美国护士资格认证14Word格式.docx

美国护士资格认证14Word格式.docx

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1.Thenurse-managerhasnoticedasharpincreaseinthemediationerrorswithIVantibioticsoverthelastmonth.Shediscussesthesituationwitheachnurseinvolved.Whatotheractionshouldshetake?

A.Documentitontheirevaluation.

B.AskthemtoattendinservicetrainingforadministrationofIVmedications.

C.Reportthemtothesupervisor.

D.Reporttheincidentstothehospitalattorney.

A.

B.√

C.

D.

解析：

Identificationofcausesofmedicationerrorsrequiresin-serviceeducationtoinformthe

staffofstrategiestodecreasetheseerrors.Errorsarefrequentlytheresultofsystemicproblemsthatcanbeidentifiedandrectifiedthroughproblem-solvingtechniquesandchangesinprocedures.Documentingorreportingthesituationwouldn'

tdirectlyassistthenursesineliminatingerrors.Reportingtheincidentstothehospitalattorneyisn'

tnecessary.

2.A72-year-oldclientseekshelpforchronicconstipation.Thisisacommonproblemforelderlyclientsduetoseveralfactorsrelatedtoaging.Whichofthefollowingisonesuchfactor?

A.Increasedintestinalmotility.

B.Decreasedabdominalstrength.

C.Increasedintestinalbacteria.

D.Decreasedproductionofhydrochloricacid.

Decreasedabdominalstrength,muscletoneoftheintestinalwall,andmotilityallcontributetochronicconstipationintheelderly.Adecreaseinhydrochloricacidcausesadecreaseinabsorptionofiron,andanincreaseinintestinalbacteriaactuallycausesdiarrhea.

3.Thenurseisperformingapainless,noninvasiveproceduretomeasurearterialoxygensaturation（SaO2）.Whatprocedureisit?

A.Incentivespirometry.

B.Arterialbloodgas（ABG）measurement.

C.Peakflowmeasurement.

D.Pulseoximetry.

B.

D.√

Pulseoximetryisanoninvasiveprocedureinwhichasmallsensorispositionedoverapulsatingvascularbed.Itcanbeusedduringtransportandcausestheclientnodiscomfort.Anincentivespirometerisusedtoassisttheclientwithdeepbreathingaftersurgery.ABGmeasurementcanmeasureSaO2,butthisisaninvasiveprocedurethatcanbepainful.Someclientswithasthmausepeakflowmeterstomeasurelevelsofexpiredair.

4.Thenurseiscaringforaclientwho'

shypoglycemic.Thisclientwillhaveabloodglucoselevel

A.below70mg/dL.

B.between70and120mg/dL.

C.between120and180mg/dL.

D.above180mg/dL.

A.√

Abloodglucoselevelbelow70mg/dLisconsideredhypoglycemic.Anormalbloodglucoselevelisbetween70and120mg/dL.Above120mg/dLindicateshyperglycemia.

5.AclientwithhepatitisCdevelopsliverfailureandGIhemorrhage.Thebloodproductsthatwouldmostlikelybringabouthemostasisintheclientare

A.wholebloodandalbumin.

B.plateletsandpackedredbloodcells.

C.freshfrozenplasmaandwholeblood.

D.cryoprecipitateandfreshfrozenplasma.

Theliverisvitalinthesynthesisofclottingfactors,sowhenit'

sdiseasedordysfunctional,asinhepatitisC,bleedingoccurs.Treatmentconsistsofadministeringbloodproductsthataidclotting.Theseincludefreshfrozenplasmacontainingfibrinogenandcryoprecipitate,whichhavemostoftheclottingfactors.Althoughadministeringwholeblood,albumin,andpackedcellswillcontributetohemostasis,thoseproductsaren'

tspecificallyusedtotreathemostasis.Plateletsarehelpful,butthebestansweriscryoprecipitateandfreshfrozenplasma.

6.Thenurseisinterviewingthemotherofa7-year-oldchild.Whichofthefollowingsymptomsreportedbythemotherwouldmostleadthenursetosuspectthatthechildhastype1diabetes?

A.Recentbedwetting.

B.Poorappetite.

C.Weightgain.

D.Boundlessenergy.

Polyuriaisahallmarksignoftype1diabetesmellitus.Parentsoftennoticethissymptomasbedwettinginachildpreviouslytoilettrained.Polyphagiaisalsoahallmarksignoftype

1diabetesmellitus.Aparentislikelytoreportthatachildeatsexcessivelybutseemstobelosingweight.Thechildwithtype1diabetesmellitusmayalsocomplainoffatigue.

7.Aclienthasjustfinishedhisglucosetolerancetest.Howmanyhoursshouldittakeforhisbloodglucoseleveltoreturntonormal?

A.2hours.

B.3hours.

C.5hours.

D.6hours.

Thebloodglucoselevelshouldreturntonormalwithin3hours.Somehypoglycemia（alessthannormalamountofglucoseintheblood）withinthistimecanbeexpectedwithoutcausingproblems.

8.Thenurseiscaringforaclientinfectedwithmethicillin-resistantStaphylococcusaureus

（MRSA）.What'

sthemajorinfectioncontrolmeasuretoreduceMRSAandothernosocomialpathogensinahealthcaresetting?

A.UsingantibacterialsoapwhenbathingclientswithMRSＡ.

B.Conductingculturesurveysperiodically.

C.Ensuringthatpersonnelwashtheirhand