高中状语从句归纳说课讲解Word格式.docx
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Eg:
WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.
注意:
when从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be动词时,从句主语和be可以省略。
When(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.
(2)as除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”
Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面)
Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(随着)
(3)while表示“当...的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.
While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.
while有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。
Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.
2.until,not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;
在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。
肯定句:
Iwaiteduntilmidnight.
否定句:
Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.
注意
(1)notuntil…在句首,主句用倒装
NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.
(2)Itisnotuntil…that…引导的强调句
Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.
3.theminute,themoment,eachtime都可表示“一```就```”
Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.
theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time作连词不和when连用。
4.Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”
Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.
ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.
Hardly/Scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首,主句用倒装
HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.
二、条件状语从句
条件状语从句分为两大类:
真实条件句和虚拟条件句。
引导条件状语从句的连词有:
if,evenif/though,unless/if…not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofaras,provided/providing(that),onconditionthat等。
条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时。
1.unless和if…not
unless相当于if…not
Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.
Youwillnotfailifyoustudyhard.
在虚拟条件句中可用if…not,但不能用unless
Ifshewerenottoosilly,shewouldunderstand.
2.引导条件状语从句的其它连词:
Youmaygothere,aslongasyoukeepquite.
Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.
Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.
三、让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有:
though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho等。
1.though,although不可与but连用,但可以和yet,still连用.
Though/Althoughitisraining,theyarestillrunningoutside.
(1)though可引导倒装(although不引导倒装),结构为:
强调对象+as/though+主语+其它成分
【强调对象可为表语(名词、形容词)或状语(副词),表语为名词时,前面不用冠词。
】
Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.
Tiredasheis,hegoesonwithhiswork.
2.despite和inspiteof也有让步意义,后接名词或动词,而though,although是连词,后接从句。
Despite/Inspiteofwantingtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.
Though/Althoughshewantedtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.
3.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”
Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.
Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.
nomatter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句
4.evenif/though表示“即使”
Hedoesn’twanttomarryherevenif/thoughhelovesherverymuch.
四、原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有:
because,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat,duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等。
1.because语气最强,通常用于回答why提出的问题。
在Itwas…that…的强调结构中,强调原因状语从句可用because引导,不用since,as,for引导。
Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.
2.since和as
since的语气比because弱,比as强,表示间接的、已知的原因,自然的结果,表示“既然,由于”。
As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.
3.for表示原因关系时,for分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.
五、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有:
sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat等。
Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.
Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.
Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.
lest,incase,forfearthat所引导的状语从句中,动词可以用虚拟语气,形式为should+动词原形,也可不用虚拟语气,用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。
Youhadbetterleavethekeyathomeincaseoneofusshouldthinkof/thinksofcomingback.
六、结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有:
sothat,so…that,such…that等
Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.
Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.
1.常用句型:
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句
such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句
2.so和such的搭配规律
such修饰名词或名词词组,so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many,few,much,little等。
sofoolishsuchafool
soniceaflowersuchaniceflower
somany/fewflowerssuchniceflowers
somuch/littlemoneysuchrapidprogress
somanypeoplesuchalotofpeople
七、比较状语从句
引导比较状语从句的连词有:
as…as,than,notso…as,themore…themore等
HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(d