summary范文Word格式文档下载.docx

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　　*篇一：

英文summary写作范例

　　Article

　　ChildrenMustbeTaughttoTellRightfromWrong

　　WilliamKilpatrick

　　Manyoftoday’syoungpeoplehaveadifficulttimeseeinganymoraldimension（道德层面）totheiractions.Thereareanumberofreasonswhythat’strue,butnonemoreprominentthanafailedsystemofeducationthateschews（回避）teachingchildrenthetraditionalmoralvaluesthatbindAmericanstogetherasasocietyandaculture.Thatfailedapproach,called“decision-making,”wasintroducedinschools25yearsago.Ittellschildrentodecideforthemselveswhatisrightandwhatiswrong.Itreplaced“charactereducation.（品格教育）”Charactereducationdidn’taskchildrentoreinventthemoralwheel（浪费时间重新发明早已存在的道德标准）;

instead,itencouragedthemtopracticehabitsofcourage,justiceandself-control.

　　Inthe1940s,whenacharactereducationapproachprevailed,teachersworriedaboutstudentschewinggum;

todaytheyworryaboutrobberyandrape.

　　Decision-makingcurriculumsposethorny（棘手的）ethicaldilemmastostudents,leavingthemwiththeimpressionthatallmoralityisproblematicandthatallquestionsofrightandwrongareindispute.Youngstersareforcedtoquestionvaluesandvirtuesthey’veneveracquiredinthefirstplaceoruponwhichtheyhaveonlyatenuous（薄弱的）hold.Theassumptionbehindthismethodisthatstudentswillarriveatgoodmoralconclusionsifonlytheyaregiventhechance.Buttheactualresultismoralconfusion.

　　Forexample,arecentnationalstudyof1,700sixth-toninth-gradersrevealedthatamajorityofboysconsideredrapetobeacceptableundercertainconditions.Astoundingly,manyofthegirlsagreed.

　　Thiskindofmoralilliteracyisfurtherencouragedbyvalues-education（价值观教育）programsthatarelittlemorethancoursesinself-esteem（自尊）.Theseprogramsarebasedonthequestionableassumptionthatachildwhofeelsgoodabouthimselforherselfwon’twanttodoanythingwrong.Butitisjustasreasonabletomakeanoppositeassumption:

namely,thatachildwhohasuncriticalself-regardwillconcludethatheorshecan’tdoanythingbad.

　　Suchnaiveself-acceptanceresultsinlargepartfromthenon-directive（无指导性的）,non-judgmental（无是非观的）,as-long-as-you-feel-comfortable-with-your-choicesmentality（思想）thathaspervaded（渗透）publiceducationforthelasttwoandone-halfdecades.Manyoftoday’sdrugeducation,sexeducationandvalues-educationcoursesarebasedonthesame1960sphilosophythathelpedfueltheexplosioninteendruguseandsexualactivityinthefirstplace.

　　Meanwhile,whileeducatorsarestillfiddlingwith（胡乱摆弄）outdated“feel-good”approaches,NewYork,Washington,andLosAngelesareburning.Youngstersareleavingschoolbelievingthatmattersofrightandwrongarealwaysmerelysubjective.Ifyoupassastrangeronthestreetanddecidetomurderhimbecauseyouneedmoney—ifitfeelsright—yougowiththatfeeling.Clearly,murderisnottaughtinourschools,butsuchaconclusion—justaboutanyconclusion—canbereachedandjustifiedusingthedecision-makingmethod.

　　Itistimetoconsign（寄出）thefads（风尚）of“decision-making”and“non-judgmentalism”totheashheapoffailedpolicies,andreturntoaprovedmethod.Charactereducationprovidesamuchmorerealisticapproachtomoralformation.Itisbuiltonanunderstandingthatwelearnmoralitynotbydebatingitbutbypracticingit.

　　Sample

　　Summaryof“ChildrenMustbeTaughttoTellRightfromWrong”

　　Inhisessay“,”ferventlythattheapproachtothemoraleducationofAmericanyouth,whichreplaced“charactereducation”25yearsago,haspreventedjuvenilesfrombehavingandthinkinginaccordancewiththetraditionalmoralprinciplesthatarefundamentaltoAmericansociety.

　　subjectiveconstructswithonlyrelativetruthinthemandthereforecanbeinterpretedflexiblyandevenaboutwhatshouldbeclearlyrightorwrong.

　　aretheunexpectedoutcomesofthatsubscribetothe“non-judgmental”mindsetdominating.thatfeelinggoodwarrantsmoralityexcusesstudentsfromcriticizinganddiscipliningtheirownbehaviors.

　　emphasizingpracticeinsteadofdiscussion.

　　*篇二：

　　Original:

　　Myneighborschildrenloveplayinghide-and-seekasallchildrendo,butnooneimaginethatagametheyplayedlastweekwouldbereportedinthelocalnewspaper.

　　Oneafternoon,theywereplayinginthevacantlotdownthecorner.YoungPaul,whoisonlyfiveyearsold,foundtheperfectplacetohide.Hissister,Natalie,hadshuthereyesandwascountingtotenwhenPaulnoticedthestoragemailboxatthecornerandsawthatthemetaldoorwasstandingopen.Themailmanhadjusttakenoutseveralsacksofmailandhadcarriedthemtohistruckwhichwasstandingatthecurbafewfeetaway.Paulclimbedintothestorageboxandpulledthedoorclosedsohardthatitlocked.Soonrealizingwhathehaddone,hebecamefrightenedandstartedcrying.Meanwhile,Nataliewaslookingforhimeverywherebutcouldnotfindhim.Itwasluckythatshehappenedtopauseatthecornerforaminuteandheardherbrotherscries.Sheimmediatelyrantotellthemailmanwhohurriedbackfromhistrucktounlockthemetaldoor.Paulwasnowfree,buthehadhadsuchabadscarethathecouldnotstopcrying.Themailman,however,soonfoundawayofmakinghimlaughagain.Hetoldhimthatthenexttimehewantedtohideinamailbox,heshouldremembertoputastamponhimself!

　　Summary:

　　Thechildrenwereplayinghide-and-seekinavacantlotoneafternoon.Findingthatthestoragemailboxhadbeenleftopen,Paulhidandlockedhimselfinitaccidentally.Hissister,Natalie,heardhiscriesandrealizedwherehewashiding,sosheimmediatelytoldthemailmantounlockthemetaldoor.Afterlet