经典解读TheGreatGatsbyWord文档下载推荐.docx

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TheGreatGatsby

AUTHOR 

F.ScottFitzgerald

TYPEOFWORK 

Novel

GENRE 

Modernistnovel,JazzAgenovel,novelofmanners

TIMEANDPLACEWRITTEN 

1923–1924,AmericaandFrance

DATEOFFIRSTPUBLICATION 

1925

NARRATOR 

NickCarraway;

Carrawaynotonlynarratesthestorybutimpliesthatheisthebook’sauthor

POINTOFVIEW 

NickCarrawaynarratesinbothfirstandthirdperson,presentingonlywhathehimselfobserves.Nickalternatessectionswherehepresentseventsobjectively,astheyappearedtohimatthetime,withsectionswherehegiveshisowninterpretationsofthestory’smeaningandofthemotivationsoftheothercharacters.

TONE 

Nick’sattitudestowardGatsbyandGatsby’sstoryareambivalentandcontradictory.AttimesheseemstodisapproveofGatsby’sexcessesandbreachesofmannersandethics,buthealsoromanticizesandadmiresGatsby,describingtheeventsofthenovelinanostalgicandelegiactone.

TENSE 

Past

SETTING（TIME） 

Summer1922

SETTINGS（PLACE） 

LongIslandandNewYorkCity

PROTAGONIST 

Gatsbyand/orNick

MAJORCONFLICT 

Gatsbyhasamassedavastfortuneinordertowintheaffectionsoftheupper-classDaisyBuchanan,buthismysteriouspaststandsinthewayofhisbeingacceptedbyher.

RISINGACTION 

Gatsby’slavishparties,Gatsby’sarrangementofameetingwithDaisyatNick’s

CLIMAX 

Therearetwopossibleclimaxes:

Gatsby’sreunionwithDaisyinChapters5–6;

theconfrontationbetweenGatsbyandTominthePlazaHotelinChapter7.

FALLINGACTION 

Daisy’srejectionofGatsby,Myrtle’sdeath,Gatsby’smurder

THEMES 

ThedeclineoftheAmericandream,thespiritofthe1920s,thedifferencebetweensocialclasses,theroleofsymbolsinthehumanconceptionofmeaning,theroleofthepastindreamsofthefuture

MOTIFS 

Theconnectionbetweeneventsandweather,theconnectionbetweengeographicallocationandsocialvalues,imagesoftime,extravagantparties,thequestforwealth

SYMBOLS 

ThegreenlightonDaisy’sdock,theeyesofDoctorT.J.Eckleburg,thevalleyofashes,Gatsby’sparties,EastEgg,WestEgg

FORESHADOWING 

ThecarwreckafterGatsby’spartyinChapter3,OwlEyes’scommentsaboutthetheatricalityofGatsby’slife,themysterioustelephonecallsGatsbyreceivesfromChicagoandPhiladelphia

1.AnalysisofMajorCharacters

JayGatsby

ThetitlecharacterofTheGreatGatsbyisayoungman,aroundthirtyyearsold,whorosefromanimpoverishedchildhoodinruralNorthDakotatobecomefabulouslywealthy.However,heachievedthisloftygoalbyparticipatinginorganizedcrime,includingdistributingillegalalcoholandtradinginstolensecurities.Fromhisearlyyouth,Gatsbydespisedpovertyandlongedforwealthandsophistication—hedroppedoutofSt.Olaf’sCollegeafteronlytwoweeksbecausehecouldnotbearthejanitorialjobwithwhichhewaspayinghistuition.ThoughGatsbyhasalwayswantedtoberich,hismainmotivationinacquiringhisfortunewashisloveforDaisyBuchanan,whomhemetasayoungmilitaryofficerinLouisvillebeforeleavingtofightinWorldWarIin1917.GatsbyimmediatelyfellinlovewithDaisy’sauraofluxury,grace,andcharm,andliedtoherabouthisownbackgroundinordertoconvinceherthathewasgoodenoughforher.Daisypromisedtowaitforhimwhenheleftforthewar,butmarriedTomBuchananin1919,whileGatsbywasstudyingatOxfordafterthewarinanattempttogainaneducation.Fromthatmomenton,GatsbydedicatedhimselftowinningDaisyback,andhisacquisitionofmillionsofdollars,hispurchaseofagaudymansiononWestEgg,andhislavishweeklypartiesareallmerelymeanstothatend.

Fitzgeralddelaystheintroductionofmostofthisinformationuntilfairlylateinthenovel.Gatsby’sreputationprecedeshim—GatsbyhimselfdoesnotappearinaspeakingroleuntilChapter3.FitzgeraldinitiallypresentsGatsbyasthealoof,enigmatichostoftheunbelievablyopulentpartiesthrowneveryweekathismansion.Heappearssurroundedbyspectacularluxury,courtedbypowerfulmenandbeautifulwomen.HeisthesubjectofawhirlwindofgossipthroughoutNewYorkandisalreadyakindoflegendarycelebritybeforeheiseverintroducedtothereader.FitzgeraldpropelsthenovelforwardthroughtheearlychaptersbyshroudingGatsby’sbackgroundandthesourceofhiswealthinmystery（thereaderlearnsaboutGatsby’schildhoodinChapter6andreceivesdefinitiveproofofhiscriminaldealingsinChapter7）.Asaresult,thereader’sfirst,distantimpressionsofGatsbystrikequiteadifferentnotefromthatofthelovesick,naiveyoungmanwhoemergesduringthelaterpartofthenovel.

FitzgeraldusesthistechniqueofdelayedcharacterrevelationtoemphasizethetheatricalqualityofGatsby’sapproachtolife,whichisan