上海新世纪英语高二全部课文.docx

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文.docx

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上海新世纪英语高二全部课文

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文（包括AdditionalReading）及重点词组

高二第一学期

1.FoodintheUnitedStates

ManychangesaretakingplaceinfoodstylesintheUnitedStates.TheUnitedStatesistraditionallyfamousforitsverysolidandunchangingdiet,chieflymadeupofmeatandpotatoes.NowpeopleinAmericahavemanydifferentchoices:

ethnicfood,healthfood,andfastfood,inadditiontothetraditionalhome-cookedmeal.

EthnicrestaurantsandsupermarketsarecommonintheUnitedStates.Beingacountryofimmigrants,theUnitedStatesenjoysawidevarietyofethnicfood.MostAmericancitiesandtownsarefilledwithrestaurantsservinginternationalcooking.Manyevenhaveethnicsections:

Chinatown,LittleItaly,orGermantown.Havingvastethnicchoices,Americanscanenjoyfoodfromallovertheworld.Besidessectionsofcities,thereareethnicregions,whicharewell-knownforcertainfoodbecauseofthepeoplewhohavesettledthere.Forexample,insouthernCalifornia,therearemanyMexicanrestaurants.

Healthfoodbecamepopularwhenpeoplebegantothinkmoreseriouslyabouttheirphysicalwell-being.Healthfoodisfresh,natural,andunprocessedfood,whichdoesnotcontainpreservativestomakeitlastlongerorchemicalstomakeittasteorlookbetter.Peoplewhoarekeenonhealthfoodareusuallyvegetarians.Theydon’teatmeat,butliveonbeans,cheese,andeggs.

Fastfoodrestaurantsarenowexpandingrapidlyalloverthecountry.IntheUnitedStates,speedisaveryimportantconcept.Peopleusuallyhaveashortlunchbreakbecausetheyjustdonotwanttowastetheirtimeeating.Fastfoodrestaurantsareplacesthattakecareofhundredsofpeopleinashorttime.Thereisusuallyverylittlewaiting,andthefoodisalwayscheap.Burgerandpizzaplacesarejusttwoexamples.

Americans’attitudetowardfoodischanging,too.Thetraditionalbigbreakfastisnolongerpopular.However,comingtorediscoverthesocialimportanceoffood,Americansfindthatdinnerwithfamilyandfriendsisaveryspecialofenjoyingtimetogether.Likesomanypeopleinothercultures,manyAmericansaretakingtimetorelaxandenjoyawidervarietyoftastesatdinner,eveniftheystillrushthroughlunchatahamburgerstand.

2.Theworld’sbestethnicfood

Howcanyoutraveltheworldwithoutleavingyourowncountry?

Visitanethnicrestaurant!

Tryingfoodsfromothercountriesisagreatwaytoexperiencedifferentcultures.Peoplearoundtheworldhaveuniqueandcreativewaysofpreparingfood.Theingredientstheyusemaysurpriseyou.

Sowhataretheworld’sbestethnicfoods?

Everyonehashisorherownpersonalfavourites,andsodowe.Thefollowingaretheworld’sthreebestethnicfoods---otherthanChinesefood,ofcourse!

ITALIANWhenyouvisitanItalianrestaurant,orderapasta（意大利面食）dish.TheItalianshavehundredsofwaysofpreparingthisfood.Pastasusuallycomewithflavourfultomatoorcreamsauces,whichgivethedishesapowerful,richflavour.Therearealsodifferentkindsofcheese.

WhenorderingItalianfood,youchooseonemaindishforyourself.Youmay,however,orderanappetizertosharewitheveryoneatthetable.

MEXICANWhat’sgreataboutMexicanfood?

Mostofityoucanpickupandeatwithyourhands!

OnemajorMexicanfoodisthetortilla（尤指墨西哥人食用的玉米薄饼）.Mexicanchefsmoldthiscornorflour-basedmaterialintoround,flatshapes.Thetortillathengetsfilledwithingredientssuchascheese,meat,sourcream,beansandothervegetables.Tortilladishescanbefried,bakedortoasted.Don’tforgettoaddhotsauce---Mexicanfoodisgreatwithabitofspice!

INDIANIndiaisthelandofcurriesandstrongflavours.YoucansmellagoodIndianrestaurantevenbeforeyouwalkthroughthedoor!

TheeatingmethodofIndianfoodalsotakesabitofgettingusedto.Pealoffsomeflatfriedbreadandusethis“spoon”togetfoodfromashareddish.YoucanfinishthemealwithIndian-stylemilktea.

WhileChinesefoodisgreat,trysomethingnewandexpandyourhorizons.Afterall,varietyisthespiceoflife!

3.Theglobaldrink

Tea,theglobaldrink,isconsumedaroundtheworldmorethananyotherdrinkexceptwater.OriginatinginChina,teahaslongestablisheditselfasthenationaldrinkofthiscountry,thenationwiththebiggestpopulationonearth.

AcenturybeforethebirthofChrist,teawasdescribedinChinesetextsasahealthdrinkthatmadeonelivelonger.Teaisstillbeingregardedassuch.Scientificstudieshavesuggestedthatdrinkingfivecupsofteaadaycanbecomparedtohavingtwoservingsofvegetables.Bothgreenandblackteasareclaimedtobeeffectiveforpreventingcancer,heartdisease,andmanyotherdeadlydisease.Thereisonlyonepointpeopleneedtobeawareofwhentheydrinktea---itshouldnotbedrunkalongwithmeals.Thisisbecauseanelementcontainedinteacaninterferewiththebody’sabsorptionofiron.

Tea,apopulardrinkinChinaandmanyothercountries,iscarefullypreparedaccordingtolocalcustoms.TheChineseputlooseteainteapots,addboilingwater,andserveitinteacups.ThestrongteafromChina’sFujianProvinceisdrunkintinycupsbeforedinner.Lighterteaswithjasmine,roseorotherflowers,arespecialtoChina’sChangjiangRiverregions.Theseareusuallyservedafterdinnertohelpdigestion.

InEnglandpeopleuseteabagsandmugs.ManyEnglishpeople,travellingawayfromhome,feelatalossiftheirfavouriteteabagsarenotavailable.AfternoonteainEnglandisstillatime-honouredtradition.It’sagoodopportunityforpeopletosocializeordiscussbusinessmatters,thoughnowmoreyoungpeoplepreferacola.

InJapan,ateaceremonyisoftenheldwhilepeoplearedrinkingtea.Theceremony,usuallyheldinateahouse,datesbacktothesixteenthcentury.Guestsfollowstrictrulessetupthenandtheteausedisapowderedgreentea.Thoughstillpractisedtoday,theteaceremonymaynotbeaspopularasitusedtobe.YoungJapanesetendtofavourotherdrinks.

4.Coffee

WhencoffeewasfirstintroducedinEuropeinthe1600s,therewasagreatdealofcontroversyaboutit.Manydoctorssaidthatcoffeewasastrongpoisonandshouldbeforbidden.Others,however,insisteditwasgoodtodrinkcoffee.Then,“coffeehouses”sprangupeverywhere.Today,coffeehasbecomeaglobaldrinkanditisconsumedbyonethirdoftheworld’spopulation.

Testsshowthatwhencoffeeisgiveninlargedosestoanimals,itcanactuallyactasapoison.Coffeecanalsoproducenegativeorevenpoisonouseffectsonsmallchildren.Butforadultswhodrinkitmoderately,itisbynomeansapoison.

Coffeecontainscaffeine.Mostpeoplebelievedthatitisthecaffeinethatproducesalltheeffectsthatcoffeehasonthebody.Ofcourse,theotherelementsincoffeehavearoletoplay.

Herearesomeofthethingsthathappenwhenpeopledrinkcoffee.Thesmellofcoffeeitselfproducesstimulatingeffectsinvariouspartsofthebody.Thebloodvessels（血管）inthebrainopenwidersothattheflowisimproved,andthisremovessomeofthepoisonoussubstancesfromthebrain.Coffeeincreasesthepulserate（脉搏）,whichmeansitstimulatestheheart,andthemusclescanthusworkharder.Coffeemakesthestomachworkmoreactively,whichisworthwhileforhealthypeople,especiallywhendrunkafteraheavymeal.

Coffeeactuallyproducesdifferenteffectsonthebodyatdifferenttimesoftheday!

Themorningcoffee,forinstance,helpsthebodygetridofwasteproductsproducedduringthenight.Coffeeafterlunchhelpsdigestion.Afternooncoffeeactsonthemusclesandhelpsusfeellesstired.Andcoffeetakenintheeveningseemstostimulatethemindandtheimagination!

However,therealwaystwosidestoeverything.Caffeineisstimulating,soalotofpeopleavoiddrinkingcoffeeatnight,whichisthetimewhenpeoplewanttogotobedinsteadoffeelingstimulated.Furthermore,somepeoplegethookedoncoffeebecauseofthecaffeine,andthathasalwaysbeenconsiderednegative.

5.TheMexican（AdaptedfromTheMexicanJackLondon）

Riverawasdeterminedtohelphispeopleatthecostofhislife.hefoughtagainststrongerandtougherboxersintheringtomakemoneyforhispeople.Heoftenlostatthebeginning,buthegrewmoreexperienced.

Onedayhewasengagedinaverytoughfightagainstachampionboxer,Danny.Riveradidn’tmatchDannyinheight,weight,orskills.Andhewasnothalfaspopular.However,“Thewinnertakesall!

”AndRiverastubbornlyaskedforall---allhehadonhismindwasmakingthemoneyforhispeople.

Thefightwasgoingonandon.ThewholestadiumwascheeringforDanny;therewerefewonRivera’sside.However,Riverasurvivedonblowafteranother;hisexcellentdefencewasfrightening.

Dannyrushed,forcingRiveratogivehimaclinch.Wasitatrick?

Riverathoughttohimself.

Yes,itwas.ButRiverawassmartenoughtoavoidit.Hebackedandcircledaway.

HepretendedtoclinchwithDanny’snextrush.Instead,atthelastinstant,justastheirbodiesshouldhavecometogether,Riverawentquicklyback.Hehadfooledhim!

WhileRiverawasdancingaway,Dannykeptchallenginghimopenly.Havingrunafterhimfortworounds,Dannyfoundtheboynotevendaringtocomenearhim.Hestartedtothrowallcautiontothewinds.Riverawasstruckagainandagain.Hetookblowsbythedozen---justtoavoidthedeadlyclinch.

Intheseventeenthround,Rivera,blownheavily,bentdown.Hishandsdroppedhelplessly.Dannythoughtitwashischance---theboywasathismercy.Hedecidedtostrikethedeadlyblow.Butbeforehecoulddothat,Riveracaughthimoffhisguardandhithiminthemouth.Dannywentdown.Whenherose,Riveragavehimanotherblowontheneckandjaw.Herepeatedthisthreetimes.

Danny