初中英语课本第6册1984年版文档格式.docx

初中英语课本第6册1984年版文档格式.docx

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Englishtextbooksarepublishedinthatpublishinghouse.

2

A:

Isthiskindof

telephone

bicycle

TVset

recorder

madeinGuangzhou?

B:

No,itisn’t.

Whereisitmade?

It’smadeinShanghai.

DIALOGUE（对话）

ENGLISHISWIDELYUSED

Ping:

Dad,Igota“C”inEnglishagain.Itriedmybest.

Dad:

Well,don’tgiveup.Englishmaybehard,butit’ssouseful.

HowwidelyisEnglishused?

Verywidely.Englishisoneoftheworkinglanguagesatinternationalmeetings.It’sprobablythemostwidelyusedatthosemeetings.AnddoyouknowmostinternationalbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish?

Really?

IsEnglishunderstoodbypeopleoutsideEnglandandtheUnitedStates?

Yes.IspokeEnglishwhenIwasinJapan.Manypeopleunderstoodme.

Howaboutothercountries?

Well,IknowthatinSwedenandFrancealotofpeopleunderstandEnglish.

IsEnglishthelanguagespokenbythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld?

No.

ThenChinesemusthavethelargestnumberofspeakers.

Right.ButChineseisspokenbyfewpeopleoutsideChina.

Dad,didpeopleinChinastudyEnglishalongtimeago?

Notsoverylongago.InChinathefirstEnglishtextbookswerepublishedinthelatenineteenthcentury.

DidmanypeopleinChinastudyEnglishatthattime?

No,notmany.Butbyandby,moreandmorepeoplebegantostudyEnglish.Later,Englishwasrequiredforstudyinmanyschools.

It’srequiredinourschoolnow.But,Dad,Englishissohard!

Itishard,butwhenyou’velearnedit,you’llfinditabridgetosomuchknowledge.Andyou’llfindyoucanenjoysomanymorebooks,ifyouknowEnglish.

Well,I’lltryharder.

GRAMMAR（语法）

被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）（Ⅰ）

1、主动语态和被动语态

英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（TheActiveVoice）和被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

例如：

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.（主动语态）

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.（被动语态）

2、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。

现将动词ask的一般现在时被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：

肯定式

否定式

疑问式

Iam

Youare

Heisasked…

She

We

They

Heisnotasked…

She

AmI

Areyou

Ishe

sheasked…?

we

they

3、被动语态的用法

被动语态常用于下列情况：

1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。

A）Lettersarecollectedfromthispost-boxat7:

30everymorning.（主要说明每天早晨七点半钟开邮筒收集信件，至于是谁来收集信件，没有必要说明。

）

B）ColourTVsaresoldinthatshop.（主要说明彩色电视机在那个商店出售，至于由谁售货，没有必要说明。

2）需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。

A）Thiskindofbikeisnotmadeinourfactory.

B）Footballisplayedinmostmiddleschools.

4、主动语态变为被动语态的方法

把主动结构改为被动结构时，要作如下变动：

1）主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语；

2）主动结构的谓语动词有主动语态变为被动语态；

3）主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。

在动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时，by短语可以省略。

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

B）WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.→

Arecorderisoftenused（byus）inourEnglishclass.

LESSON2

（1）ThePLAliberatedmyhometownin1949.

Myhometownwasliberatedin1949.

（2）Thevillagersbuiltsomenewhousesthemselves.

Somenewhouseswerebuiltbythevillagersthemselves.

（3）JoeHillledastrikeinSaltLakeCityin1915.

AstrikewasledbyJoeHillinSaltLakeCityin1915.

（4）Thepianistgavethepupilssomeadvice.

Thepupilsweregivensomeadvicebythepianist.

Whenwas

theChineseCommunistParty

theChinesePeople’sLiberationArmy

thepeople’sRepublicofChina

founded?

Itwasfoundedon

July1,1921.

August1,1927.

October1,1949.

TEXT（课文）

JOEHILL

YoumayknowthesongaboutJoeHill.Butdoyouknowthatthesongwaswrittenaboutarealperson?

HereisthestoryofJoeHill.

HewasborninSwedenin1879.WhenhewasinhistwentieshewenttotheUnitedStatesandbecameaworker.Atthattime,thingswerehardfortheworkers.Joetookanactivepartin（积极参加）theworkers’strugglesforbetterpayandbetterconditions.Hehelpedtoformtradeunions.Hespokeatmeetingsandorganizedstrikes.

Joewasagoodmusicianandatthemeetingshesangandplayedthepiano.Hehimselfwrotethewordsandmusicofthesongs.Manyofthesesongscalledon（号召）theworkerstotakeupthestruggle（从事斗争）.

JoeHillwasatall,thin,good-lookingman.Hehadfairhairandblueeyes.Hiscomradeslikedhim,butthebosseshatedhim,becausetheywereafraidofhisworkamongtheworkersandafraidofhissongs.Hewasafearlessfighterfortheworkingclass.

In1915JoeHi