Dreiser’s Naturalism in Sister Carrie 论在嘉莉妹妹中德莱赛的自然主义Word格式文档下载.docx

Dreiser’s Naturalism in Sister Carrie 论在嘉莉妹妹中德莱赛的自然主义Word格式文档下载.docx

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三是19世纪末在美国兴起的消费主义。

同时分析自然主义的三大特点：

欲望，本能和环境，最后得出结论：

《嘉莉妹妹》一文中主人公嘉莉妹妹的最终命运与德莱塞本人的命运息息相关，赫思渥德的最终堕落也是德莱塞惧怕失败的结果。

而德莱塞却把嘉莉妹妹和赫思特渥德最终得不到幸福归因于“人心

Dreiser'

sNaturalisminSisterCarrie

Abstract：

TheodoreDreiserisregardedasanoutstandingrepresentativeofAmericannaturalism.Inthisthesis,Dreiser'

sfirstnovelSisterCarrieistakenasanexampletoanalyzethefeaturesofDreiser'

snaturalism.ThethesisreferredtothreegreathistoricalandculturalbackgroundofthenovelwhichareDarwinism,Determinism.AmericanNaturalismandConsumerism.Meanwhilethethesisanalyzesthreefeaturesofnaturalism.Atlast,wecandrawtheconclusionthattheleadingcharacterofthenovel-Carrie'

sdestinyhasagreatconnectionwithDreiserhimselfandthedeclineofHurstwoodisaresultofDreiser'

sfearoffailure,butDreiserattributesCarrieandHurstwood'

sunhappinesstotheirinsatiabledesireforlifeortheyaredoomedtobeunhappyetc,andfromwhichwecanseeDreiser'

snaturalismeasily.

KeyWords：

NaturalismDarwinismConsumerismdesireenvironment

Contents

Introduction 1

1.ThehistoricalandculturalbackgroundforSisterCarrie 2

1.1DarwinismandDeterminism 2

1.2Americannaturalism 2

2.ThetypicalcharacteristicsofnaturalisminSisterCarrie 2

2.1Therelationshipamongreason,freewillandinstinct 2

2.2Theinfluenceoftheenvironment 3

3.Dreiser'

snaturalisticattitudeoftruthfulreflectionoflife 3

3.1Dreiser'

s"

Sister”-Carrie 3

3.2Hurstwood'

sdecline-Dreiser'

sfearoffailure 3

Conclusion 3

Notes 4

Bibliography 4

Dreiser,sNaturalisminSisterCarrie

ZhangYu

Introduction

TheodoreDreiserisoneofthemostinfluentialAmericanwritersofcriticalrealism,butmanyofhisworksreferredtothedescriptionofnaturalismandweakenedhiscriticalspirit.HisfirstnovelSisterCarriepublishedin1990revealedthefinancialdisparityandthemoraldeclineofAmericansocietyandthusregardedasforbiddenbook.Butnowthebookbecomesoneofthebest-sellersofAmericanliteraturebecauseofthenaturalisticfeaturesinit.ThenDreiserisregardedasapioneerofAmericannaturalismandasanaturalistDreiserexpressesthecharacteristicsofnaturalisminmostofhisworks.ThethemesofDarwinismandDeterminismarethecommonfeaturesofDreiser'

sstorywhichalsocharacterizeSisterCarrie.

Whenmostnovelsdealonlywiththesmilingandbeautifulaspectsoflife,Dreiseradvocatestruthfulreflectionoflifeinhisfiction.ItisnotanexaggerationtosaythatDreiser'

sSisterCarrieclearsthewayforthedevelopmentofAmericanfiction.

Since1900,AmericancriticshaveneverceasedtheirstudyonDreiser.Theearlyresearchwasmainlybasedonthewriter'

slifeexperience.Itprovideduswithlotsofusefulinformationaboutthewriter.Thestudywitnessedatransitionfromtheauthorhimselftothetextin1960s.From1980s,scholarsemployednewdevicesofFreudianism,FeminismandPost-Structuralismintheirstudies.ThesenewmethodshelpusknowDreiserandhisworksfromdifferentangles.However,onethingtheyshareincommonisthattheylackmacroscopicanalysis.

Inchina,someChinesecriticshavealsoshowngreatinterestinSisterCarrie.Twodomesticliterarymagazines,ForeignLiteratureStudyandForeignLiteratureReview,havebeenthemajorpublishingfieldsforthesecritics...

InordertofindoutDreisefsnaturalism,themethodoftextanalysisisemployedinthisthesis.TheauthorofthisthesisreadsthenovelintensivelysothatevidencescanbedugouttodemonstrateDreiser'

snaturalism.Anothermethod,culturalcriticism,isemployedtoresearchthecomplicatedrelationbetweenDreiserandthesocietyhelivedin.Dreiserisinvestigatedinhishistoricalandculturalbackground.TheconclusionshowsthatDreiserisnotonlyacriticizerofcapitalism,butalsoabuilderofAmericanculturalsystem.

1.ThehistoricalandculturalbackgroundforSisterCarrie

TheodoreDreiser'

sSisterCarriereflectstheprofoundtransformationsinAmericanlifeinthelatenineteenthcentury.Amongthemostsweepingchangesregisteredinthenovelaretheeconomy'

sshiftingfromanagriculturalbasetoan...

1.1DarwinismandDeterminism

SisterCarriewaswrittenatthetimewhenDarwinismwasprevalent.ManyofSisterCarrie'

sthemes-struggle,survivalanddesire-derivedirectlyfromtheevolutionaryviews.Theconceptofevolutionwasputforwardinthemid-19thcenturybyCharlesDarwin...

1.2Americannaturalism

SisterCarriewaswrittenandpublishedalsoattheriseofAmericannaturalism,whichmeansaparticulargenreoffictionthatdevelopedinthelate19thcenturyAmerica,andassociatedprincipallywithwriterssuchasJackLondon,StephenCrane,FrankNorrisandTheodore