一个小小的建议中英对照文档格式.docx

一个小小的建议中英对照文档格式.docx

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ByJonathanSwift,1729

一个温和的建议

为了防止体弱的孩子在爱尔兰的人摆脱精神负担他们的父母或国家，并且让他们有利于公众

1729由乔纳森。

斯威夫特

Itisamelancholyobjecttothosewhowalkthroughthisgreattownortravelinthecountry,whentheyseethestreets,theroads,andcabindoors,crowdedwithbeggarsofthefemalesex,followedbythree,four,orsixchildren,allinragsandimportuningeverypassengerforanalms.Thesemothers,insteadofbeingabletoworkfortheirhonestlivelihood,areforcedtoemployalltheirtimeinstrollingtobegsustenancefortheirhelplessinfants:

whoastheygrowupeitherturnthievesforwantofwork,orleavetheirdearnativecountrytofightforthePretenderinSpain,orsellthemselvestotheBarbadoes.

对于走过这座大城市，或在乡间旅行的人，他们看到的这些景象真是悲凉：

街上、马路上、茅屋内挤满了女乞丐，后面跟着三个、四个或六个衣衫褴褛的孩子，向每个路人强要施舍。

.这些母亲无法靠诚实劳动谋生，被迫终日游荡去养活那些无助的孩子，这些孩子长大后要么因找不到工作而沦为小偷，要么背井离乡去为西班牙那个觊觎王位者卖命，也许还会卖身到巴巴多斯。

Ithinkitisagreedbyallpartiesthatthisprodigiousnumberofchildreninthearms,oronthebacks,orattheheelsoftheirmothers,andfrequentlyoftheirfathers,isinthepresentdeplorablestateofthekingdomaverygreatadditionalgrievance;

and,therefore,whoevercouldfindoutafair,cheap,andeasymethodofmakingthesechildrensound,usefulmembersofthecommonwealth,woulddeservesowellofthepublicastohavehisstatuesetupforapreserverofthenation.

我想所有的党派人士（各方面）都会同意，这些母亲（有时常常是父亲）怀中抱着、背上背着以及身后跟着的数量如此多的孩子，在王国可悲的现状下，将是一个平添民怨的灾难。

.如果谁能想出一个简单易行的办法让这些孩子成为国家的健全有用之才，他将值得公众为他树立雕像，尊他为保国英雄。

Butmyintentionisveryfarfrombeingconfinedtoprovideonlyforthechildrenofprofessedbeggars:

itisofamuchgreaterextent,andshalltakeinthewholenumberofinfantsatacertainagewhoarebornofparentsineffectaslittleabletosupportthemasthosewhodemandourcharityinthestreets.

然而我的目的远不止限于救治那些公开宣称的乞丐的孩子，我所说的范围要大得多，包括所有那些在某个年代出生，其父母与那些在街上要求我们大发慈悲的乞丐一样，无力养活他们的幼儿。

Astomyownpart,havingturnedmythoughtsformanyyearsuponthisimportantsubject,andmaturelyweighedtheseveralschemesofotherprojectors,Ihavealwaysfoundthemgrosslymistakeninthecomputation.Itistrue,achildjustdroppedfromitsdammaybesupportedbyhermilkforasolaryear,withlittleothernourishment;

atmostnotabovethevalueof2s.,whichthemothermaycertainlyget,orthevalueinscraps,byherlawfuloccupationofbegging;

anditisexactlyatoneyearoldthatIproposetoprovidefortheminsuchamannerasinsteadofbeingachargeupontheirparentsortheparish,orwantingfoodandraimentfortherestoftheirlives,theyshallonthecontrarycontributetothefeeding,andpartlytotheclothing,ofmanythousands.

至于我自己，我酝酿这个想法已有多年，也曾和其他提出计划的人充分地权衡过几个方案，但总是发现他们在计算时犯了极大的错误。

确实，一个初生的婴儿在第一年里也许只需母乳而不用其他营养品，费用顶多不超过两先令，或不超过乞讨所得的残羹剩饭的价值。

这两先令他们的母亲通过合法的乞讨肯定能挣到的。

为了使他们不再成为父母或其所在教区的负担，也无需在余生要吃要穿，我提议，在正好一岁的时候，他们反而应该为成千上万的人的食物，部分也可以作为衣物。

Thereislikewiseanothergreatadvantageinmyscheme,thatitwillpreventthosevoluntaryabortions,andthathorridpracticeofwomenmurderingtheirbastardchildren,alas!

toofrequentamongus!

sacrificingthepoorinnocentbabesIdoubtmoretoavoidtheexpensethantheshame,whichwouldmovetearsandpityinthemostsavageandinhumanbreast.

我的方案也有另外一个很大的好处，它能使妇女自愿堕胎和可怕的杀婴行为就此绝迹。

唉，这种现象在我们之中太普遍了，我怀疑（她们）牺牲那些无辜的婴儿与其说是为了逃避耻辱，不如说是为了逃避抚养的代价。

即使是最无情最没人性的人，对此也将一洒同情之泪。

Thenumberofsoulsinthiskingdombeingusuallyreckonedonemillionandahalf,oftheseIcalculatetheremaybeabouttwohundredthousandcouplewhosewivesarebreeders;

fromwhichnumberIsubtractthirtythousandcoupleswhoareabletomaintaintheirownchildren,althoughIapprehendtherecannotbesomany,underthepresentdistressesofthekingdom;

butthisbeinggranted,therewillremainanhundredandseventythousandbreeders.Iagainsubtractfiftythousandforthosewomenwhomiscarry,orwhosechildrendiebyaccidentordiseasewithintheyear.Thereonlyremainsonehundredandtwentythousandchildrenofpoorparentsannuallyborn.Thequestionthereforeis,howthisnumbershallberearedandprovidedfor,which,asIhavealreadysaid,underthepresentsituationofaffairs,isutterlyimpossiblebyallthemethodshithertoproposed.Forwecanneitheremploytheminhandicraftoragriculture;

weneitherbuildhouses（Imeaninthecountry）norcultivateland:

theycanveryseldompickupalivelihoodbystealing,tilltheyarriveatsixyearsold,exceptwheretheyareoftowardlyparts,althoughIconfesstheylearntherudimentsmuchearlier,duringwhichtime,theycanhoweverbeproperlylookedupononlyasprobationers,asIhavebeeninformedbyaprincipalgentlemaninthecountyofCavan,whoprotestedtomethatheneverknewaboveoneortwoinstancesun