山东大学网络教育物流英语期末考试复习题.docx

山东大学网络教育物流英语期末考试复习题.docx

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山东大学网络教育物流英语期末考试复习题

物流英语A

一．写出下列英文缩写的全拼

1、3PL：

2、VMI：

3、WMS：

4、MPS：

5、JIT：

二．翻译下列短文

DefinitionsandFunctionsofLogistics

Logistics（businessdefinition）:

Logisticsisdefinedasbusiness-planningframeworkformanagementofmaterial,service,informationandcapitalflows.Itincludestheincreasinglycomplexinformation,communicationandcontrolsystemsrequiredintoday,businessenvironment.

——（LogisticsPartnersOyo,Helsinki,FI,1996）

Logistics（militarydefinition）:

Thescienceofplanningandcarryingoutmovementandmaintenanceofforce……Thoseaspectsofmilitaryoperationsthatposition,maintenance,evacuationanddispositionofmaterial;movement,evacuation,andhospitalizationofpersonnel;acquisitionofconstruction,maintenance,operationanddispositionoffacilities;andacquisitionoffurnishingofservices.

——（JCSPub1-02excerpt）

Logistics:

Theprocessofplanning,implementing,andcontrollingtheefficient,costeffectiveflowandstorageofrawmaterials,in-processinventory,finishedgoodsandrelatedinformationfrompointoforigintopointofconsumptionforthepurposeofmeetingcustomerrequirement.

——（Reference:

CanadianAssociationLogisticsManagement）

ProfessorDonaldJ.Bowersox,afamousexpertonLogisticsintheUniversityofMichiganState,pointedoutinLogisticManagement（3rdedition）publishedin1986that,“ThetermofLogisticsisneitherrestrictedinthefieldofcommercenorinthatofmilitary.Itisapplicableforcommercialactivitiesofbothpublicandprivateenterprises.”Inhisworks,healsoappliedthefollowingtermstoillustratepartoralloftheactivitiesofLogistics:

BusinessLogistics,PhysicalDistributionMaterials,LogisticsManagement,MaterialManagement,PhysicalSupply,LogisticsofDistribution,TotalDistribution,etc..

‘Logisticsisthescienceandartofthedesign,optimizationandmanagementofnetworksforthetime-relatedpositioningofresource.Initsmostcomprehensivesense,thosefunctionswhichdealwiththefollowingaspectssuchas:

1）Designanddevelopment,acquisition,manufacture,storage,movement,distribution,maintenanceanddispositionofgoods;

2）design,development,managementandmaintenanceofpassengersystems;

3）Acquisitionorconstruction,maintenance,operationanddispositionoffacilities;

4）Acquisitionorprovisionofservices.

Logisticsisamethodofmanagingorganizationssothattheorganizationalaimsareachievedinthemostefficientandeffectiveway.Therearefourprincipalaspectstomanaginginthislogisticway.

Outcome:

logisticmanagementfocusesonthedesiredoutcomeandproducesthebestplantoachievethatoutcome（withinanyconstraintsthatareapplied）,irrespectiveofthedegreeofdifficultyorinconveniencethatmaybecausedtoanyoftheintermediateprocesses.

Sequence:

logisticsinvolvesestablishingandcontrollingthebestsequenceinwhichanumberofoperationsorprocessesarecarriedout.

Timing:

theoperationsorprocessesmustbecarriedoutatthebesttime,bothrelativetooneanotherandtotheoverallaim.

Location:

theoperationsorprocessesmustbecarriedoutinthebestplace,relativetooneanotherandtheoverallaim.

Itconcludesthecoordinationofthefunctionsandkeyaspectsastheyapplytotheparticularorganizationinthecombinationthatismosteffectiveandefficientinproducingtherequiredoutcome.Forthisreason,thetruelogisticspictureisonlyreallyseenbythoseattheverytop,strategic,levelofmanagement.Atthelowerorganizationallevelspeopleareverylikelytobeinvolvedonlyinoneorotherofthefunctionalareas.Everybodyintheorganization,atalllevels,mustunderstandtheimportanceoftheinterconnectionbetweenthefivelogisticfunctionsandtheimportanceofthefourkeyaspectssothattheycancontributeeffectivelytotheorganization’sactivities.

Althoughlogisticsisprimarilyastrategic-levelmanagementprocess,thebasicideasarestillhighlyrelevantatallthelowerorganizationallevels.Forexample,theflowofpaperworkroundanofficecanbesequencedandtimed,withtheseparatestagesofprocessingbeingcarriedoutinthebestpartoftheroomtofacilitatetheflow.

三．翻译下列句子

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

1.如果船舶公司接受了订舱，到时候你就会收到装货单。

（spacebooking）

2.缺乏富有成效的采购，公司的运作就会陷入混乱。

（disrupt）

3.在对库存做计划方面，我们需要考虑三个基本问题。

（concern）

4.物流的最终质量要求就是把每件事都做对并在第一时间做对。

（ultimate）

四．论述题

AnswerthefollowingquestioninEnglish,

1.Howcanwedistinguishonetransportservicefromanother?

2.Whyisinformationcrucialtotheperformanceofasupplychain?

答案：

二．翻译下列短文

物流（商业定义）：

物流从经济的角度是指为管理材料、服务、信息、和资本流而进行的商业计划构架。

它包括在当今商业环境中所必需的越来越复杂的信息、沟通和控制系统。

——（LogisticsPartnersOyo,Helsinki,FI,1996）

物流（军事定义）：

物流在军事的角度是指策划并执行力的运动和保持的科学。

军事操作的那些方面是指：

材料的位置、维护、疏散和处理；人员的流动、疏散和医疗；设备的结构、维修、操作和配置常识的获得；服务提供知识的获得。

——（JCSPub1-02excerpt）

物流是指为了满足