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NKasim,NAZainalAbidin,RZainal,NSarpin,MHIAbdRahimandMSaikahMaterialsScienceandEngineerin,2020（如觉得年份太老，可改为近2年，毕竟很多毕业生都这样做）英文4041单词，26696字符（字符就是印刷符），中文6424汉字。

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）BestpracticesofBuildingInformationModelling（BIM）implementationindesignphaseforconstructionprojectAbstract.ImplementationofBuildingInformationModelling（BIM）wasexpectedtobringimprovementincurrentpracticesofMalaysianconstructionindustry.Inthedesignphase,thereisalackofareadypoolofskilledworkerswhoareabletodevelopBIMstrategicplanandeffectivelyutiliseit.ThesecreateboundariesforBIMnatureinMalaysianconstructionindustryspecificallyinthedesignphasetoachieveitsbestpractices.Therefore,theobjectivesofthisresearcharetoinvestigatethecurrentpracticesofBIMimplementationinthedesignphaseaswellasthebestpracticesfactorsofBIMimplementationinthedesignphase.Thequalitativeresearchapproachiscarriedoutthroughsemi-structuredinterviewswiththedesignersofdifferentorganisationswhichadoptBIMinthedesignphase.Datacollectionisanalysedbyexecutingcontentanalysismethod.Fromthefindings,thebestpracticesfactorsofBIMimplementationindesignphasesuchastheincentiveforBIMtraining,formalapproachtomonitoringautomatedLevelofDetailing（LOD）,runavirtualmeetingandimproveIndustryFoundationClass（IFC）.Thus,bestpracticesfactorswhichleadtopracticesimprovementsinthedesignphaseofprojectdevelopmentwhichsubsequentlyimprovestheimplementationofBIMinthedesignphaseofMalaysianconstructionindustry.1.IntroductionMalaysianconstructionindustrysprojectdevelopmentisdividedintothreemajorstages,whicharepre-constructionstage,constructionstageandpost-constructionstage1.Thesethreestagesalsobeingcalledasaprojectlifecycleinvolvingnumerousworkers,alistofactivities,costs,andstakeholders.AccordingtoNationalCentreforConstructionEducationandResearch（2008）,therearethreeactivitiesinpre-constructionstage,whichareprojectdesign,costestimatesandprojectschedulingwhiletheactualconstructionworkiscarriedoutinconstructionstageandasinpost-constructionstage,finalinspection,projectadministration,projectcloseoutandoperatingandfacilitiesmanagementaretheactivitiesinvolved.Thisresearchisfocusingonpre-constructionstagesinceitplaysacriticalroletocommencetheconstructionproject.Thefirstphaseofpre-constructionstagewhichisadesignphase,itsnecessitytoverifythedesignsothattheprojectmeetsclientsrequirements.Designchallengesmusthavebeenresolvedbeforetheendofthefinaldesignstage.Furthermore,sufficientdetailsmustbeprovidedwiththedrawingsaswelltoallowaccurateconstructionestimatesandoperatingcoststogetherwiththeconstructionschedule.Ontheotherhand,inordertoachievesuccessinthecriticalphaseoftheprojectwhichisadesignphase,bestpracticesoftechnologyimplementationisvital.Moreover,MalaysianConstructionIndustryTransformationProgramme2016-2020（CITP）encouragestheadoptionofBuildingInformationModelling（BIM）technologyasaproductivityenhancingtoolwhichwillchangeinthewaytheindustriesgoesaboutdesigningabuildingandinfrastructureasathirdstrategicthrust2.BuildingInformationModelling（BIM）isoneofthetechnologieswhichrepresentstheprocessofdevelopmentandtheuseofacomputergeneratedmodeltoexecuteconstructionactivitiessuchasplanning,designing,constructingandoperationofabuildinginavirtualenvironment3.Thus,BIMplaysitsownrolesinthedesignphasetobringthebasictraditionalmethodintothenewemergingmethodbytheuseof3Dand4Dparametricauthoringtoolsasobject-basedmodellingsoftware.BIMwasintroducedinMalaysianconstructionindustryin2007byPublicWorkDepartment（PWD）andtheimplementationofBIMwasexpectedtobringimprovementincurrentpracticesofMalaysianconstructionindustry.SwitchingfromComputer-AidedDrafting（CAD）toBuildingInformationModelling（BIM）bytheconstructionpartiescreatesseveralchallengesandbenefitsinthedesignphase,butyet,thebenefitsfromBIMimplementationoutweighthechallenges4.BIMinMalaysianconstructionindustryisstillemergingbutyet,itiscurrentlypracticedbydevelopers.Inaddition,thereareseveralchallengesthatlimittheimplementationofBIMinMalaysianconstructionindustryfocusingonthedesignphasewhichwasdrivenbycost,markettrendsandorganizationalbehaviours5.EventhoughBIMdrivestobenefits,therearestillbarrierstowardsimplementingitandachievingthosebenefits,forexample,lackofcompetentstafftooperatethesoftwareisthemostsignificantbarrierincontractorsperspective6.Thus,theawarenessofpotentialbenef