阅读理解之猜测词义型PPT推荐.ppt

1、、理解主旨要义；、理解文中具体信息；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出简单判断和理解；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图和态度。,猜测词义题目类型,对考纲外生词的猜测,Many United Nations employees are polyglots:Mr.Jim,for example,speaks five languages fluently.“polyglot”most probably means“_.”,对考纲内熟词新义的猜测,I had first known she was wrong,that her anxiety had clouded her judgment.

2、（04全国卷）“cloud”means“_.”,The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic.If you ask your brain to learn,it will learn.（07四川卷）By saying“the brain at any age is highly plastic”,the writer means the brain can be _.A.used B.mastered C.developed D

3、.researched,对句义的猜测,词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：1.The word“”refers to/probably means/could best be replaced by _.2.The word“”is most likely to mean _.3.What do you think the expression“”stands for?4.The underlined word“”means _.,语境法Contextclues,构词法Word formation,猜测词意,高考阅读理解专题,Word Formation 构词法：英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词

4、尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。,Using word formation（构词法）,refix（前缀）,suffix（后缀）,un-,base word（词根）,forget,-able,根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等,unconditional:,无条件的,绝对的 adj.,condition,conditional,情况，条件 n.,有条件的 adj.,unconditional:,nonjudg

5、mental:,没有判断力的,judge,judgment,judgmental,判断 v.,判断 n.,adj.,nonjudgmental:,-er-or-ian-ist-ese-ess,后缀,构成可数名词,猜一猜:solution druggistelectriciangreatness reminder,构词法,-ment-tion-ness-sion-ery-ing,后缀,构成抽象名词,dis-in-mis-un-non-,否定前缀,re-co-mini-over-super-pre-post-vice-en-tele-,其它前缀,重复,共同,平等,小,过度,超出,-后,副的,使-可

6、能,远程,-前,（2003NMET）With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.,unconditional:nonjudgmental:,无条件的，绝对的,没有判断力的,1.（05重庆卷）Its true that lighthouse were built in out-of-the-way place.2.When

7、 men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago,how could they even begin to picture modern life?3.When he reached the place with his army,he found an impassable river in front of him.,Word-formation,（合成形容词）,（词性变化）,（复合法，转化法，派生法）,（词的派生）,语境法猜测词义,语境法猜测词义,1、定义描述,Ex.A person who is skilled at making or

8、repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.His uncle is a zoologist,an expert who does research on animals.The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.We are on the night shift-from midnight to 8 a.m.-this week.,木匠,动物学家,牧人,夜班,In some countries where there is very little rain,t

9、he farmers have to irrigate,or water,their fields.All whales fall into two groups,those with teeth and those without,Dolphins belong to odontoceti,that is to say,they are toothed whales.,灌溉,灌溉,有牙齿的,定义或释义关系常由定语从句或be called，be known as,be defined as等词汇或破折号来表示；或由is,that is（to say）,in other words，to put

10、 it another way引出 一些具体的解释性的短语放在生词后做它的同位语，用逗号隔开，构成同位关系。,小 结,2.同义词 The new tax law supersedes,or replaces,the law that was in effect last year.Mother was tall,fat and middle-aged.My aunt was an old woman,almost as plump as mother,and much shorter.,取代,圆胖的,反义词Though Toms face has been washed quite clean

11、,his neck still remains grubby.John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things,his wife,however,is very thrifty.,污秽的,节约的,Ex.In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.If you agree,write“yes”;if you dissent,write“no”.Some h

12、uman actions are learned,but quite a few other actions are innate.Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money,I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.,混乱,无辜的,天生的,不同意,由and或or，like,as as,the same as等连接的两个词构成同义关系；表转折关系的词常有如but,while,however,instead of,rather than,unli

13、ke,yet,otherwise,though，on the contrary等。,小 结,（05广东卷）“Unlike vitamin C,leadership skills cant be easily swallowed down.They must be carefully cultivated.”The underlined word roughly means _.A.encouraged B.comparedC.examined D.developed,3、因果关系Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its nor

14、mal length because it is very elastic.The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.,弹性的,混浊的,Ex.Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting,I bought a replica.An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.Hes such a shrewd businessman that

15、 he loses no money in any trade.She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.,复制品,精明的,修剪,常用关联词（如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，so,so that,such that therefore等）表示前因后果。,小 结,（06陕西卷）The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have a roof o