中考真题阅读理解.docx

中考真题阅读理解.docx

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中考真题阅读理解

2017年中考真题（阅读理解）

（2017•浙江宁波）D

THREECENTURIESOFHQAXES（骗局；恶作剧）！

ATHINKINGMACHINE

In1769,longbeforecomputerswereinvented,amanfromHungary（匈牙利）builtawonderfulmachinethatcouldplaychessverywell.Itdelighted（使高兴）peoplealloverEuropeandbeatnearlyeveryoneitplayed,includingfamousfigureslikeFrenchleaderNapoleonBonaparte,andscientistandinventorBenjaminFranklin.Fordecades,manypeoplebelievedthatitwastrulyathinkingmachine.Therewerepeoplewhosaiditwasahoax,butcouldnotproveitorexplainhowitworked.About85yearslater,thesecretwasfinallyrevealed.Therewasamanhidinginsidethemachineallthetime……whowasobviouslyverygoodatplayingchess!

ZOOESCAPE（逃脱）

OnNovember9,1874,NewYorknewspaper,TheHerald,ranashockingstoryonitsfrontpage.ItsaidthatalltheanimalsintheCentralParkZoohadescapedandwererunningaroundthecity.Itsaidthepolicewereworkingtosavepeople,but27peoplehadalreadybeenkilled,and200peoplehurt.Itwarnedeveryonetostayathometoavoidthedanger.ManypeopleinNewYorkwereterrified,anddidasthepapersaid.Ifonlytheyhadreadthefinalwordsofthearticle,whichsaid:

“Notonewordofitistrue.Notasingleactdescribedhastakenplace,”Itwasalljustahoax.ThestorywasmadeupbyThomasConnery,aneditoratTheHerald,whowantedtodrawattentiontothepoorconditionofcagesinthezoo.

ROSIETHERUNNER

Thefirstwomantocrossthefinishlineofthe1980BostonMarathon（马拉松）was23-year-oldRosieRuiz.However,assheclimbedthestairstoreceiveherprize,peoplestartedtobecomesuspicious（怀疑的）.Shedidn’tseemtobetiredatall.Furthermore,noneoftheotherrunnersrememberedseeingher,andherpictureneverappearedinphotosorTVbroadcastsoftherace.Later,severalpeoplesaidthattheyhadseenherjointheraceonlyattheend.Itturnedoutshehadrunonlyhalfamile（about805meters）andtakenthetrainfortherestoftherace!

Herprizewastakenaway,ofcourse.

42.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1refersto（指）________.

A.thehoaxB.thenews

C.thethinkingmachineD.thecomputer

43.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?

A.Thethinkingmachineusedacomputertowingames.

B.200peoplewerekilledbyzooanimalsin1874.

C.RosieRuizwasn’ttiredatthefinishline.

D.RosieRuizdidn’tappearinTVbroadcastsoftherace.

44.Whatistrueaboutallthehoaxesinthepassage?

A.Theymadepeoplescared.B.Theyfooledalotofpeople.

C.Theymadepeoplesuspicious.D.Theydelightedpeople.

45.Thetitleofthepassageshowsusthatthewriterthinksthathoaxes_______.

A.arenotnewB.areeasilyavoided

C.arealwayscruelD.areusuallyunbelievable

题材：

安全问题

【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。

讲述的是发生在三个不同世纪中的三个骗局，分别是18世纪有人“发明”了一个下象棋的机器高手，后来证明是有人藏在机器中；19世纪美国纽约的一家报纸报道说，一家动物园里的所有动物都从园里逃了出来，在大街上踩死踩伤很多人，提醒市民注意安全。

最后被告知这是一起恶作剧；第三则是20世纪马拉松国际长跑比赛的“冠军”获得者是弄虚作假得来的荣誉，最后被取消成绩。

42.C【解析】推理判断题。

根据原文第一段中的“amanfromHungarybuiltawonderfulmachinethatcouldplaychessverywell”可知，有个匈牙利人对外吹嘘自己发明了一个下象棋高手的“机器”，这让欧洲各地的人们非常高兴。

故推断画线代词it指的是“会思考的机器”。

故选C。

43.D【解析】推理判断题。

通读原文可知，“会思考的机器”其实是利用藏在机器里面的一个擅长下象棋的人来博取胜利的，而不是电脑；在1874年的“动物大逃亡”的骗局中，被动物踩死的人数是27人，不是200人；RosieRuiz是在登上领奖台接受颁奖时，看起来好像一点都不疲惫，而不是在冲刺终点线的时候；只有选项D说法“RosieRuiz没有出现在比赛电视直播的画面里”在原文提到过。

故选D。

44.B【解析】推理判断题。

通读原文可知，这三个骗局起初都蒙骗了许多人，故选项B说法是真实的。

故选B。

45.A【解析】推断理解题。

文章的标题为“三个世纪骗局”，文章介绍这三个曾欺骗蒙蔽过许多人的跨世纪的骗局，因为作者认为骗局并不是新生事物。

故选A。

（2017·浙江嘉兴舟山）C

Haveyoueverbeeninaconflict（冲突）?

Doyouknowhowtosolveit?

Conflictresolutionisapeacefulwayoftryingtosolveaconflict.Bothsidesintheconflictexplainwhattheythinkhappenedtocauseit.Thepersonwholistenstobothsidesiscalledthemediator（调解人）.

Afterbothsidestellwhattheythinkhappenedtocausetheconflict,theydiscusswaystosolveit.Theytrytocomeupwitha“resolution”thatbothsidesagreeto.Theycannotbeangryduringthecommunication.Everyoneshouldusegoodlisteningandattendingskillswhiletalking.Ifvoicesgettooloudoritappearsthatsomeoneisangry,themediatorwillspeakupandhavethemtreateachotherwithrespect.Afterdifferentsuggestionsaresharedinhowtomediatetheconflict,itistimefor

discussingthebestsolution（解决办法）.

Hereisanexampleofhowconflictresolutionworksstepbystepinaschoolplaygroundsetting:

●Someonesaysastudentpushedhimonthefootballfield.

●Thepersonwhowasaccusedasthe“pusher”saysitwasactuallyanaccident.

●Thepersonwhowaspushedgetsthemediator.

●Themediatortakesthetwopersonstoaquieterplace,awayfromotherstotalk.

●Themediatorcalmsthemdownandletsthemknowheunderstandstheirfeelings.

●Eachpersondescribeswhathappened.

●Themediatorrepeatswhatheheard,soitiscleartoeveryone.

●Themediatorasksforideastosolvetheproblem.

●