旅游与经济发展外文文献翻译Word文档格式.docx

旅游与经济发展外文文献翻译Word文档格式.docx

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国外作者：

AdrianLiviuSCUTARIU

文献出处：

《AnaleleStiintificealeUniversitatii"

AlexandruIoanCuza"

dinIasi-StiinteEconomice》,2009,56,p318-330

字数统计：

英文1877单词，10281字符；

中文2950汉字

外文文献：

TOURISM–ECONOMICGROWTHFACTORANDESSENTIALELEMENTINREGIONALDEVELOPMENTOFROMANIA

Abstract

Thispaperaimstoemphasizesomeaspectsconcerningtheevolutionofthetourismanditsroleineconomicgrowthandregionaldevelopment.Thefirstpartpresentsaconceptualdelimitationoftourism,andthenextpartsarefocusedonthelinkoftourismwitheconomicgrowthandregionaldevelopment.Wealsopresenttheorganizationalframeoftheregionaldevelopmentpolicyandtheroleoftourisminthispolicyobjectivesachievement,andthefinalpartbringssomeconclusionsandsomefuturedevelopmentdirectionsoftourisminRomania.

1.Introduction

Thetourismbecameatpresenttimeoneofthemostimportantindustriesintheworld,havinganoutstandingplaceinmostofnationaleconomies.Thespectacularincreaseofthisactivity,intermsofvolume,butalsofromtheincomespointofview,aswellasitsimportanceasexportingbranch,leadusinmakingtheincursionthatfollows,withthepurposeofemphasizetheroleoftourismintheeconomicgrowthandregionaldevelopment.

2.Tourism–shortconceptualdelimitations

Theappearanceofthetourismasaneconomic-organizatoricactivity,atnationallevel,tookplaceinthesecondhalfofthetwentycentury,inthesametimewiththeinclusionintheservices（tertiary）sectorofsomenewbranchesofnationaleconomies,generallycalledtouristindustry.

Theneweconomictheoryoftourismrecognizedthelinkbetweentourismandeconomicdevelopmentofacountry,thetourismbeingtreatedinacomplexway,notonlyasrecreationaltrip,buttogetherwithalltheeconomiclinkthatcreates.So,atthepresentmoment,thisnotionincludesawholeindustry,componentoftheservicesindustry,whichcontributesatthetouristdemandssatisfaction,respectively:

hotels,transports,entertainment.

Therewereseveraldifferentdefinitionsgivenfortourismduringthetwentycentury,butwewillfocusonsomepresentapproaches,acceptedbymostofthespecialistsofthefield.

Thetourismcanbeshortlydefinedasbeing[Minciu,Baron,Neacu,1991,1993]aneconomic-socialphenomenonspecificforthemoderncivilization,stronglyanchoredinthelifeofthesocietyandinfluencedbyitsevolution,withahighdynamismandhavinglargesocialsegmentsastarget.Itinvolvesalargehumancapitalandinfluencestheevolutionoftheeconomyandsociety.

So,onecannotice,that,inthetourismdefinition,appearedmoreandmoreelementsreferringtotheindustrythathandlesthetouristneedsatisfaction,factalsorevealedbyTheLittleEncyclopedicDictionary,whichconsiderstourismas“asideofthetertiarysectoroftheeconomy,wherethegoaloftheprovidedactivityistheorganizationandongoingofentertainmenttrips,orofpersonstravelsatvariouscongressesandmeetings,includingallthenecessaryactivitiesfortheconsumingandservicesneedssatisfactionofthecustomers"

.

Inordertoclarifytheaspectsregardingthetouristphenomenondefinition,onecanusetheinductivemethodinordertogettoamostpossiblecomprehensivedefinition,aimingtoretainthemainelementsthatarecharacteristicforthetouristactivity[Neacu,Baron,Snak,2006,21]:

•travelofthepersonsduringtheirtrip;

•thestayinasettlementoutoftheirdomicile（permanentresidence）ofthepersonthattravels;

•thestayhavealimitedperiod;

•thestaydoesn’tbecomeadefinitiveresidence.

Continuingtheanteriorideas,wewillmentionadefinitionvariant,thatincludesthebusinesstravels,too,proposedbytheprofessordr.ClaudeKaspar（thepresidentoftheInternationalAssociationoftheScientificExpertsinTourism（A.I.E.S.T.））:

“Thetourismisanensembleofrelationsandfactsconstitutedfromthetravelandthestayofthepersonsforwhichtheplaceofstayisnottheirhomeandnottheprincipalplaceoftheirprofessionalactivity”.

Consideringtheroleandtheeconomic-socialimportanceoftheintern（national）tourism,TheWorldTourismOrganization（WTO）elaboratedadefinitionofthenationaltourism,sowecanconsidernationaltouristanypersonwhichvisitsaplacethatisnothis/herusualresidence,situatedinsidehis/herresidencecountryandhavingadifferentpurposethataremuneratedactivityandwithastayingofatleastonenight.

3.Theplaceandroleoftourismintheeconomy

Tourism,asanimportantelementofthetertiarysectorandindustrywithhugepotential,hasanincreasinglyroleintheeconomyofacountry,beingafactorwhichtheeconomicgrowthisbasedon.

By