江西省赣州市信丰县信丰中学学年高二英语练习5Word文档格式.docx

江西省赣州市信丰县信丰中学学年高二英语练习5Word文档格式.docx

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（共10小题；

每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 

和 

D）中选出最佳选项，并将答案涂在答题卡上。

A

CharlesLyell,agreatyouth,haddifferentideas.HewroteabookaboutthemcalledPrinciplesofGeology.Theearth,accordingtoLyell,wasnotonlythousandsofyearsold;

itwasmillionsofyearsold.Astothecommonbeliefthatchangesintheearth’ssurfacehappensuddenlybecauseofasingleearthquakeorflood,hesaidthatthismighthappenonceinawhile,butusuallythesechangestookplaceveryslowly.Hebelievedthatthesurfaceoftheearthhadbeenchangingfromthebeginningoftime.Thechanges,hesaid,werecausedbythelong-termactionofthewindsandseas,andbyforcessuchasvolcanoesbreakingoutundertheearth’ssurface.Onceinagreatwhilehethought,amountainmightappearforthefirsttimeafteranearthquake.Butusuallymountainswouldexperienceaslowandsteadyrise.

AprofessornamedHenslowwasinterestedinLyell’sideas,buthedidnotactuallybelievethem.CharlesDarwincouldnotmakeuphismindaboutthem.Buttheysethimthinkingalonglineswhichwouldlaterchangethebeliefsofthoughtfulpeopleunderthesun.

Atthe 

University 

of 

Cambridge,CharlesDarwinstudiedjustenoughtopasstheexamination,andreceivedhiscollegedegreein1831.Duringthistime,hehadbecomemoreandmoreinterestedingeology.Attheendoftheschoolyear,hewentto 

NorthWales 

withoneofhisteacherstoexaminetherockformationsandtosearchforfossils.Fossilsaretheremainsofancientlivingthings.Theyareusuallyfixedinrocksintheearth’scrust.Fossilsmaybeofanimals,suchasfish,insects,birds,orhumans.Theymaybeofplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees.Whenalivingcreaturedies,itusuallydecaysoriseatenbyanimals.However,ifitsinksintoariverbedorisquicklycoveredbytheblowingsandsofadesertstorm,thebonesarekeptupintheearth.Overmanyyearsthesoftinnerpartsofabonedisappear,leavingtheinsidehollow.Watercontainingmineralsentersintothehollow.Slowlythemineralshardenandmakethebonehardandheavylikebonesoverthetime.

1.

AccordingtoCharlesLyell,mountainscameintoexistence___________. 

A. 

notbecauseofvolcanoesbutbecauseofseas

B. 

quicklyinsteadofsteadily

C. 

moreonaccountofanearthquakethanofwinds

D. 

atquiteaslowrateratherthanallofasudden

2.CharlesLyellprobablyholdsthebeliefthattheeart

hhasbeenformedliketoday’sshape_____________.

A.fromtheverybeginningoftime

B.overaratherlongcourseoftime

C.justduetoscoresofbigearthquakes

D.owingtoaverylongperiodofbigflood

3. 

Whatis 

Darwin’smainpurposeofgoingto 

?

Tocollectdeadanimalsandplants

Todoresearchintotherockinformation

Tomakearesearchintofossilseverexisting

Tosearchforvarietiesoftinyorhugeplants

4. 

CharlesDarwin,unlikeProfessorHenslow,___________. 

turnedLyell’sideasoverbeforedevelopingthemlater

thoughtaboutwhatpeoplethoughtaboutthethenworld

didmakeuphismindnottoacceptLyell’sideas

failedtothinkofLyell’sideasasright

5. 

What’syouropinionaboutCharlesDarwin’sstudyatcollege?

Excellent 

B.Undistinguished 

C.Diligent 

D.Disappointing

B

Overthreemillionpeopleareatriskfromindoorairpollutionbecauseoftheheatingorcookingfuels.MostliveinAfrica, 

India 

and 

China.Theyusefuelslikewood,cropwaste,animalwasteorcoal.Thesefuelsmaybetheleastcostlyfuels.Buttheyarealsoamajorcauseofhealthproblemsanddeath.

Formorethanthirtyyears,the 

Aprovecho 

Research 

Center 

hasbeendesigningcleaner,low-costcookingstoves.DeanStillisthedirectorofthegroupandhepointsoutthateveryyearmorethanonemillionandfivehundred

thousandpeoplediefrombreathingsmokefromsolidfuels.“Andhalfofthepeopleusewoodforcooking.Thesearethepoorerpeople,andthericherpeopleuseoilandgas.It’sestimatedthatwoodisrunningoutmorequicklythanoilandgas.Andsoit’svery

importantforthepoorerpeopletohaveveryefficientstovesthatprotecttheirforestsandtheirhealth,”hesays.

EveryyearAprovechoholdsa“stovecamp”atitstestingstation.Engineers,inventorsandotherscometogethertodesignandtestdifferentmethodsandmaterialsforimprovingstoves.Overtheyears,thegrouphasmadestovesusingmud,bricks,sheetmetal,etc,mostofwhichlooklikelarge,deepcookingpotsandhaveanopeningatthebottomforthefireandaplaceontoptoputapot.

Inthelatenineteenseventies,AprovechoproducedapopularstovecalledtheLorena.TheLorenawasverygoodatreducingsmokea