#中西饮食文化差异的餐桌礼仪对比Word文件下载.docx
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#中西饮食文化差异的餐桌礼仪对比@#@OnthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternfoodculture@#@Chaptr1@#@IntroductionFoodisthemostimportantmaterialinmaintainingourlifeandimprovingthequalityofourbodies,andisbasicforthedevelopmentaswell.Anoldsayinggoeslikethis“foodistheheaventothepeople”,whichmeansthatfoodranksthefirstinallourneeds.weshouldeatanddrinkbeforeweengageourselvesinthecourseofpolitics,science,art,andreligionact’sallproducingactivitiesofhuman,especiallyfoodproductionbecomeabasicconditionofthewholehistory.Foodissofundamentaltoourlifesothatalltheotheraspectsofourlivingaredeterminedbyit,builtonit,andlimitedbyit.Sincethehumanbeingcookwithfireforthefirsttimeandcometoacivilianage,thefoodweeathasbeguntobeofculturalproperty.Itisnotahistoryofsub-humaneatinganddrinking,butahistoryinwhichthehumanbeingconquersthenature,changethenature,andgetadaptedtonaturetoexistanddevelop.Andinthishistoricprocess,thehumangraduallyformeditsfoodculture.Foodasacategoryofculture,helpsustounderstandeveryareaoftheorientalandoccidentalworld.WithChineseentrytotheworld,plentyofthingswhicharefreshtous,atonceflocktoourcountry.Amongthem,ofcourse,foodcultureofothernationscomeintoourtoo.Nowadays,manypeopleoutofcuriosity,tastedifferencesortoffoodofothercountries.Butfewofthemthesepeoplereallygrasptheessenceofthefoodculture.Whilethefoodofoneplacecanreflectitsculture,soitisnecessaryforustolearnthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternfoodculture.@#@ @#@@#@ @#@@#@Chapter2Definitionoffoodculture@#@Foodcultureisanimportantpartofhumanculture.Ithastwodefinitionsinbroadsenseandnarrowsense.Inthebroadsense,foodculturehassomethingincommonwithcookingculture,anditisconsideredasthecounterpartofthelatter.Generallyspeaking,cookingculturereferstothetotalamountofmaterialandspirittreasurewhichiscreatedandaccumulatedduringthelongperiodoffoodproductionandprocessionbythehumanbeing.Itisaboutwhatfoodhumanmakes,andhowtomake.Itincludesthefoodingredient,cookingtool,cookingskillandsoon.Inthenarrowsense,foodculturereferstothesum-upofmaterialandspirittreasurecreatedandpasseddowninthelongperiodofhumaneatingthefoodproduct.Itisaboutwhathumaneat,andhowtoeatandwhyeatsuchfoodetc.Itincludesthevarietyoffood,thetoolusesineating,thecustomsofeating,andtheserviceofeatingact.Inaword,cookingculturecometobirthinthecourseoffoodproductionandprocession.Itisaproductionculture,whilefoodcultureinthenarrowsenseisakindofconsumingculture,whichcometobirthinthecourseoffoodconsuming.Theproductionandtheconsumingistightlyconnectedtoeachother.Ifthereisnocookingculture,theywillbenofoodculture.Thefirstoneisthepremiseofthelatter.Thelatterisderivedfromthefirstone.Thus,weusuallydefinefoodcultureinbroadsensethatisthesum-upofcookingcultureandeatingculture.@#@ @#@@#@ @#@@#@Chapter3ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternfoodculture@#@Chinahasalonghistoryof5000years,whilethewesthasoneofaboutsixhundredyears.Chinahasafoodculturethatiscolorful,profoundandexcellent,whilethewesthasitsownspecialculture.Nowwe’dliketotalkaboutthedifferencesbetweenthesetwoculturesfromthefollowingaspects.@#@3.1 @#@ @#@ @#@ @#@ @#@ @#@thedifferenceofideaaboutfood@#@WhatChinesepeoplecareaboutisthedeliciousnessoffood.Theyemphasizetheideaofusingsomecookingskillstouniteandharmonizethetastesoffoodswhichhavedifferentnaturalproperties,Chinesepeoplevaluethesimilarityofdifferentthings.Accordingtotheirtraditionalidea,theytendtoseektherelationshipbetweentwodifferentobjects,andmakethemchangetoeachother.Sotheyvaluetheunityofdifferenttastesandtheyalwaystrytoharmonizefoodofdifferentnaturalpropertiesintoone.Forexample,inShandongdishes,porkandsoybeanoilareinterdependentandtheircombinationcanalmostmakealldishesbeoffantasticsmellofporkandcolorofsoybean.Itthusmakefoodofdifferentnaturesgetunification.Sowesee,mediocrityisthethemeofChinesecookingculture.Sincethewesternersbelieveinseparationoftheuniverseandhumanintheirculturalspiritandthinkingmodel,emphasizetheformandstructureandvaluetheclearness,theyformaspecialideaaboutthefoodscience.Theveryideaisthatecologicalbeliefinseparationoftheuniverseandhumanworld,properideaofbalancednutrient.Intheiropinion,oneshouldchoosehisfoodonlyaccordingtohisneedasanindependentindividualandthebalancedrequirementofallkindsofnutrientsforeachpartofhisbody.The