变电站施工建设外文系翻译中英文Word文件下载.docx

1、 （含：英文原文及中文译文） 文献出处： Power System Protection & Control, 2013, 3（5）:63-68.英文原文 General Requirements to Construction of SubstationCarpentier JennySubstations are a vital element in a power supply system of industrial enterprises. They serve to receive , convert and distribute electric energy .Dependin

2、g on power and purpose ,the substations are divided into central distribution substations for a voltage of 110-500kV;main step-down substations for110-220/6-10-35kV;deep entrance substations for 110-330/6-10kV;distribution substations for 6-10kV;shop transformer substations for 6-10/0.38- the main s

3、tep-down substations, the energy received from the power source is transformed from 110-220kV usually to 6-10kV（sometimes 35kV） which is distributed among substations of the enterprise and is fed to high-voltage services.Central distribution substations receive energy from power systems and distribu

4、te it （without or with partial transformation） via aerial and cable lines of deep entrances at a voltage of 110-220kV over the enterprise territory .Central distribution substation differs from the main distribution substation in a higher power and in that bulk of its power is at a voltage of 110-22

5、0kV;it features simplified switching circuits at primary voltage; it is fed from the power to an individual object or region .Low-and medium-power shop substations transform energy from 6-10kV to a secondary voltage of 380/220 or 660/380.Step-up transformer substations are used at power plants for t

6、ransformation of energy produced by the generators to a higher voltage which decreases losses at a long-distance transmission .Converter substations are intended to convert AC to DC （sometimes vice versa） and to convert energy of one frequency to another .Converter substations with semiconductor rec

7、tifiers are convert energy of one frequency to another .Converter substations with semiconductor rectifiers are most economic. Distribution substations for 6-10kV are fed primarily from main distribution substations （sometimes from central distribution substations）.With a system of dividing substati

8、ons for 110-220kV , the functions of a switch-gear are accomplished by switch-gears for 6-10kV at deep entrance substations.Depending on location of substations their switch-gear may be outdoor or indoor. The feed and output lines at 6-10kV substations are mainly of the cable type .at 35-220kV subst

9、ations of the aerial type .When erecting and wiring the substations, major attention is given to reliable and economic power supply of a given production. Substations are erected by industrial methods with the use of large blocks and assemblies prepared at the site shops of electric engineering orga

10、nizations and factories of electrical engineering industry .Substations are usually designed for operation without continuous attendance of the duty personnel but with the use of elementary automatic and signaling devices.When constructing the structural part of a substation .it is advisable to use

11、light-weight industrial structures and elements （panels ,floors ,etc.） made of bent sections .These elements are pre-made outside the erection zone and are only assembled at site .This considerably cuts the terms and cost of construction.Basic circuitry concepts of substations are chosen when design

12、ing a power supply system of the enterprise .Substations feature primary voltageentrances .transformers and output cable lines or current conductors of secondary voltage .Substations are mounted from equipment and elements described below .The number of possible combinations of equipment and element

13、s is very great .When elaborating a substation circuitry ,it is necessary to strive for maximum simplification and minimizing the number of switching devices .Such substations are more reliable and economic .Circuitry is simplified by using automatic enclosure or automatic change over to reserve fac

14、ility which allows rapid and faultless redundancy of individual elements and using equipment.When designing transformer substations of industrial enterprises for all voltages, the following basic considerations are taken into account:1. Preferable employment of a single-bus system with using two-bus

15、 systems only to ensure a reliable and economic power supply;2. Wide use of unitized constructions and bustles substations;3.Substantiated employment of automatics and telemetry ;if the substation design does not envisage the use of automatics or telemetry ,the circuitry is so arranged as to allow f

16、or adding such equipment in future without excessive investments and re-work. 4.Use of simple and cheap devices-isolating switches ,short-circuiting switches ,load-breaking isolators ,fuses ,with due regard for their switching capacity may drastically cut the need for expensive and critical oil ,vacuum ,solenoid and air switches .Substation and switch-gear circuitries are so made that using the equipment of each production line is fed from