浙江高考英语二轮全程练习第三部分阅读理解技法与文体Word文档格式.docx

浙江高考英语二轮全程练习第三部分阅读理解技法与文体Word文档格式.docx

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（1）寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：

找出每小段的主题句。

主题句通常有这样的特点：

①有一个话题（topic）；

②有阐述控制性概念（controllingidea），偶尔也可在一段中间；

③有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中。

这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。

（2）寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上。

应观察全文的结构安排，理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”，考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。

【高考经典练】

（2015·

四川卷，D）Theircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter'

sday.Butrobinsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.Robinsaresingingallnight—aswellasduringtheday，British－basedresearcherssay.

DavidDominoni，ofGlasgowUniversity，saidthatlightfromstreetlamps，takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'

biologicalclock，leadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.

DrDominoni，whoisputtingcamerasinsidenestingboxestotracksleepingpatterns，saidlackofsleepcouldputthebirds'

healthatrisk.Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelab，itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.Andthemorebirdsareexposedtolight，themoreactivetheyareatnight.

Hetoldpeopleataconference，“Therehavebeenacoupleofstudiessuggestingtheyareincreasingtheirsongoutputatnightandduringthedaytheyarestillsinging.Singingisacostlybehaviourandittakesenergy.Sobyincreasingtheirsongoutput，theremightbesomecostsofenergy.”

Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal．DrDominonisaid，“InGlasgowwhereIlive，gullsareaseriousproblem.Ihavepeoplecomingtomesaying‘Youarethebirdexpert.Canyouhelpuskillthesegulls？

’．Duringthebreeding（繁殖）season，betweenAprilandJune，theyareveryactiveatnightandverynoisyandpeoplecan'

tsleep.”

AlthoughDrDominonihasonlystudiedlightpollution，otherresearchconcludedthatrobinslivinginnoisycitieshavestartedtosingatnighttomakethemselvesheardoverloudnoise.

However，somebirdsthrive（兴旺）innoisyenvironments.AstudyfromCaliforniaPolytechnicUniversityfoundmorehummingbirdsinareaswithheavyindustrialmachinery.Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators（天敌）fleeingtoquieterareas.

1．AccordingtoDrDominoni'

sstudy，whatcausedrobinstosingsomuch?

A．Thebreedingseason.

B．Thelightinmodernlife.

C．Thedangerousenvironment.

D．Thenoisefromheavymachinery.

2．Whatistheresearchers'

concernovertheincreaseofbirds'

songoutput?

A．Theenvironmentmightbepolluted.

B．Thebirds'

healthmightbedamaged.

C．Theindustrycostmightbeincreased.

D．Thepeople'

shearingmightbeaffected.

3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”inParagraph5mean?

A．Activeatnight.

B．Inactiveatnight.

C．Activeduringtheday.

D．Inactiveduringtheday.

4．Whydosomebirdsthriveinnoisyenvironments?

A．Becausetherearefewerdangers.

B．Becausethereismorefoodtoeat.

C．Becausethereislesslightpollution.

D．Becausetherearemoreplacestotakeshelter.

Ⅱ.能力提升练

A

Recyclingprogramsusuallygivenewlifetomaterialslikepaper，metal，plasticandglass.ButaprogramintheeasternAmericaisrecyclingshellfishtohelptheChesapeakeBay.

Oysters（牡蛎）isknowntohelpcleanthewater.Besides，generationupongenerationofoystersformreefs，whichprovidehomesforfishandcrabs.

OystersareatraditionintheChesapeake.Theyaregoodforthebay.Butenvironmentaldamageandtoomuchharvestinghavecuttheoysterpopulationthere.

AnorganizationcalledtheOysterRecoveryPartnershipstartedtherecyclingprogramearlierthisyear.Babyoystersneedtoattachthemselvestoashellorotherhardsurfaceastheygrow.Scientistsareusingrecycledshellsaspartofanoysterreproduction（繁殖）program.Morethan15restaurants，seafooddealersandotherbusinesseshavejoinedtheOysterRecoveryPartnership.MarylandandVirginiaarealsotakingpartintheprogram.

OneoftherestaurantsinvolvedisinWashington.OystersareaspecialtyattheOldEbbittGrill.ItsmanagerChristianGuidisaystheyserveabout1500to3000oystersadayandthatobviouslydoescreatealotofshells.

Buttherestaurantnolongerthrowsawayallthoseshells.TheOysterRecoveryPartnershiptakesthemawayforrecycling.

Firsttheshellsgetwashed.ThentheygototheCenterforEnvironmentalScienceattheUniversityofMarylandforfurtherprocessing.

Theshellsareplacedintankswithhundredsofmillionsofoysterlarvae（幼虫）．Inthisway，thebabyoysterscanberaiseduntiltheyhavegrownbigenoughtobemovedtotheChesapeake.

Thisyear，theOysterRecoveryPartnershiphelpedproduceandplantmorethan450millionbabyoystersinthebay.

DonMerittheadstheoysterrecoveryprogramattheUniversityofMaryland.Hesaysthegoalisnotjusttoincreasetheoysterpopulation.Their