ACCA-F1-Ch15-Motivating-individuals-and-groupsPPT推荐.pptx

ACCA-F1-Ch15-Motivating-individuals-and-groupsPPT推荐.pptx

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Chapter15Motivatingindividualsandgroups,TOPICLIST,2022/10/9,2,motivationaltheories,rewards,overview,1.Overviewofmotivation,Motivationadecision-makingprocessthroughwhichtheindividualchoosesdesiredoutcomesandsetsinmotionthebehaviourappropriatetoacquiringthem.HuczynskiandBuchananCommonlyusedcontexts:

@#@Thegoalsoroutcomes,e.g.money,powerAmentalprocessAsocialprocess,2022/10/9,3,Motivationasneedsandgoals,NeedsThehumanbiologywhichrequirescertainbasicsforlife.Goalsmayvarywithtime,circumstancesetc.suchasChildhoodenvironmentandeducationExperienceAgeandpositionCultureSelf-concept,2022/10/9,4,Thebasicassumptionsofmotivation,2022/10/9,5,behavetosatisfytheirneedsandfulfiltheirgoals,People,canoffersomeofthesatisfactionspeopleseek,canthereforeinfluencepeopletobehaveinwaysitdesires,positiveattitudetotheirworkandexperiencejobsatisfaction,People,Organisations,Organisations,Howusefulismotivationasaconcept?

@#@,Motivationisausefulconcept.Buttheimpactofmotivationandjobsatisfactiononperformanceisdifficulttomeasureaccurately.ToworksmarternotnecessarilyharderThesignsbywhichlowmoraleordissatisfactionaregaugedarealsoambiguous.,2022/10/9,6,Lowproductivity?

@#@Highlabourturnover?

@#@Attitudesurveys,Theoriesofmotivation,toexplainmotivationandwhyandhowpeoplecanbemotivated.,2022/10/9,7,Contenttheories,Processtheories,Whatarethethingsthatmotivatepeople?

@#@,Howcanpeoplebemotivated?

@#@,A.Contenttheoriesofmotivation,MaslowshierarchyofneedsHerzbergstwo-factortheory,2022/10/9,8,Maslowshierarchyofneeds,2022/10/9,9,Maslowshierarchyofneeds,Eachlevelofneedisdominantuntilsatisfied.Aneedwhichhasbeensatisfiednolongermotivatesanindividualsbehaviour.Theneedforself-actualisationcanrarelybesatisfied.Freedomofenquiryandexpressionneeds;@#@Knowledgeandunderstandingneeds,2022/10/9,10,Question,DecidewhichofMaslowscategoriesthefollowingfitinto.（a）Receivingpraisefromyourmanager（b）Afamilyparty（c）Anartistforgettingtoeat（d）Amanwasheduponadesertisland（e）Apayincrease（f）Joiningalocaldramagroup（g）BeingawardedtheOBE（h）Buyingahouse,2022/10/9,11,Esteemneeds,Socialneeds,Self-actualisationneeds,Physiologicalneeds,Safetyneeds,Esteemneeds,Social/Self-actualisationneeds,Esteemneeds,SafetyneedsorEsteemneeds,Maslowshierarchyofneeds,SimpleandintuitivelyattractiveLimitations,2022/10/9,12,Onebehaviormayresponsetoseveralneeds,orthesameneedmaycausedifferentbehavior.,Itignorestheconceptofdeferredgratification（延迟满足）andaltruisticbehavior（利他行为）,ThehierarchyreflectsUKandUSculturalvalues,whichmaynottransfertoothercontexts.,Empiricalverificationishardtocomeby.,Herzbergstwo-factortheory,Hygienefactors（保健因素）TheneedtoavoidunpleasantnessRelatedtotheenvironmentandconditionsworkIfinadequate,hygienefactorscausedissatisfactionwithworkMotivatorfactors（激励因素）TheneedforpersonalgrowthConnectedtotheworkitselfTheseactivelycreatejobsatisfaction,2022/10/9,13,Herzbergstwo-factortheory,2022/10/9,14,Companypolicy&@#@administrationSalaryThequalityofsupervisionInterpersonalrelationsWorkingconditionsJobsecurity,StatusAdvancementResponsibilityRecognitionbycolleague&@#@managementChallengingworkAsenseofachievementGrowthinthejob,hygienefactors,motivatorfactors,Herzbergstwo-factortheory,Alackofmotivatorfactorswillencourageemployeestoconcentrateonthehygienefactors.However,althoughtheycanberegardedasmotivatorsintheveryshortterm,willeventuallydissatisfy.Thus,itisimportanttoofferjobsatisfactionthroughenhancedmotivatorfactors.,2022/10/9,15,Herzbergstwo-factortheory,Thestudywasbasedon203PittsburghengineersandaccountantsCriticismAninadequatelysmallsamplesizeAlimitedculturalcontext（Westernprofessionals）,2022/10/9,16,B.Processtheoriesofmotivation,Vroomsexpectancytheory,2022/10/9,17,Vroomsexpectancytheory,VictorVroom:

@#@Thestrengthofanindividualsmotivationistheproductoftwofactors.Force=Thelowerthevaluesofvalenceorexpectancy,thelessthemotivation.,2022/10/9,18,x,Vroomsexpectancytheory,ManagerialimplicationsIntendedresultsshouldbemadeclearIndividualsaremorecommittedtospecificgoalswhichtheyhavehelpedtosetthemselvesImmediateandon-goingfeedbackshouldbegiven.Keepcautionifanindividualisrewardedaccordingtoperformancetiedtostandards.（heorshemaywellsetlowerstandards.）,2022/10/9,19,C.Choosingamotivationalapproach,McGregor:

@#@TheoryXandTheoryYAmanagersapproachtomotivatingpeopledependsontheassumptions（s）hemakesaboutwhatmakesthemtick.,2022/10/9,20,McGregor:

@#@TheoryXandTheoryY,2022/10/9,21,Mostpeopledislikework&@#@responsibilityMostpeoplemustbecoerced,controlled,directedand/orthreatenedwithpunishment.,TheoryX,Physical/mentaleffortinworkisasnat