药物合成反应课后翻译Word文档格式.docx
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2-Methyl-4-ethoxalylcyclopentane-1,3,5-trione.Asolutionofsodiumethoxideispreparedina2-l.three-necked,round-bottomedflaskfittedwithamercury-sealedstirrer,arefluxcondensercarryingadryingtube,andastopperbytheadditionof69.0g.(3moles)ofsodiumto950ml.ofabsoluteethanol.69.0g(3mol)钠和950ml无水乙醇在配有干燥回流冷凝管和汞封搅拌器的2L三口圆底烧瓶中制备乙醇钠。
Thesolutioniscooledto0–5°
inanicebathandstirred.溶液在0-5℃下冰浴搅拌。
Thestopperisreplacedbyadroppingfunnel,andacoldmixture(5–15°
)of108g.(1.50moles)offreshlydistilled2-butanoneand482g.(3.30moles)ofdiethyloxalate(Note1)isaddedgraduallyoveraperiodof30minutes.瓶塞用分液漏斗取代,108g(1.5mol)的丁二酮和482g(3.3mol)的乙二酸二乙酯在5-15℃下低温混合,在30分钟内逐步滴加到溶液中。
Aftertheadditioniscomplete,thethick,orange-redmixtureisallowedtowarmwithcontinuedstirringtoroomtemperature,heatedunderrefluxfor30minutes,andcooledagainto0°
inanicebath.完全加入后,橘红色的粘稠物继续搅拌至室温,加热回流30分钟后在冰浴中冷却至0℃。
Themixtureisdecomposedbystirringwith165ml.ofsulfuricacid(1:
1byvolume)addedinportions.将165ml浓硫酸(体积比1:
1)在搅拌加入,分解混合物。
Thesodiumsulfateformedisfilteredbysuctionandwashedwithethanol(150–200ml.)(Note2).硫酸钠抽滤后用乙醇(150–200ml)洗涤。
Thewashingsandfiltratearecombinedandconcentratedbyevaporation.合并滤液和洗涤液后蒸发浓缩。
Theyellowishbrownproductwhichaccumulatesbyslowcrystallizationiscollectedbyfiltration,washedwithsmallquantitiesofice-coldwater,anddriedinair.过滤缓慢析出的棕黄色产品用小剂量的冰水洗涤后在空气中干燥。
Thecrudeproductweighs140–150g.粗产品140-150g。
Furtherevaporativeconcentrationofthemotherliquorfollowedbycoolingfurnishesanadditional40–50g.oftheketoester,此外将母液用冷冻蒸发浓缩后又得到40-50g的酮酯。
bringingthetotalyieldto180–200g.(53–59%)产品总共180-200g(产率53-59%)(Note2).Thiscrudematerial(m.p.120–130°
)isusedinthenextstep.粗品(熔点120–130℃)用于下一步中ApuresamplecanbeobtainedbycrystallizationfromethylacetateaftertreatmentwithNoritactivatedcarbon,m.p.160–162°
.纯品是经过活性炭处理后在乙酸乙酯中结晶得到,熔点160–162℃。
Theprocedurefor2-pyrrolealdehyde2-吡咯甲醛
Ina3-l.three-neckedround-bottomedflask,fittedwithasealedstirrer,adroppingfunnel,andarefluxcondenser,isplaced80g.(1.1moles)ofdimethylformamide(Note1).在配有封闭搅拌器、滴液漏斗和冷凝回流装置的三口圆底烧瓶中放入80g(1.1mol)的二甲基甲酰胺。
Theflaskisimmersedinanicebath,andtheinternaltemperatureismaintainedat10–20°
while169g.(1.1moles)ofphosphorusoxychlorideisaddedthroughthedroppingfunneloveraperiodof15minutes.烧瓶浸入冰浴中,内部温度保持在10-20℃,169g(1.1mol)的磷酰氯通过滴液漏斗在15分钟内滴加。
Anexothermicreactionoccurswiththeformationofthephosphorusoxychloride-dimethylformamidecomplex.放热反应生成磷酰氯二甲基甲酰胺化合物。
Theicebathisremoved,andthemixtureisstirredfor15minutes(Note2).移去冰浴,在搅拌15分钟。
Theicebathisreplaced,and250ml.ofethylenedichlorideisaddedtothemixture.重新再冰浴下加入250ml的二氯乙烯。
Whentheinternaltemperaturehasbeenloweredto5°
asolutionof67g.(1.0mole)offreshlydistilledpyrrolein250ml.ofethylenedichlorideisaddedthroughacleandroppingfunneltothestirred,cooledmixtureoveraperiodof1hour.当内部温度降到5度时,把67g(1.0mol)新蒸馏的吡咯加入到250二氯乙烯中,通过滴液漏斗在1小时内低温下边搅拌边滴加。
Aftertheadditioniscomplete,theicebathisreplacedwithaheatingmantle,andthemixtureisstirredattherefluxtemperaturefor15minutes,duringwhichtimethereiscopiousevolutionofhydrogenchloride.滴加完后,用加热装置取代冰浴,搅拌回流15分钟,直到有大量氯化氢产生。
Themixtureisthencooledto25–30°
andtoitisaddedthroughthedroppingfunnelasolutionof750g.(5.5moles)ofsodiumacetatetrihydrate(Note3)inaboutofwater,cautiouslyatfirst,thenasrapidlyaspossible.当混合物降温到25-30℃后,通过滴液漏斗加入750g(5.5mol)的三水醋酸钠溶液,开始要小心,然后要尽可能地快。
Thereactionmixtureisagainrefluxedfor15minutes,vigorousstirringbeingmaintainedallthewhile(Note4).反应物在充分搅拌下重新回流15分钟。
Thecooledmixtureistransferredtoa3-l.separatoryfunnel,andtheethylenedichloridelayerisremoved.冷却的混合物转移到分液漏斗中,出去二氯乙烯层。
Theaqueousphaseisextractedthreetimeswithatotalofabout500ml.ofether.水相用500ml乙醚分三次萃取。
Theetherandethylenechloridesolutionsarecombinedandwashedwiththree100-ml.portionsofsaturatedaqueoussodiumcarbonatesolution,whichisaddedcautiouslyatfirsttoavoidtoorapidevolutionofcarbondioxide.合并乙醚和氯乙烯溶液,用100ml饱和碳酸钠溶液分三次洗涤,然后通入二氧化碳,通入时要小心不要太快。
Thenon-aqueoussolutionisthendriedoveranhydroussodiumcarbonate,thesolventsaredistilled,andtheremainingliquidistransferredtoaClaisenflaskanddistilledfromanoilbathunderreducedpressure(Note5).非水溶液用无水碳酸钠干燥,蒸馏溶剂,余下的溶液移入克氏烧瓶在油浴中减压蒸馏。
Thealdehydeboilsat78°
at2mm.;
thereisverylittlefore-runandverylittleresidue.醛沸点78度在2mm;
很少有预留无和残渣。
Theyieldofcrude2-pyrrolealdehydeis85–90g.(89–95%),asanalmostwater-whiteliquidwhichsooncrystallizes.当几乎透明的液体会马上结晶,粗品产量85-90g(89-95%)。
Asampledriedonaclayplatemeltsat35–40°
.样品在素烧瓷板上干燥