人教版届中考英语教材知识研究八年级下Units 12 word版习题Word格式文档下载.docx

人教版届中考英语教材知识研究八年级下Units 12 word版习题Word格式文档下载.docx

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74分）

一、完形填空（15分）（2016舟山）

BrittanyAmanowantstomakesureeverychildintheUShasenoughtoeat.

BrittanyAmano,now18,knewhowitfelttogohungry.Hermothertriedtofinda__1__inHonolulu,Hawaiitosupportthefamily.Hergrandmotherhelpedoutasmuchasshecould.Butthefamily__2__hadtodependonalocalfoodbanktoliveon,andforthatshewas__3__.

Whentheylosttheirhome,Amano'

sfamilyhadtoliveinafriend'

sbasement（地下室）.“Icouldfeel__4__hungerandhomelessnessinfluencedmyfamily.”AmanotoldareporterfromTFK.“Theexperiencemademewanttogive__5__toothersinthesamesituation.”

Infourthgrade,sheandsomeofherfriendsstartedafoodproject.They__6__$700andcollected800poundsoffood.__7__twelve,Amanosetupthenonprofit（非盈利的）groupHawaii'

sFutureIsn'

tHungry.Shehopedtoraise$10，000__8__shefinishedhighschool.Sheendedupraisingmorethan$500，000infouryears.

Withthe__9__collected,thenonprofitgroup,nowcalledTheFutureIsn'

tHungry,canofferfreshfruits,vegetables,andother__10__foodstoschoolkidsonFridays.Thisistomakesurethatthekidsand__11__familieshaveenoughfoodtogetthem__12__theweekend.Sofar,theefforthashelpedmorethan75，000people.

Inthefallofthisyear,Amanowill__13__DukeUniversity,inNorthCarolinaonafullscholarship.Aftergraduation,sheplanstoreturntoHonoluluto__14__tothecitythatgavehersomuch.

“Itdoesn'

tmatterifyouhelponemillionpeople__15__justoneperson.”shesays.“Thesmallestactioncanmakeahugedifference.”

1.A.jobB.clubC.houseD.school

2.A.yetB.stillC.justD.never

3.A.carefulB.helpfulC.hopefulD.thankful

4.A.whyB.howC.whatD.while

5.A.hopeB.choiceC.surpriseD.pleasure

6.A.paidB.savedC.raisedD.borrowed

7.A.ByB.AtC.UntilD.Below

8.A.soB.sinceC.whenD.if

9.A.foodB.clothesC.booksD.money

10.A.sweetB.healthyC.cheapD.delicious

11.A.hisB.herC.theirD.our

12.A.intoB.acrossC.alongD.through

13.A.enterB.visitC.dropD.leave

14.A.setoffB.getdownC.givebackD.comeup

15.A.orB.asC.butD.and

二、阅读理解（14分）

A（2016温州）

Harmfulmicrobeslikebacteria,virusesandothergermsarepathogens.Theymayenteryourbodiesandmakeyouill.Theimmunesystemisthebody'

sdefencesystemthatprotectsyoufromillnessanddiseasecausedbythepathogens.

Theimmunesystemismadeupofnonspecializeddefencessuchasskin,tearsandtheacidicjuiceproducedbythestomach,keepingyoufromthepathogens.Italsohassomehighlyspecializeddefences,whicharedifferentkindsofimmunecells,groupedintophagocytesandlymphocytes.Phagocytesareatypeofwhitebloodcell.Theyareswimmingaroundinyourbloodstream,alwaysonthelookoutforantigens—thepathogensthathaveenteredyourbodies.Whenevertheyseeone,theywilleatit.However,someantigensarehardtofindandkill.Thenlymphocytes,whicharealsowhitebloodcellsandthemaintypesareBcells,ThelpercellsandTkillercells,willbethekillersofthesneakyantigens.

Bcells,ThelperandTkillercellsworktogethertofindandkilltheseantigens.Bcellsproducesubstances,calledantibodies,whichsticktotheantigen.Whenthathappens,itwilltelltheThelpercellstocomeoverandeither：

1.helptheBcellskilltheantigen,or2.callthephagocytesorTkillercellstomoveinforthekill.OnceaBcelloraTcellattacksanantigen,theycreatecellsto“remember”it.Those“memorycells”hangoutinyourbloodandiftheyseethesameantigenagain,theyquicklyrecognizeitsoyourimmunesystemcanactfasteratkillingit.

Theimmunesystemismorepowerfulthanyouprobablyimagine.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniarecentlytookimmunecellsfromthreepatientswithleukemia,thengeneticallychangedtheminto“serialkiller”cellstoattackcancercells.Thestudywassmallbuttheresultsweregroundbreaking.Themodifiedimmunecellsincreasedatleast1，000timesinthebodyandkilledallthecancercells.Therefore,more“memorycells”werecreated.

Theimmunesystemcanbedeveloped.Eatingleanproteinfood（beef,beans）andfoodrichinvitaminsA,C,andE（sweetpotatoes,carrots）,takinga30minutewalkeverydayandreducingyourstresslevels,etc.willhelpyouachieveit.

1.Whatcantheimmunesystemdo?

A.Keepyoufromantibodies.

B.Protectyouagainstantigens.

C.Makeyourbodiesweakandsick.

D.Helpmicrobesenteryourbodies.

2.Howarethesneakyantigensfoundandkilled?

A.Phagocytes,B,ThelperandTkillercellsworktogether.

B.Skin,tears,acidicjuiceandimmunecellsworktogether.

C.Bcellscreate“memorycells”toswimaroundintheblood