英语泛读教程4 快速阅读文档格式.docx

英语泛读教程4 快速阅读文档格式.docx

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Let'

saddressthequestionofwhetherspeedreadingisevenadesirablegoal.Iamanavidfictionreader.Consciouslyorunconsciously,readersoffictionappreciatethebeautyingoodwriting.OccasionallyIwillreadapassageorsentenceovertobeimpressedbytheopeningsentencesofErnestHemingway'

sTheOldManandtheSea,TheDark,andHerman.

IfIwasadeterminedspeedreader,Iwouldneverhavethetimetoappreciatethesebeautifulpassages.AndI'

dneverhavethetimetosavorthedevelopmentofacharacterlikeRhettButler,theGreatGatsbyorCaptainAhab.Goodwritersmustbereadcarefullyandthoughtfullytobefullyappreciated.

Tocarrythequestionoftheneedforrapidreadingabitfurther,let'

sconsiderthetechnicaloreducationalmaterialmostofusmustreadforourjobs.Ifyouworkinatechnicalfield－andmostbusinessandprofessionalpeopledo－you'

dbetterreadslowlyandcarefully.Almostallbusinessestodayaresubjecttofederalregulationstosomedegree.IfyoumustreadtheFederalRegister,theCodeofFederalRegulations,theOSHAHandbookorothertechnicalmaterialsrelateddirectlytoyourjob,I'

durgeyoutotakeyourtime.Amisreadingcouldbecostlyordamagingtoyourfirm.Ontheotherhand,newspapers,newsmagazinesandotherpublicationsshouldbereadwithsomedegreeofspeed.Here'

swhereageneralknowledgeofspeedreadingtechniquesmightbeuseful.Especiallysincethatisthemostcommontypeofreadingwedo.

Anyonecanimprovetheirreadingefficiently.Todoso,youmustlearnsomebasictechniquesandthenconsciouslyapplythem.Perhapsanexpensivecoursewouldhelpyou,butaninexpensivepaperbackandconcentratedpracticemightprovideasmuchlong-termbenefit.Inanycase,youlosenothingbytryingtheself-helpapproach.

（306words）

1.Fromthepassagewecanknowthattheauthoris_________.（A）

（a）anenthusiasticreaderoffiction（b）anunenthusiasticreaderoffiction

（c）aspeedreaderoffiction（d）anindifferentreaderoffiction

2.Hemingway'

swritingismentionedinthepassagetoshowthat_________.（A）

（a）somewritingshouldbereadcarefully

（b）somewritingshouldbereadquickly

（c）onehastounderstandthefullmeaningofawrittenpiece

（d）onedoesn'

thavetounderstandthefullmeaningofawrittenpiece

3.Technicalmaterialsshouldbereadcarefullybecause_________.（D）

（a）theyareusuallydifficulttounderstand（b）theyarerelatedtofederalregulations

（c）theyareanuncommontypeofreading（d）amisreadingmaydoharmtoyourwork

4.Onetypeofprintedmaterialtheauthorthinkscanbereadquicklyis________.（C）

（a）abusinessletter（b）adictionary（c）anewsmagazine（d）apoem

5.Theauthoradvisespeopleeagertoimprovetheirreadingspeedto________.（C）

（a）attendanintensivecourse（b）readacheappaperbackbeforeenrollinginacourse

（c）teachthemselvesbypracticewithacheappaperback（d）readbooksonbasicspeedreadingtechniques

2

Theschoolisacomplexsocialstructure,existinginitsownrightyetsurroundedbyothergroupswhichtosomeextentcontrolandinfluenceit.Individualsinaschoolaresubjecttoavarietyofpressuresbothwithintheschoolandoutsideit.Whataretheseinfluences,andwheredotheyoriginate?

Therearefourmajorelementswhichproduceandreceiveinfluences:

theteacher,thechild,theschoolitselfandtheoutercommunity.Thesefourelementswillinfluenceandbeinfluencedbyeachotheratmanylevelsinavarietyofways.Theteacher,forexample,bringsintotheschoolallhisownhabitsofmind,attitudes,beliefs,values,waysofdoingthingsandseeingtheworldwhichhehasinheritedfromthesocietyinwhichhewasbroughtup.Thesefactorswillinfluencethechildren,theschoolandthecommunityoutside.Thechildbringsintotheschooleverythingwhichhehaslearnedinhisfamily－habits,attitudes,beliefs,etc.－andtheteacherandtheschoolwillrespondtothese.Theschoolitselfisasocialorganizationwithspecialrequirementsofbehaviour,influencedbythegenerallyacceptedvaluesandtraditionsofeducation,builtupovertheyears.Boththechildandtheteachermustadaptthemselvestothese.Theschoolinfluencesthewidercommunityaroundit,bothbyproducingthemanpowerwiththeskillsneededbysociety,andbyshapingthebeliefsandattitudesoftheyoungenteringsociety.Asforthecommunity,itinfluencestheactualorganizationoftheschoolthroughsuchgroupsasgovernors,parent-teacherassociations,administrators,etc.,andinalessformalway,itisrepresentedbythoseworkingintheschool,thechildren,theteachersandservicingstaff.

Withallthesefactorsinmind,itisobviousthatschoolsmaydiffergreatlyaccordingtothenatureofthecommunitywhichtheyserve.E