英语期末论文-对中日关系的简要回顾和可能的前景展望Word文档格式.doc
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ABriefReviewonandPossibleProspectsofSino-JapaneseRelations@#@ MostChineseholdaquitecomplexattitudetowardsJapan.Beingneighboringcountiesforcenturies,ChinaandJapansharealotinculture,historyandcustoms.Toacertaindegree,theJapaneseculturehasbeenareflectionofChineseculture,inwhichChinesecanalwayseasilyfindsomethingtheyarefamiliarwith.It’snaturalforChinesetoshowafavortowardsJapanifitwerenotforthesakeofinvasion.Butthefactisthatinmanycases,hostilityexistsbetweenJapaneseandChinese.Fortheancienttimesthesetwocountrieswerefriends,butthingshavechangedaloteversincetheFirstSino-Japanesewarof1894.Thelong-termhostilityremainsevenaftertheWorldWarⅡisended.WhathasmadeChineseunbearableisthetoughtoneJapanesetakestowardinvasion.MostoftheJapaneseleadersshowsnoregretandinsiststhereisnothingwrongwiththeinvasion,andtrytoteachtheirnextgenerationtobelieveso,whichmakesJapantobeapotentialthreattoChina:
@#@ifnecessary,JapancanstartanotherinvasionagainstChina,sincetheyfindnomoraldefectswithinvasion.InordertounderstandChinesepeople’sfeelingsbetterandmakeapredictionabouttheprospectsofSino-Japaneserelations,it’snecessarytohaveabriefreviewonthepast.@#@Theancienttimes:
@#@@#@ ThecontactsbetweenChinaandJapancanbedatedbacktoasearlyasQinDynasty,whentheTaoistnamedXuFuwassentoverseatoJapanbyEmperortoseekformedicineofimmortality.Accordingtothefolk’stales,XuFufounditimpossibletofulfillhistask,andinordertoavoidthepunishment,hedeterminedtosettledowninJapanwithseveralhundredsofboysandgirlshehadtakentofollowhim.Andwithdayswentby,theymarriedthelocalpeopleandgavebirthtooffspring.Ontheotherhand,duringthethirdcentury,ChinesetravelersreportedthatinhabitantsofJapanclaimedancestryfromWuTaibo,akingoftheWustate(locatedinmodernJiangsuandZhejiang)duringtheWarringStatesera.Perhapsthosepartlyexplainedwhyduringearlytimes,ChinesetendedtobefriendlywithJapanese—theythoughtJapaneseweremoreorlessofthesameoriginastheirs.@#@ Thecontactshadbeensmoothsincethen,andhadreachitspeakduringtheSuiDynastyandTangDynasty,atwhichtimeChineseculturaldetailssuchasChineseclothing,architecture,martialarts,socialmanner,etcwerespreadtoJapan.ThemajorpartsofJapaneseculturesuchasKimono,Judo,Ikebanahavebeendevelopedfromalltheseabove.AndKyoto,thecapitalcityofJapanatthattime,wasplannedaccordingtoFengShuielementsfromtheChinesecapitalofChang'@#@an.Meanwhile,theChineseMonkJianZhensailedacrosstheseaandbroughttheBuddhismtogetherwithteatoJapan(teahadbeenthedrinkformonksattheverybeginning,partlyexplainedwhyteaisalwaysassociatedwithZeninJapan),whiletheJapanesestudentswhohadstudiedinChang’an(thecapitalofChinaatthattime)spreadtheConfucianisminJapan.BythetimeofHeianperiod,togetherwithShinto,BuddhismhadbecomeoneofthetwomajorreligionsinJapan.Andforratheralongtime,JapanesehadnowaytorecordwhattheysaiduntiltheyadoptedtheancientChinesecharacterstocreatetheirownlanguage.AndinordertodenythecorrelationwithChinaanddistinguishitself,JapancarriedoutalanguagereformandeliminatedmanyChinesecharacters,butduetotheimpossibilityofremovingallChineseinfluenceonitslanguage,thereremainedtobethousandsofChinesecharactersandphrasesinJapanese.Therefore,toagreatdegree,ChineseculturehasinfluencedtheJapaneseculture.@#@ Butsoontheturning-pointofSino-JapaneserelationsarrivedastheJapanesepirates(called“Wokou”inChinese)begantorobChineseshipsandslaughterinnocentChinesevillagerslivingnearthesea,especiallyfrequentlyfrom14thto16thcentury.ThebarbaricdeedarousedtheprevalenthatredofChinesepeopletowardsJapanese,andforatime,theMinggovernmentdominatingChinaatthattimehadtofoundaseriesofcoastalfortsandspecialtroopstoprotectitspeopleandthefolktalesof“QiJia”Armyhavebeenwidespreadsincethen,mainlytellingthestoriesabouttheGeneralQiJiguang,whohadbeenfightingagainst“Wokou”allhislife.Lateron,becauseoneoftheJapaneserulersHideyoshidecidedtoinvadeChinathroughKorea,twowarfaresbrokeoutbetweenJapanandSino-Koreanalliance,whichendedupwiththefailureofJapanbutmeanwhiledrainedMingChina'@#@streasuryandleftitweakagainsttheManchus,whoeventuallydestroyedtheMingDynastyandcreatedtheQingDynastyin1644.Thegapbetweentwocountrieshadformedthereafter.AndtheJapanesepiracyalsoleadtoanothermoresevereresult:
@#@inordertogetridofthepirates,theMingDynastyadoptedapolicyofisolationsincethenandcutoffitscom