复合结构Word文档下载推荐.doc

复合结构Word文档下载推荐.doc

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It’swrongofyoutospeaktotheoldmanlikethat.

It’scleveroftheboytofigureoutsuchadifficultmathsproblem.

二、动名词的复合结构

在动名词前面加上物主代词或名词所有格，表明动名词这一动作的执行者。

例如：

Doyoumindmy（Mary’s）openingthewindow?

Itisnouseyourpretendingthatyoudidn’tknowtherules.

但在口语中，这种结构如果作宾语（及物动词或介词的宾语），其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词的普通格。

Wouldyoumindme（Mary）openingthewindow?

Hewasangryaboutmehavingtoleaveearly.

I’mastonishedatJohnsuddenlystartingtotakeaninterestinginmusic.

但应特别注意以下几种情况：

1、动名词复合结构在句中充当主语时，其物主代词或名词所有格不能换成宾格。

Tom’sbeinglateagainmadehisteacherMrHopkinsquiteangry.

2、当动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的名词时，只能用普通格而不能用所有格。

Usuallyatthebeginningoftheschool,thenoiseofthedesksbeingopenedandclosedcouldbeheardoutinthestreet.

Icanneverforgetthesceneoftheboybeingbeatenbyhisfather.

Theboyswerealarmedbythedoorsuddenlyshutting.

Fireburnsbetterbyoxygenbeingatwork.

3、虽是有生命的名词但却表示泛指意义时，须用名词通格。

Itsoundedlikeawomancrying.

Bamboohaslongleavesthatswayinthewindlikeslimfingersreachingtotouchsomething.

4、两个以上的有生命的名词并列时，须用名词通格。

Doyouremembermybrotherandmecomingtoseeyoutheotherday.

【高考题再现】

1.____themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.（03’上海）

A.Thepresidentwillattend 

B.Thepresidenttoattend

C.Thepresidentattended 

D.Thepresident’sattending

【解析】从句子结构来看，整个句子缺少主语，故只能用Thepresident’sattending动名词的复合结构作句子主语。

答案为D。

2.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto___.（03’上海）

A.thethiefhavingcaught 

B.catchthethief

C.thethiefbeingcaught 

D.thethieftobecaught

【解析】从句中谓语动词ledto来看，其中的to是介词，后面须接动名词作宾语。

从题意来看，是“小偷被抓住”，故用动名词的被动式,所以此题的正确答案为C，动名词的逻辑主语thethief也可以用名词的所有格thethief’s.

Exercise:

1.IcanhardlyimaginePeter____acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.（91’）

A.sail 

B.tosail 

C.sailing 

D.tohavesailed

2.Iwouldappreciate___backthisafternoon.

A.youtocall 

B.youcall 

C.yourcalling 

D.you’recalling

3.Howaboutthetwoofus____awalkdownthegarden?

A.totake 

B.take 

C.taking 

D.tobetaking

4.____asthemostexcellentstudentinheruniversity,asmostclassmateshadexpected,madeherparentsveryhappy.

A.Marywaschosen 

B.Marychosen 

C.Marybeingchosen 

D.Mary’sbeingchosen

三、with的复合结构

即由“with+名词/代词+adj./adv./prep.phrase/doing/done/todo…etc.”,在此结构中的名词或代词充当逻辑主语，而后面的形容词/副词/分词等充当逻辑谓语，整个结构可在句中充当定语、状语。

1.with+O.+介词短语

Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides（定语）

Thepoorboy,withabasketonherback,searchedalldayfromtheriversidetothefootofthemountain.

Wesatonthedrygrasswithourbackstothewall.

Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.

Hiswifecamedownthestairs,withheryear-oldsoninherarms.

2.with+O.+过去分词

Newsreporterssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached.

Themeetingendedwithnothingsettled.

Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorclosed.

Icouldnotleavewithmyworkunfinished.

Hewaslisteningtothemusicwithhiseyeshalfclosed.

3.with+O.+现在分词

Iwon’tbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.

Withwintercomingon,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.

Hesoonfellasleepwiththelightstillburning.

Youcouldseehimwithhisarmsstickingout.

Shelookedinmyfacewithtearsstreamingdownherface.

4.with+O.+动词不定式

Withhertohelpme,Ifeelquiteatease.

Theystartedofflateandgototheairportwithminutestospare.

Withallhisworktodo,Idon’tknowifI’llhavetimetogoout.

WithJohntocome,we’llhavefourgueststoday.

5.with+O.+副词或形容词

Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.

Shefollowedhimwithherheaddown.

Whatalonelyworlditwillbewithyouaway!

Heworeashirtwiththeneckopen.

Don’ttalkwithyourmouthfull.

注意在此复合结构中，根据句意不同，我们也可以把with改为without。

Formilesaroundmetherewasnothingbutadesert,withoutasingleplantortreeinsight.

Withoutawordmorespoken,helefttheroom.

1.Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands____behindhisback.（91’）

A.beingtied 

B.havingtied 

C.tobetied 

D.tied

2.Withalotofproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.（2002’）

A.settled 

B.settling 

C.tosettle 

D.beingsettled

3.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkw