宾语从句和表语从句详解与练习Word格式.doc
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我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。
引导名词性从句的连接词中,除了that,if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。
【宾语从句】
在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的词有连词that,whether,if;
连接代词who,which,what以及其强调形式whoever,whichever,whatever;
连接副词when,where,why,how等。
DoyouknowwheretheGreenslive?
Ihavenointerestinhowrichheis.
宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构:
1.由that引导的宾语从句(that引导宾语从句时,特别是在口语中可省略)
Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.
that引导的宾语从句多用于say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等后。
当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
例如:
Idon’tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.(=Ithinkitisnotrightforhim….)
that不能省略的情况:
(1)当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。
如:
Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthathewasaskednot
totellyou.
(2)当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。
JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreen
coatandhisblacksilkcap.
(3)当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。
Ican’ttellhimthathismotherdied.
2.由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
用于这种结构的动词常常是:
see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。
Ican’tdecidewhichbookIshouldbuy.
3.由whether(if)引导的宾语从句
Iwonderwhether(if)theywillcometoourparty.
由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。
意思是“是否”。
宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用。
4.宾语从句后带有宾补时,需用it作形式宾语,而把宾语从句放在句后,这时that不省略。
Hethoughtitwrongthattheyleftthechildaloneathome.
【表语从句】
在句子中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
引导表语从句的词有连词that,whether;
连接代词who,what,which;
连接副词when,where,how,why以及其它连词asif,asthough,because等。
Thequestioniswhetheritisworthreading.
TheyarejustwhatIwant.
That’swhytheywerelate.
1.含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是fact,truth,explanation,problem,opinion,view等。
如:
Thefactisthatfishcan'
tgowithoutwater.
事实是鱼离开水不能存活。
2.asif(asthough)也可以用于表语从句。
但多是以下面形式出现。
主语+look(seem)asif+从句
Itlookedasifitwasgoingtosnow.
Itseemsasiftherewillbeaquarrelsoon.
注意:
不用if引导表语从句。
reason做主语时,表语从句应由that引导,不用because。
that引导表语从句时,通常不能省略。
专项练习
1.—IflewtoNewYorkforthetalkshowonTVlastweek.
—Isthat______youhadafewdaysoff?
A.why B.when C.what D.where
2.Iaskher_____comewithme.
A.ifshewill B.ifwillshe
C.whetherwillshe D.willshe
3.Itwasamatterof_______wouldtaketheposition.
A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever
4.Canyoutellme________?
A.whoisthatgentlemanis B.thatgentlemaniswho
C.whothatgentlemanis D.whomisthatgentleman
5.Canyoutellme________therailwaystation?
A.howIcangetto B.whatcanIgetto
C.whereIcangotto D.wherecanIgetto
6.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild________heorshewants.
A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever
7.Doyouknow________?
A.whatishisname B.howishisname
C.whathisnameis D.howhisnameis
8.Goandgetyourcoat.It'
s________youleftit.
A.there B.where C.therewhere D.wherethere
9.Iwonderhowmuch________.
A.doesthewatchcost B.didthewatchcost
C.thewatchcosted D.thewatchcosts
10.Itwas_____hesaid_____disappointedme.
A.what;
that B.that;
that
C.what;
what D.that;
what
11."
IsMaryfromNewYorkCity?
"
"
Idon'
tknow_______."
A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefrom
B.fromwhatcityshecome
C.whatcitydoesshecomefrom
D.whatcityshecomesfrom
12.Henrykilledthedog.I'
llaskhimwhy________.
A.didhedothat B.hedidthat
C.hedid D.hehasdoneso
13.HaveyouseenHenrylately?
Mybosswantstoknow________.
A.howheisgettingalong
B.howishegettingalong
C.whatheisgettingalong
D.whatishegettingalong
14.Iamsure________hesaidistrue.
A.that B.aboutthat C.ofthat D.thatwhat
15.Youcan’timagine________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
A.howtheywereexcited B.howexcitedtheywere
C.howexcitedwerethey D.theywerehowexcited
16.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.
A.