高级英语第三版第二册张汉熙168课课后答案.docx

高级英语第三版第二册张汉熙168课课后答案.docx

《高级英语第三版第二册张汉熙168课课后答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高级英语第三版第二册张汉熙168课课后答案.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高级英语第三版第二册张汉熙168课课后答案

LessonOne

1.Anditisanactivityonlyofhumans.

Andconversationisanactivityfoundonlyamonghumanbeings.

2.Conversationisnotformakingapoint.

Conversationisnotforpersuadingotherstoacceptourideasorpointsofviews.

3.Infact,thebestconversationalistsarethosewhoarepreparedtolose.

Infact,peoplewhoaregoodatconversationwillnotarguetowinorforceotherstoaccepthisideas.

4.Barfriendsarenotdeeplyinvolvedineachother’slives.

Peoplewhomeeteachotherforadrinkinthebarofapubarenotclosefriendsfortheyarenotdeeplyabsorbedineachother’sprivatelives.

5.....itcouldstillgoignorantlyon...

Theconversationcouldgoonwithoutanybodyknowingwhowasrightorwrong.

6.Therearecattleinthefields,butwesitdowntobeef.

Theseanimalsarecalledcattlewhentheyarealiveandfeedinthefields,butwhenwesitdownatthetabletoeat,wecalltheirmeetbeef.

7.ThenewrulingclasshadbuiltaculturalbarrieragainsthimbybuildingtheirFrenchagainsthisownlanguage.

ThenewrulingclassbyusingFrenchinsteadofEnglishmadeithardfortheEnglishtoacceptorabsorbthecultureoftherulers.

8.Englishhadcomeroyallyintoitsown.

EnglishreceivedproperrecognitionandwasusedbytheKingoncemore.

9.Thephrasehasalwaysbeenusedalittlepejorativelyandevenfacetiouslybythelowerclasses.

Thephrase,theKing’sEnglish,hasalwaysbeenuseddisrespectfullyandjokinglybythelowerclasses.（Theworkingpeopleoftenmocktheproperandformallanguageoftheeducatedpeople.）

10.Therebellionagainstaculturaldominanceisstillthere.

AstheearlySaxonpeasants,theworkingpeoplestillhaveaspiritofoppositiontotheculturalauthorityoftherulingclass.

11.Thereisalwaysagreatdangerthat“wordswillhardenintothingsforus.“

Thereisalwaysagreatdanger,asCarlyleputit,thatwemightforgetthatwordsareonlysymbolsandtakethemforthingstheyaresupposedtorepresent.

a.Howeverintricatethewaysinwhichanimalscommunicatewitheachother,theydonotindulgeinanythingthatdeservesthenameofconversation.

不管动物之间的交流方式多么复杂，它们不能参与到称得上是交谈的任何活动中。

b.Argumentmayoftenbeapartofit,butthepurposeoftheargumentisnottoconvince.Thereisnowinninginconversation.

争论会经常出现于交谈中，但争论的目的不是为了说服。

交谈中没有胜负之说。

c.PerhapsitisbecauseofmyupbringinginEnglishpubsthatIthinkbarconversationhasacharmofitsown.

或许我从小就混迹于英国酒吧缘故，我认为酒吧里的闲聊别有韵味。

d.Idonotrememberwhatmadeoneofourcompanionssayit---sheclearlyhadnotcomeintothebartosayit,itwasnotsomethingthatwaspressingonhermind---butherremarkfellquitenaturallyintothetalk.

我不记得是什么使得我的一个同伴说起它来的---她显然不是来酒吧说这个的，这不是她事先想好的话题----但她的话相当自然地插入到了交谈中。

e.Thereisalwaysresistanceinthelowerclassestoanyattemptbyanupperclasstolaydownrulesfor“Englishasitshouldbespoken.”

下层社会总会抵制上层社会企图给“标准英语”制定得规则。

f.Wordsarenotthemselvesareality,butonlyrepresentationsofit,andtheKing’sEnglish,liketheAnglo-FrenchoftheNormans,isaclassrepresentationofreality.

词语本身并不是现实。

正如诺曼底人讲的英格鲁--法语一样，标准英语是一个阶层用来表达现实的形式。

g.Perhapsitisworthtryingtospeakit,butitshouldnotbelaiddownasanedict,andmadeimmunetochangefrombelow.

或许试着去说它还是值得的，但是它不能被制定成法令，从而拒绝来自下层的变化。

h.Thereisnoworseconversationalistthantheonewhopunctuateshiswordsashespeaksasifhewerewriting,orevenwhotriestousewordsasifhewerecomposingapieceofproseforprint.

如果一个人说出的话就像写出来的文字，或者试图使用那些创作书面散文的文字，那么没有比这样的交谈者更糟糕的了。

i.WhenE.M.Forsterwritesof“thesinistercorridorofourage,”wesitupatthevividnessofthephrase,theforceandeventerrorintheimage.

当E.M.福斯特写到“我们这个时代的险恶长廊”时，其用语之生动及由其所产生的生动有力，甚至可怖的形象苦令我们拍案叫绝。

j.Therewouldhavebeennoconversationtheothereveningifwehadbeenabletosettleatoncethemeetingof“theKing’sEnglish.”

那天晚上如果我们立刻解决了“标准英语”的含义，就不会有第二天晚上的谈话了。

LessonTwo

1.Theburying-groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeaderelictbuilding-lot.

Theburing-groundisnothingmorethanahugepieceofwastelandfullofmoundsofearthlookinglikeadesertedandabandonedpieceoflandonwhichabuildingwasgoingtobeputup.

2.Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthatfact.

Alltheimperialistsbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecolonieslikeanimals（bynottreatingthepeopleinthecoloniesashumanbeings）.

3.Theyriseoutoftheearth,theysweatandstarveforafewyears,andthentheysinkbackintothenamelessmoundsofthegraveyard.

Theyareborn.Thenforafewyearstheywork,toilandstarve.Finallytheydieandareburiedingraveswithoutaname.

4.Acarpentersitscross-leggedataprehistoriclathe,turningchair-legsatlightningspeed.

Sittingwithhislegscrossedandusingave