英国文学简史问答题期末考试复习提纲.doc

英国文学简史问答题期末考试复习提纲.doc

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1.How muchdoyouknowabout theEnglishliteratureintheRomanticAge?

TheRomanticAgeinEnglandwasliketheElizabethanAge,distinctivelyanageofpoetry.ItwasregardedasthesecondgreatageinEnglishliteraryhistory;forpoetryisthehighestformofliteraryexpression,andseemstohavebeenmostinharmonywiththenoblestpowersoftheEnglishgenius.ThegloryoftheageisinthepoetryofScott,Wordsworth,Coleridge,Byron,Shelly,Keats,Moore,andSouthey；

‚Womennovelistsappearedinthisage.Itwasduringthisperiodthatwomenassumedforthefirsttime,animportantplaceinEnglishliterature.Mrs.AnneRadcliffwasoneofthemostsuccessfulwritersoftheschoolofexaggeratedromance.JaneAustenofferedushercharmingdescriptionsofeverydaylifeinherenduringworkhermasterpiece----PrideandPrejudice;

ƒThegreatesthistoricalnovelistWalterScottalsoappearedinthisperiod.Hishistoricalnovelscombinearomanticatmospherewitharealisticdescriptionofhistoricalbackgroundandcommonpeoplelife.Scottmarkedthetransitionfromromanticismtotheperiodofrealismwhichfollowedit;

„RomanticprosewasrepresentedbyLamb,Hazlitt,DeQuinceyandHume.Lambwasthebestessayist,whosefamiliaressaysareveryfamous.

3.WhatarethemajorfeaturesofDickens’novels?

Dickens’novelsofferamostcompleteandrealisticpictureoftheEnglishbourgeoissocietyofhisage.Hisnovelstellmuchoftheunhappyexperiencesofhisownchildhood.Theyreflecttheprotestofthepeopleagainstcapitalistexploitation,andcriticizethevicesofcapitalistsociety.

‚ThesuccessofDickensnovelsalsoliesinhischaracter-portrayal.Notonlyarethemajorcharactersinhisnovelsverycarefullydelineatedandgivendistinctiveindividualcharacteristicsbutalsohisminorfigurescreateinthereaders’mindstrongimpressionsoftheirpersonalities.SomeofDickens’charactersarereallysuch“typicalcharactersundertypicalcircumstances”thattheybecomeproverbialorarerepresentativeofawholegroupofsimilarpersons.

ƒDickensisagreathumoristandsatirist.Hisnovelsarefullofhumorandsatire

„Dickensisnotespeciallyknownfortheconstructionofplotinhisnovels.Thereisinhisnovelsoftenmorethanoneminorthreadofstorybesidethemajorone,andthesethreadsaregenerallyverylooselywoventogether.Heseemstoloveacomplicatedandinvolvedplot.

…InalmosteveryoneofDickens’novelsthereisahappyending,whichpointstotheauthor’soptimismwhichisanadmirablethingforacriticalrealistbecausethatmeanshisstillhashishopesafterseeingthegloomyworldallaroundhimandonehand,andasapetty-bourgeoisintellectual,couldnotoverstepthelimitsofhisclassontheotherhand.

 ⑥AnotherfeatureinDickens’novelsishisadroituseoflanguage.OnthewholeDickenshasarichnessofexpressionsandgenerallysucceedsinusingtherightwordsandphrasesattherightmomentsfortherightcharacterstoattaintherighteffects.

12.Whatare thecharacteristicsofDickens’novels?

（同第三题）

2.Whatarethechiefcharacteristicsofthe18th –centuryliteratureinEngland?

Themainliterarystreamofthe18thcenturywasrealism.Whatthewritersdescribedintheirworksweresocialrealities.Themaincharacterswereusuallycommonmen.Mostofthewritersconcentratedtheirattentionondailylife;

‚The18thcenturywasanageofprose.Agroupofexcellentprosewriters,suchasAddison,Steele,Swift,Fieldingwereproduced;

ƒNovelwritingmadeabigadvanceonthiscentury.Themaincharactersinthenovelswerenolongerkingsandnoblesbutthecommonpeople;

„Inthisagesatirewasmuchusedinwriting.Sincetherewasfiercestrifeofthepoliticalpartiesinsociety,nearlyeverywriterofthecenturywasemployedandrewardedbyWhigsorToriesforsatirizingtheirenemies.Englishliteratureofthisageproducedsomeexcellentsatirists,suchasPope,SwiftandFielding.

14.Whatare thechiefcharacteristicsofthe18th –centuryliteratureinEngland?

同第二题 

4.WhatarethemajorfeaturesofShakespeare’sdramaticworks?

Shakespeareisarealist.HeisoneofthefoundersofrealisminEnglishliterature.Hisplaysaremirrorsofhisage.Hedescribedthedecayingofthefeudalsocietyandtherisingofthebourgeoisspirit.Hiscomediesreflectlivesoftheyoungmenandwomenwhojustfreedthemselvesfromthefettersoffeudalismandwhowerestrivingforindividualemancipation.Hiscomedieslayemphasisonemancipationofwomen.InhistragediesShakespearedepictedthelifeanddeathstrugglebetweenthehumanists——thenewlyemergingforcesandthecorruptedkingandhisfeudalfollowers——thedarkpowerofthetown,andalsothecontradictionsbetweentherichandpoor.

‚ThestoriesofShakespeare’splaysoftentookplaceinothercountriesorinthepastinstea