计算机外文翻译英文文献中英版仓库管理系统WMSWord下载.docx
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WarehouseManagementSystems(WMS).
Theevolutionofwarehousemanagementsystems(WMS)isverysimilartothatofmanyothersoftwaresolutions.Initiallyasystemtocontrolmovementandstorageofmaterialswithinawarehouse,theroleofWMSisexpandingtoincludinglightmanufacturing,transportationmanagement,ordermanagement,andcompleteaccountingsystems.Tousethegrandfatherofoperations-relatedsoftware,MRP,asacomparison,materialrequirementsplanning(MRP)startedasasystemforplanningrawmaterialrequirementsinamanufacturingenvironment.SoonMRPevolvedintomanufacturingresourceplanning(MRPII),whichtookthebasicMRPsystemandaddedschedulingandcapacityplanninglogic.EventuallyMRPIIevolvedintoenterpriseresourceplanning(ERP),incorporatingalltheMRPIIfunctionalitywithfullfinancialsandcustomerandvendormanagementfunctionality.Now,whetherWMSevolvingintoawarehouse-focusedERPsystemisagoodthingornotisuptodebate.WhatisclearisthattheexpansionoftheoverlapinfunctionalitybetweenWarehouseManagementSystems,EnterpriseResourcePlanning,DistributionRequirementsPlanning,TransportationManagementSystems,SupplyChainPlanning,AdvancedPlanningandScheduling,andManufacturingExecutionSystemswillonlyincreasethelevelofconfusionamongcompanieslookingforsoftwaresolutionsfortheiroperations.
EventhoughWMScontinuestogainaddedfunctionality,theinitialcorefunctionalityofaWMShasnotreallychanged.TheprimarypurposeofaWMSistocontrolthemovementandstorageofmaterialswithinanoperationandprocesstheassociatedtransactions.Directedpicking,directedreplenishment,anddirectedputawayarethekeytoWMS.ThedetailedsetupandprocessingwithinaWMScanvarysignificantlyfromonesoftwarevendortoanother,howeverthebasiclogicwilluseacombinationofitem,location,quantity,unitofmeasure,andorderinformationtodeterminewheretostock,wheretopick,andinwhatsequencetoperformtheseoperations.
Atabareminimum,aWMSshould:
Haveaflexiblelocationsystem.
Utilizeuser-definedparameterstodirectwarehousetasksanduselivedocumentstoexecutethesetasks.
Havesomebuilt-inlevelofintegrationwithdatacollectiondevices.
DoYouReallyNeedWMS?
NoteverywarehouseneedsaWMS.CertainlyanywarehousecouldbenefitfromsomeofthefunctionalitybutisthebenefitgreatenoughtojustifytheinitialandongoingcostsassociatedwithWMS?
WarehouseManagementSystemsarebig,complex,dataintensive,applications.Theytendtorequirealotofinitialsetup,alotofsystemresourcestorun,andalotofongoingdatamanagementtocontinuetorun.That’sright,youneedto"
manage"
yourwarehouse"
management"
system.Oftentimes,largeoperationswillendupcreatinganewISdepartmentwiththesoleresponsibilityofmanagingtheWMS.
TheClaims:
WMSwillreduceinventory!
WMSwillreducelaborcosts!
WMSwillincreasestoragecapacity!
WMSwillincreasecustomerservice!
WMSwillincreaseinventoryaccuracy!
TheReality:
TheimplementationofaWMSalongwithautomateddatacollectionwilllikelygiveyouincreasesinaccuracy,reductioninlaborcosts(providedthelaborrequiredtomaintainthesystemislessthanthelaborsavedonthewarehousefloor),andagreaterabilitytoservicethecustomerbyreducingcycletimes.Expectationsofinventoryreductionandincreasedstoragecapacityarelesslikely.Whileincreasedaccuracyandefficienciesinthereceivingprocessmayreducethelevelofsafetystockrequired,theimpactofthisreductionwilllikelybenegligibleincomparisontooverallinventorylevels.Thepredominantfactorsthatcontrolinventorylevelsarelotsizing,leadtimes,anddemandvariability.ItisunlikelythataWMSwillhaveasignificantimpactonanyofthesefactors.AndwhileaWMScertainlyprovidesthetoolsformoreorganizedstoragewhichmayresultinincreasedstoragecapacity,thisimprovementwillberelativetojusthowsloppyyourpre-WMSprocesseswere.
Beyondlaborefficiencies,thedeterminingfactorsindecidingtoimplementaWMStendtobemoreoftenassociatedwiththeneedtodosomethingtoserviceyourcustomersthatyourcurrentsystemdoesnotsupport(ordoesnotsupportwell)suchasfirst-in-first-out,cross-docking,automatedpickreplenishment,wavepicking,lottracking,yardmanagement,automateddatacollection,automatedmaterialhandlingequipment,etc.
Setup
ThesetuprequirementsofWMScanbeextensive.Thecharacteristicsofeachitemandlocationmustbemaintainedeitheratthedetaillevelorbygroupingsimilaritemsandlocationsintocategories.Anexampleofitemcharacteristicsatthedetaillevelwouldincludeexactdimensionsandweightofeachitemineachunitofmeasuretheitemisstocked(