西奥多罗斯福 The Man with the MuckrakeWord下载.docx

西奥多罗斯福 The Man with the MuckrakeWord下载.docx

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前言：

演讲是指在公众场合，以有声语言为主要手段，以体态语言为辅助手段，针对某个具体问题，鲜明、完整地发表自己的见解和主张，阐明事理或抒发情感，进行宣传鼓动的一种语言交际活动。

本文档根据题材主题演讲内容要求展开说明，具有实践指导意义，便于学习和使用，本文档下载后内容可按需编辑修改及打印。

theodore"

teddy"

roosevelt

themanwiththemuck-rake

delivered14april1906

演讲者简介：

西奥多·

罗斯福（英文：

theodoreroosevelt，又译狄奥多·

罗斯福，人称老罗斯福，昵称泰迪（teddy），1858年10月27日-1919年1月6日），美国军事家、政治家，第26任总统。

关于耙粪记者的相关背景介绍：

所谓“耙粪记者/耙粪运动”（muckraker），也称黑幕揭发记者/运动，是指美国19世纪末20世纪初掀起的一股新闻报道浪潮，一些记者和报刊致力于深入调查报道黑幕，揭发丑闻，对社会阴暗面进行揭示。

其名称源于西奥多·

罗斯福总统的一次演讲。

此演讲中，罗斯福将20世纪初一批致力于揭丑、暴露、煽情等报道的记者，比作英国作家约翰·

班扬小说《天路历程》中的一个反派人物，他从不仰望天空，只是手拿粪耙，埋头打扫地上的秽物。

但是被批评的揭丑记者却不以为然，反而欣然接受这个称号。

后来，人们便将这种新闻及报道这些新闻的记者和报刊称为耙粪运动、耙粪记者、耙粪报刊等，就如同人们将赫斯特报刊的煽情报道成为黄色新闻一样。

overacenturyagowashingtonlaidthecornerstoneofthecapitolinwhatwasthenlittlemorethanatractofwoodedwildernessherebesidethepotomac.wenowfinditnecessarytoprovidebygreatadditionalbuildingsforthebusinessofthegovernment.

thisgrowthintheneedforthehousingofthegovernmentisbutaproofandexampleofthewayinwhichthenationhasgrownandthesphereofactionofthenationalgovernmenthasgrown.wenowadministertheaffairsofanationinwhichtheextraordinarygrowthofpopulationhasbeenoutstrippedbythegrowthofwealthincomplexinterests.thematerialproblemsthatfaceustodayarenotsuchastheywereinwashington'

stime,buttheunderlyingfactsofhumannaturearethesamenowastheywerethen.underalteredexternalformwewarwiththesametendenciestowardevilthatwereevidentinwashington'

stime,andarehelpedbythesametendenciesforgood.itisaboutsomeofthesethatiwishtosayawordtoday.

inbunyan'

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pilgrim'

sprogress"

youmayrecallthedescriptionofthemanwiththemuckrake,themanwhocouldlooknowaybutdownward,withthemuckrakeinhishand;

whowasofferedacelestialcrownforhismuckrake,butwhowouldneitherlookupnorregardthecrownhewasoffered,butcontinuedtoraketohimselfthefilthofthefloor.

in"

themanwiththemuckrakeissetforthastheexampleofhimwhosevisionisfixedoncarnalinsteadofspiritualthings.yethealsotypifiesthemanwhointhislifeconsistentlyrefusestoseeaughtthatislofty,andfixeshiseyeswithsolemnintentnessonlyonthatwhichisvileanddebasing.

now,itisverynecessarythatweshouldnotflinchfromseeingwhatisvileanddebasing.thereisfilthonthefloor,anditmustbescrapedupwiththemuckrake;

andtherearetimesandplaceswherethisserviceisthemostneededofalltheservicesthatcanbeperformed.butthemanwhoneverdoesanythingelse,whoneverthinksorspeaksorwrites,saveofhisfeatswiththemuckrake,speedilybecomes,notahelpbutoneofthemostpotentforcesforevil.

thereareinthebodypolitic,economicandsocial,manyandgraveevils,andthereisurgentnecessityforthesternestwaruponthem.thereshouldberelentlessexposureofandattackuponeveryevilman,whetherpoliticianorbusinessman,everyevilpractice,whetherinpolitics,business,orsociallife.ihailasabenefactoreverywriterorspeaker,everymanwho,ontheplatformorinabook,magazine,ornewspaper,withmercilessseveritymakessuchattack,providedalwaysthatheinhisturnremembersthattheattackisofuseonlyifitisabsolutelytruthful.

theliarisnowhitbetterthanthethief,andifhismendacitytakestheformofslanderhemaybeworsethanmostthieves.itputsapremiumuponknaveryuntruthfullytoattackanhonestman,orevenwithhystericalexaggerationtoassailabadmanwithuntruth.

anepidemicofindiscriminateassaultuponcharacterdoesnogood,butverygreatharm.thesoulofeveryscoundrelisgladdenedwheneveranhonestmanisassailed,orevenwhenascoundrelisuntruthfullyassailed.

now,itiseasytotwistoutofshapewhatihavejustsaid,easytoaffecttomisunderstandit,andifitisslurredoverinrepetitionnotdifficultreallytomisunderstandit.somepersonsaresincerelyincapableofunderstandingthattodenouncemudslingingdoesnotmeantheendorsementofwhitewashing;

andboththeinterestedindividualswhoneedwhitewashingandthoseotherswhopracticemudslingingliketoencouragesuchconfusionofideas.

oneofthechiefcountsagainstthosewhomakeindiscriminateassaultuponmeninbusinessormeninpubliclifeisthattheyinviteareactionwhichissuretotellpowerfullyinfavoroftheunscrupulousscoundrelwhoreallyoughttobeattacked,whooughttobeexposed,whoought,ifpossible,tobeputinthepenitentiary.ifaristidesispraisedovermuchasjust,peoplegettiredofhearingit;

andover-censureoftheunjustfinallyandfromsimilarreasonsresultsintheirfavor.

anyexcessisalmostsuretoinv