英语修辞格的语用学分析毕业论文Word格式.docx

英语修辞格的语用学分析毕业论文Word格式.docx

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1.4Literaturereview……………………………………………………...………7

1.5Themaincontentofthethesis………………………………………………..9

II.Literaturereview………………………………………………...………..................10

2.1Definitionofhyperbole..…………………………….……………..……….10

2.2Productionoftherhetoricaleffectofhyperbole..…………….…………….11

2.3Pragmaticfunctionofhyperbole………………………….……………...…..6

III.Relationshipbetweenrhetoricandpragmatics…………………….……...……...7

3.1Definitionofirony………………………………………………………...…..7

3.2Positiveexpressionofthenegativemeaning………………………………....9

3.3Negativeexpressionofthepositivemeaning……………..………….…10

3.4Pragmaticfunctionofirony………….…..……………….………..……..13

IV.ClassificationofEnglishrhetoricaldevices.………………….…………………...15

4.1Definitionofoxymoron.…………………………………......…....................15

4.1.1Introductiontotheinteractiontheory….…...………………………...15

4.1.2Somedefectsoftheinteractiontheory.….……………………….16

4.2Productionoftherhetoricaleffectofoxymoron……………………………...19

4.2.1Thephilosophicalbasisoflakoffiantheory…………...……………...19

4.2.2Lakoffiantheoryonthemechanismofmetaphor……………..…21

4.3Pragmaticfunctionofoxymoron…...………………...…….…………….….29

4.3.1Anintroductiontotheconceptualintegrationtheory………………....29

4.3.1.1Fourmentalspaces……………….……………...……………..29

4.3.1.2ThreeprocessesofBT……...………..…………..……………..33

4.3.1.3OptimalityprinciplesofBT………….………………...……….34

4.3.2TheadvantagesofBTinsolvingtheparadoxofformertheories……34

4.3.2.1Thegenericmentalspace……..…………………….…...……...34

4.3.2.2Theblendingspaceandemergentstructure……..……….……..35

4.3.2.3TheotheradvantagesofBT……...………..……………………40

V.PragmaticAnalysisofCommonEnglishFiguresofSpeech

5.1Hyperbole

5.1.1Definitionofhyperbole..

5.1.2Productionoftherhetoricaleffectofhyperbole

5.1.3Pragmaticfunctionofhyperbole

5.2Irony

.

ⅥChapterSixMetaphor

6.1Definitionofmetaphor

6.2MetaphorandSimile

6.3Productionoftherhetoricaleffectofmetaphor

6.4Pragmaticfunctionofmetaphor

ⅦConclusion……………...…………………………………….…………………41

Bibliography…………………………………………..………….……………45

Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………46

IChapterOneIntroduction

1.1Relationshipbetweenrhetoricandpragmatics

ItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatrhetoricoriginatedinGreeceabout24centuriesago.DuringthetimeofAristotle（384-332B.C.）,rhetoricwasconsideredtobeoneofthefewimportantbranchesoflearning.ItwasAristotlewhowasthefirstonetodefinerhetoricastheartofpersuasion.Sohewasregardedasthefatherofrhetoric.Today,rhetoricisregardedasascienceofheighteninglinguisticeffectiveexpressions,andtheartofeffectivecommunication.Rhetoricstudiestheoptimalselectionamongmultipleexpressionsofthesimilarmeaning.'

Thepurposeofrhetoricistohelppeopleexpressthemselvesbetterandcommunicateeffectivelyinordertosecureadesiredresultbyemployingrhetoricalmeansefficiently.Thehighestprincipleofrhetoricistoadapttospecificsituation,thatis,"

adaptability"

or"

appropriateness"

.Inordertoachievethebestresults,wehavetounderstandthepersonbeingwrittenorspokento,anddowhatisappropriateforthatparticularoccasion.Inotherwords,weusedifferentwordsordifferentexpressionsfordifferentsituations.Rhetoricaldeviceisapracticeofutterance,whichpursuestheoptimallanguageeffects.

Aticsisofgreatimportanceasabranchoflinguisticsthathasbeendevelopingrapidlyinrecentyears.ThemodernusageofthetermaticsisattributabletothephilosopherCharlesMorris（1938）,thefoundingfatherofpragmatics,whowasconcernedtooutlinethegeneralshapeofascienceofsigns,orsemiotics.Withinsemiotics,Morrisdistinguishedthreedistinctbranchesofinquiry:

syntactics,beingthestudyof"

theformalrelationofsignstooneanother"

semantics,thestudyof"

therelationofsignstotheobjectstowhichthesignsareapplicable"

andpragmatics,thestudyof"

whateverrelationsbetweensignsandtheirusersorinterpreters"

"

'

.Yuledefinesitasthestudyofmeaningascommunicatedbyaspeaker（orwriter）andinterpretedbyalistener（orreader）.`9'

Leechdefinesitasthestudyofhowutteranceshavemeaningsinsituation.}"

Pragmaticsstudiestheappropriatenessandeffectsoflanguagecommunication.Pragmaticuseoflanguageisthecommunicationalbehaviorbetweenlanguagesignsandlanguageusers.

Pragmaticsiscloselyassociatedwithrhetoric.Leechholdsthatpragmaticsitselfisakindofrhetoricalstudy.Morrisalsoarguestheinseparablerelationshipbetweenpra