强化段阅读课程讲义第二讲Word格式.doc
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Y:
1在原文找到题目的同义信息,一般为同义词转换。
(注:
因为原文或题目中某一个与题点有重大关系的词汇而不能确定答案时,若原文和题目同为肯定或同为否定,则猜答案为Y;
或一为肯定,一为否定,则猜答案为N)
2根据原文推断出来明显成立的题目。
1)原文含有only
Q:
ToadsarenotactiveinSpring.
P:
ToadsareonlyactiveinSummer.
2)题目中的题点是比较级,比例关系以及数字等
Mostofgoldhasbeenrecovered.
Thediversfoundandrecovered430boxesofgold.
3)题目将原文的逻辑范围或地理范围稍有扩大
Themachineismadeofmetal.
Themachineismadeofsteel.
Manyteachersfindthattheirjobsarerewarding.
Teachersarewellpaid.
Schoolshavebeengettingbetter.
Educationalstandardsinschoolshavebeengraduallyimproving.
N:
1在原文找到题目的否定信息
1)转折结构
2)tooto
3)hardly,barely,scarcely,rarely,few,little,lack,shortage
2题目中含有绝对性限制信息:
definitely,absolutely,must,haveto,anyway,invariably,inevitably,impossible,only,exclusively
Menareinvariablypreferredtowomenwhenitcomestopromotion.
P:
Womenhavefeweropportunitiesforpromotionandhigherstatusjobs,eveninindustrieswhichemploymostlywomen,tendtobefilledbymen.
3原文表述的信息是有条件成立信息或虚拟成立信息,而题目表述为无条件绝对成立或事实成立信息。
Q:
Thekingcobrascanbitethemselveswithfangsandcommitsuicide.
P:
Ifthefangswerelonger,thekingcobrasmightbitethefloorofitsmouthandcommitroyalsuicide.
Orionsystemenabledpeopletotravelinouterspaceinthe50sand60s.
SomeofthemoreextremeadvocatesoftheOrionsystempresentitastheholygrailofspacetravelwereitnotformisplacedfearsaboutnucleartechnology.
TheeverfasterexpansionwillinvariablytearaparttheEarth.
Theeverfasterexpansionhasalreadyarrestedtheformationoflargestructureand,ifitcontinues,couldripapartgalaxiesandeventheearth.
4原文表述的是推测出来的,理论上成立的或将来才会出现的事物,而题目表述为已经发生的事实。
5题目所表述的因果关系与原文不符。
Newspapersprintitemstomisleadreaders.
Peopleareclearlymorecuriousaboutbadnewsthangoodnews,thusnewspapersandbroadcastersaretheretoprovidewhatthepublicwants.That,however,canleadtosignificantdistortionofperception.
NG:
1原文和题目在题点内容上有重大出入。
2题目表述的比较级在原文没有任何相关信息。
3题目将原文表述的最高级之一表述为最高级。
4原文表述的是客观事实或结果,题目表述原因或主观态度。
Stravinskydislikedhavingtoperformhiscompositionsinpublic.
Thefirstpieceofmusiccomposedspecificallyforrecordingwasin1904andwithintwodecades,composersasfamousasStravinskywerewritingforrecordingratherthanforperformance.
5数字,比例关系和变化趋势并不必然对等。
6原文和题目时态不符时,除了“原文是将来时,题目是现在时或过去时,答案很有可能是F”以外,其余为NG。
7题目将原文的范围缩小一般为NG.
Assignments:
P1817-2210mins
P338-1410mins
P495-1010mins
P681-710mins
P9535-4010mins