变电站施工建设外文系翻译中英文Word文件下载.docx

变电站施工建设外文系翻译中英文Word文件下载.docx

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（含：

英文原文及中文译文）

文献出处：

PowerSystemProtection&

Control,2013,3（5）:

63-68.

英文原文

GeneralRequirementstoConstructionofSubstation

CarpentierJenny

Substationsareavitalelementinapowersupplysystemofindustrialenterprises.Theyservetoreceive,convertanddistributeelectricenergy.Dependingonpowerandpurpose,thesubstationsaredividedintocentraldistributionsubstationsforavoltageof110-500kV;

mainstep-downsubstationsfor110-220/6-10-35kV;

deepentrancesubstationsfor110-330/6-10kV;

distributionsubstationsfor6-10kV;

shoptransformersubstationsfor6-10/0.38-themainstep-downsubstations,theenergyreceivedfromthepowersourceistransformedfrom110-220kVusuallyto6-10kV（sometimes35kV）whichisdistributedamongsubstationsoftheenterpriseandisfedtohigh-voltageservices.

Centraldistributionsubstationsreceiveenergyfrompowersystemsanddistributeit（withoutorwithpartialtransformation）viaaerialandcablelinesofdeepentrancesatavoltageof110-220kVovertheenterpriseterritory.Centraldistributionsubstationdiffersfromthemaindistributionsubstationinahigherpowerandinthatbulkofitspowerisatavoltageof110-220kV;

itfeaturessimplifiedswitchingcircuitsatprimaryvoltage;

itisfedfromthepowertoanindividualobjectorregion.Low-andmedium-powershopsubstationstransformenergyfrom6-10kVtoasecondaryvoltageof380/220or660/380.

Step-uptransformersubstationsareusedatpowerplantsfortransformationofenergyproducedbythegeneratorstoahighervoltagewhichdecreaseslossesatalong-distancetransmission.ConvertersubstationsareintendedtoconvertACtoDC（sometimesviceversa）andtoconvertenergyofonefrequencytoanother.Convertersubstationswithsemiconductorrectifiersareconvertenergyofonefrequencytoanother.Convertersubstationswithsemiconductorrectifiersaremosteconomic.Distributionsubstationsfor6-10kVarefedprimarilyfrommaindistributionsubstations（sometimesfromcentraldistributionsubstations）.

Withasystemofdividingsubstationsfor110-220kV,thefunctionsofaswitch-gearareaccomplishedbyswitch-gearsfor6-10kVatdeepentrancesubstations.

Dependingonlocationofsubstationstheirswitch-gearmaybeoutdoororindoor.Thefeedandoutputlinesat6-10kVsubstationsaremainlyofthecabletype.at35-220kVsubstationsoftheaerialtype.Whenerectingandwiringthesubstations,majorattentionisgiventoreliableandeconomicpowersupplyofagivenproduction.Substationsareerectedbyindustrialmethodswiththeuseoflargeblocksandassembliespreparedatthesiteshopsofelectricengineeringorganizationsandfactoriesofelectricalengineeringindustry.Substationsareusuallydesignedforoperationwithoutcontinuousattendanceofthedutypersonnelbutwiththeuseofelementaryautomaticandsignalingdevices.

Whenconstructingthestructuralpartofasubstation.itisadvisabletouselight-weightindustrialstructuresandelements（panels,floors,etc.）madeofbentsections.Theseelementsarepre-madeoutsidetheerectionzoneandareonlyassembledatsite.Thisconsiderablycutsthetermsandcostofconstruction.

Basiccircuitryconceptsofsubstationsarechosenwhendesigningapowersupplysystemoftheenterprise.Substationsfeatureprimaryvoltage 

entrances.transformersandoutputcablelinesorcurrentconductorsofsecondaryvoltage.Substationsaremountedfromequipmentandelementsdescribedbelow.Thenumberofpossiblecombinationsofequipmentandelementsisverygreat.Whenelaboratingasubstationcircuitry,itisnecessarytostriveformaximumsimplificationandminimizingthenumberofswitchingdevices.Suchsubstationsaremorereliableandeconomic.Circuitryissimplifiedbyusingautomaticenclosureorautomaticchangeovertoreservefacilitywhichallowsrapidandfaultlessredundancyofindividualelementsandusingequipment.

Whendesigningtransformersubstationsofindustrialenterprisesforallvoltages,thefollowingbasicconsiderationsaretakenintoaccount:

1.Preferableemploymentofasingle-bussystemwithusingtwo-bussystemsonlytoensureareliableandeconomicpowersupply;

2.Wideuseofunitizedconstructionsandbustlessubstations;

3.Substantiatedemploymentofautomaticsandtelemetry;

ifthesubstationdesigndoesnotenvisagetheuseofautomaticsortelemetry,thecircuitryissoarrangedastoallowforaddingsuchequipmentinfuturewithoutexcessiveinvestmentsandre-work.4.Useofsimpleandcheapdevices-isolatingswitches,short-circuitingswitches,load-breakingisolators,fuses,withdueregardfortheirswitchingcapacitymaydrasticallycuttheneedforexpensiveandcriticaloil,vacuum,solenoidandairswitches.Substationandswitch-gearcircuitriesaresomadethatusingtheequipmentofeachproductionlineisfedfrom