阅读理解之猜测词义型PPT推荐.ppt

阅读理解之猜测词义型PPT推荐.ppt

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、理解主旨要义；

、理解文中具体信息；

、根据上下文推断生词的词义；

、作出简单判断和理解；

、理解文章的基本结构；

、理解作者的意图和态度。

猜测词义题目类型,对考纲外生词的猜测,ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglots:

Mr.Jim,forexample,speaksfivelanguagesfluently.“polyglot”mostprobablymeans“_.”,对考纲内熟词新义的猜测,Ihadfirstknownshewaswrong,thatheranxietyhadcloudedherjudgment.（04全国卷）“cloud”means“_.”,Thebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelasttenyearsisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyplastic.Ifyouaskyourbraintolearn,itwilllearn.（07四川卷）Bysaying“thebrainatanyageishighlyplastic”,thewritermeansthebraincanbe_.A.usedB.masteredC.developedD.researched,对句义的猜测,词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：

1.Theword“”refersto/probablymeans/couldbestbereplacedby_.2.Theword“”ismostlikelytomean_.3.Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“”standsfor?

4.Theunderlinedword“”means_.,语境法Contextclues,构词法Wordformation,猜测词意,高考阅读理解专题,WordFormation构词法：

英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。

词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。

在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。

只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。

Usingwordformation（构词法）,refix（前缀）,suffix（后缀）,un-,baseword（词根）,forget,-able,根据构词法：

合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等,unconditional:

无条件的,绝对的adj.,condition,conditional,情况，条件n.,有条件的adj.,unconditional:

nonjudgmental:

没有判断力的,judge,judgment,judgmental,判断v.,判断n.,adj.,nonjudgmental:

-er-or-ian-ist-ese-ess,后缀,构成可数名词,猜一猜:

solutiondruggistelectriciangreatnessreminder,构词法,-ment-tion-ness-sion-ery-ing,后缀,构成抽象名词,dis-in-mis-un-non-,否定前缀,re-co-mini-over-super-pre-post-vice-en-tele-,其它前缀,重复,共同,平等,小,过度,超出,-后,副的,使-可能,远程,-前,（2003NMET）Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.,unconditional:

nonjudgmental:

无条件的，绝对的,没有判断力的,1.（05重庆卷）Itstruethatlighthousewerebuiltinout-of-the-wayplace.2.Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50,000yearsago,howcouldtheyevenbegintopicturemodernlife?

3.Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundanimpassableriverinfrontofhim.,Word-formation,（合成形容词）,（词性变化）,（复合法，转化法，派生法）,（词的派生）,语境法猜测词义,语境法猜测词义,1、定义描述,Ex.Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.Weareonthenightshift-frommidnightto8a.m.-thisweek.,木匠,动物学家,牧人,夜班,Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwater,theirfields.Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.,灌溉,灌溉,有牙齿的,定义或释义关系常由定语从句或becalled，beknownas,bedefinedas等词汇或破折号来表示；

或由is,thatis（tosay）,inotherwords，toputitanotherway引出一些具体的解释性的短语放在生词后做它的同位语，用逗号隔开，构成同位关系。

小结,2.同义词Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.,取代,圆胖的,反义词ThoughTomsfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.,污秽的,节约的,Ex.Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.Ifyouagree,write“yes”;

ifyoudissent,write“no”.Somehumanactionsarelearned,butquiteafewotheractionsareinnate.Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthetheft.,混乱,无辜的,天生的,不同意,由and或or，like,asas,thesameas等连接的两个词构成同义关系；

表转折关系的词常有如but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,though，onthecontrary等。

小结,（05广东卷）“UnlikevitaminC,leadershipskillscantbeeasilyswalloweddown.Theymustbecarefullycultivated.”Theunderlinedwordroughlymeans_.A.encouragedB.comparedC.examinedD.developed,3、因果关系Rubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.,弹性的,混浊的,Ex.SinceIcouldnotaffordtopurchasetheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.Hessuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.,复制品,精明的,修剪,常用关联词（如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，so,sothat,suchthattherefore等）表示前因后果。

小结,（06陕西卷）Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsonolongerhavearoofo