英语六级真题含答案共3套Word下载.docx

英语六级真题含答案共3套Word下载.docx

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Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Amongthegovernment’smostinterestingreportsisonethatestimateswhatparentsspendontheirchildren.Notsurprisingly,thecostsaresteep.Foramiddle-class,husband-and-wifefamily（averagepretaxincomein2009:

$76,250）,spendingperchildisabout$12,000ayear.Withinflationthefamily’sspendingonachildwilltotal$286,050byage17.

Thedrystatisticsoughttoinformtheongoingdeficitdebate,becauseabudgetisnotjustacatalogofprogramsandtaxes.Itreflectsasociety’sprioritiesandvalues.Oursocietydoesnot—despiterhetoric（说辞）tothecontrary—putmuchvalueonraisingchildren.Presentbudgetpoliciestaxparentsheavilytosupporttheelderly.Meanwhile,taxbreaksforchildrenaremodest.Ifdeficitreductionaggravatesthesebiases,moreAmericansmaychoosenottohavechildrenortohavefewerchildren.Downthatpathlieseconomicdecline.

Societiesthatcannotreplacetheirpopulationsdiscourageinvestmentandinnovation.Theyhavestagnant（萧条的）orshrinkingmarketsforgoodsandservices.Witholderpopulations,theyresistchange.Tostabilizeitspopulation—discountingimmigration—womenmusthaveanaverageoftwochildren.That’safertilityrateof2.0.Manycountrieswithstrugglingeconomiesarewellbelowthat.

Thoughhavingachildisadeeplypersonaldecision,it’sshapedbyculture,religion,economics,andgovernmentpolicy.“Noonehasagoodanswer”astowhyfertilityvariesamongcountries,sayssociologistAndrewCherlinofTheJohnsHopkinsUniversity.ErodingreligiousbeliefinEuropemaypartlyexplainloweredbirthrates.InJapanyoungwomenmayberebellingagainsttheirmothers’isolatedlivesofchildrearing.Generaloptimismandpessimismcount.HopefulnessfueledAmerica’sbabyboom.AftertheSovietUnion’scollapse,saysCherlin,“anxietyforthefuture”depressedbirthratesinRussiaandEasternEurope.

Inpoorsocieties,peoplehavechildrentoimprovetheireconomicwell-beingbyincreasingthenumberoffamilyworkersandprovidingsupportsforparentsintheiroldage.Inwealthysocieties,thelogicoftenreverses.Governmentnowsupportstheelderly,diminishingtheneedforchildren.Bysomestudies,thesafetynetsforretireeshavereducedfertilityratesby0.5childrenintheUnitedStatesandalmost1.0inWesternEurope,reportseconomistRobertSteininthejournalNationalAffairs.Similarly,somecouplesdon’thavechildrenbecausetheydon’twanttosacrificetheirownlifestylestothelimeandexpenseofafamily.

YoungAmericansalreadyfaceableaklabormarketthatcannotinstill（注入）confidenceabouthavingchildren.Pilingonhighertaxeswon’thelp,“Ifhighertaxesmakeitmoreexpensivetoraisechildren,”saysNicholasEberstadtoftheAmericanEnterpriseInstitute,“peoplewillthinktwiceabouthavinganotherchild.”Thatseemslikecommonsense,despitethemultipleinfluencesonbecomingparents.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56.Whatdowelearnfromthegovernmentreport?

A）Inflationincreasesfamilies’expenses.

B）Raisingchildrenisgettingexpensive.

C）Budgetreductioninaroundthecorner.

D）Averagefamilyexpenditureisincreasing.

57.Whatissaidtobetheconsequenceofashrinkingpopulation?

A）Weakenednationalstrength.C）Economicdownturn.

B）Increasedimmigration.D）Socialinstability.

58.WhataccountedforAmerica’sbabyboom?

A）Optimismforthefuture.C）Religiousbeliefs.

B）Improvedlivingconditions.D）Economicprosperity.

59.Whydopeopleinwealthycountriesprefertohavefewerchildren?

A）Theywanttofurtherimprovetheireconomicwell-being.

B）Theycannotaffordthetimeandexpensesofrearingchildren.

C）Theyareconcernedaboutthefutureofthecominggeneration.

D）Theydon’trelyontheirchildrentosupporttheminoldage.

60.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A）Toinstillconfidenceintheyoungaboutraisingchildren.

B）Toadvisecouplestothinktwicebeforehavingchildren.

C）Toencouragetheyoungtotakecareoftheelderly.

D）Toappealfortaxreductionforraisingchildren.

PassageTwo

Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Spaceexplorationhasalwaysbeentheprovinceofdreamers:

Thehumanimaginationreadilysoarswherehumaningenuity（创造力）strugglestofollow.AVoyagetotheMoon,oftencitedasthefirstsciencefictionstory,waswrittenbyCyranodeBergeracin1649.Cyranowasdeadandburiedforagoodthreecenturiesbeforethefirstmannedro