyLand…

|…aworldwhichwilllamentthemadayandforgetthemforever

|TheChristianbelievesthatmancameformabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthatmusthavecomefrombelow.

|Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

6.Hyperbole夸张

Adeviceofcomparisonusingexaggerationorobviousoverstatementforcomicordramaticeffect.

|…cruisethrougheternalboyhoodand…endlesssummeroffreedom

|Thecastfocharacters…--acosmos

|Thetrialthatrockedtheworld

|HisreputationasanauthorityonScriptureisrecognizedthroughouttheworld.

|Ihaven’tseenyouforages.

（1）Exaggerationbyusingnumerals:

|Thanksamillion.

|TheMiddleEasterbazaartakesyoubackhundredseventhousandsofyears.

|IseethetenthousandvillagesofRussiawherethemeansofexistenceiswrungsohardlyfromthesoil.

（2）Exaggerationbyusingcomparativeandsuperlativedegreesofadjectives

|SherlockHolmesisconsideredbymanypeopleasthegreatestdetectiveinfictionalliterature.

|TherewasneverachildwholovedherfathermorethanIdo.

|Ineversawaprettiersight.

|Youwritetentimesbetterthananymanintheclass.

（3）Exaggerationbyusingextravagantadjectives:

|…wheregoodsofeveryconceivablekindaresold.

|Theburnishedcoppercontainerscatchesthelightofinnumerablelampsandbraziers.

|Theapprenticeswereincrediblyyoung.

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