09下儿科学练习题.docx
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09下儿科学练习题
09下儿科学练习题
一、A1型选择题只能选择其中最正确的一项答案。
1.以下哪一项不符合新生儿肺透明膜病的肺部X线表现？
A.两肺野透亮度普遍降低
B.均匀散在的细颗粒和网状阴影
C.支气管充气征
D.部份肺泡代偿性气肿
E.严峻病例呈“白肺”
2.婴幼儿类风湿病一样不显现以下哪项表现？
A.长期间歇发烧
B.心肌炎及心包炎
C.对称性多关节炎
D.肝、脾及淋巴结肿大
E.一过性多形性皮疹
3.以下哪项不宜作为哮喘的预防方法？
A.免疫医治
B.色甘酸钠
C.酮替芬
D.激素吸入疗法6月～2年
E.支气管扩张剂
4.肥达反映假阴性的缘故，以下哪一项为哪一项错误的?
A.初期应用抗生素
B.重度营养不良
C.伤寒杆菌的变异
D.免疫缺点者
E.归并重症肺炎
5.婴儿腹泻，等渗脱水，第一天补液时应选用哪一种含钠液最适当？
2张液
3张液
3张液
D.等张液
5张液
6.苯丙酮尿症的新生儿筛查采纳的方式为：
A.尿三氯化铁实验,4-二硝基苯肼实验
细菌生长抑制实验D.血浆游离氨基酸分析
E.尿液有机酸分析
7.生理性体重下降的范围一样为原诞生体重的
Ａ.9～12%Ｂ．5～10％ Ｃ．3～9％ Ｄ．3～5％ Ｅ．4～6％
8.小儿3岁,心前区隆起,胸骨左缘第3、4肋间闻及Ⅲ～Ⅳ级全收缩期杂音,心尖区有较短舒张期隆隆样杂音,肺动瓣区第2音亢进。
X线示左、右心室大。
诊断可能是：
A.小型室距离缺损
B.大型室距离缺损
C.风湿性心脏病
D.房距离缺损
E.动脉导管未闭
9.患儿男,8个月,平日多汗,易惊,两日来中断抽搐就医,发作时意识丧失,两眼上翻,
手足紧握抽动,可自行减缓入眠,醒后精神可,最适宜的处置是
A.补钙→止惊→补
B.止惊→补钙→补
C.补vitD→补钙→止惊
D.止惊→补vitD→补钙
E.补钙→补vitD→止惊
10.苯丙酮尿症最突出的特点是
A.毛发棕黄
B.尿有“霉臭”气味
C.智力低下
D.皮肤白嫩
E.锥体束受损征
11.儿童单纯性肾病综合征最多见的病理类型是：
A.微小病变
B.局灶节段性肾小球硬化
C.系膜增生性肾炎
D.膜性肾病
E.膜增生性肾炎
12.Whatisthemostimportantclinicalfeatureofnephriticsyndrome?
A.ProteinuriaB.Edema
C.HypertensionD.Hypoalbuminemia
E.Hypercholesteolemia
13.Therangeofserumnatriumconcentrationinisonatremicdehydrationshouldbe：
A.120~140mmol/LB.130~160mmol/L
C.140~160mmol/LD.140~150mmol/L
E.130~150mmol/L
14.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementisn’tthegeneralregularityofgrowthdevelopmentinchildren?
A.fromtheupperparttothelowerpart
B.fromthedistalparttotheproximalpart
C.fromthegrossmotiontofinemotion
D.fromlowerleveltohigherlevel
E.fromsimpletocomplicated
15.Apre-termbabyofonemonthandtwodaysold,gestationalage35weeks,borninwinter,breastfeeding,weightisincreasingfrom2.0kgto3.0kg.Nowwhichsupplementaryfoodisaddedtoatfirstandwhy?
A.rice-water,forsupplementationofenergy
B.vegetablesoup,forsupplementationofmineralsubstances
C.rice-paste,forsupplementationofenergy
D.codliveroil,forsupplementationofVitA
E.codliveroil,forsupplementationofVitD
16.Whichismaindifferencebetweendehydrationofseveredegreeandmoderatedegree?
A.poorskinresiliencyB.orbitpitting
C.oliguriaoranuriaD.metabolicacidosis
E.peripheralcirculatoryfailure
17.Whattimeisbetterforweaninginbreastfeedingbaby?
A.4-5monthsofageB.6-9monthsofage
C.10-12monthsofageD.13-15monthsofage
E.18monthsofage
18.TheratioofCalciumandPhosphorusinbreastmilkis：
A.1:
2B.:
1
C.2:
1D.:
1
E.:
2
fetallife,theearliestsynthesizedimmunoglobinis：
A.IgMB.IgD
C.IgGD.IgA
E.IgE
20.Verylowbirthweightinfantisthenewbornwhosebirthweightislessthan：
A.2500gB.2000g
C.1500gD.1000g
E.800g
21.ThemajormanifestationofTuberculousmeningitisinchildrenis：
A.Atenseanteriorfontaneal
B.Convulsion
C.Stupor
D.Cranialnervepalsies
E.Moodchanges
（Diphtheria,tetanus,pertussisvaccine）,Primaryimmunizationshouldbetaken：
A.Justonetime
B.Onceamonth,twotimes
C.Onceamonth,threetimes
D.Onceaweek,twotimes
E.Onceaweek,threetimes
23.Ahealthyboy,oneyearandsixmonthsold,howmuchcalorieandwatershouldherequireeveryday?
calorie（kj）/kgwater（ml）/kg
A.418（100kcal）100
B.460（110kcal）100
C.418（100kcal）110
D.418（100kcal）125
E.925（220kcal）150
24.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementisn’ttheclinicalfindingoffebrileconvulsion：
A.withafamilyhistoryofseizures
B.oftenoccurinneonatalperiod
C.associatedwitharapidlyrisingtemperature
D.lessthan10to15minutesepisode
E.typicalgeneralizedseizures
25.Whichoneisthecyanotictypeofcongenitalheartdisease：
A.ventricularseptaldefectB.atrialseptaldefect
C.tetralogyofFallotD.Patentductusarteriosus
stenosis
26.Themajormanifestationsofacuteglomerulonephritisare：
A.hypertension,hematuria,proteinuria
B.proteinuria,hypertension
C.edema,hypertension,hematuria
D.oliguria,edema,hypertension,hematuria
E.oliguria,edema,hematuria,hypercholesteolemia
27.Ifastaphylococcalpneumoniapatientsuddenlybreathdifficultly,weshouldconsiderthatisbecause：
A.highfeverB.acidosis
C.pneumoniadevelopedD.pyopneumothorax
E.heartfailure
28.Hyalinemembranedisease（HMD）isadiseaseofprematurity.AntenataltreatmentofthemotherwithsteroidscandecreasetheseverityandmorbidityofHMD.Steroidsarethoughttostimulatethedevelopmentof：
A.Alveoli
B.amoreadequatepulmonarycapillarybed
C.extracellularantioxidantsystem
D.pulmonarysurfactant
E.intracellularantioxidantsystem
29.Themostimportantinfluencingfactorofgrowthafter2yearsofageis：
A.SexB.Race
C.EndocrineD.Nutrition
E.Exercise
30.Themostcommonlypathogenofsepsisinchildrenis：
A.PneumococcusB.EscherichiaColi
C.Streptococc
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