英语英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析及解析.docx
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英语英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析及解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AlanSmithisblind.Heteachesblindchildreninhiscountry.Toshowtheworldthattheblindcanalsodosomethingamazing,hewalkedacrosstheworld'slargestsaltdesert,SalardeUyuni,onlywiththehelpofaGPS.
Walkingacrossthedesertisnoteasyforanable-bodiedperson,letalone（更不用说）ablindman.Beforesettingoff,Alanspentthreeyearstrainingforthejourney.Hestudiedeverythinghecouldfindabouttheplaceandaskedforadvicefromothertravelers.Duringhisjourney,heonlytookwater,foodandsleepingbags.Hewalkedabout20kilometersaday.Heshowedgreatperseverance（毅力）andfinishedthe140-kilometerjourneyinjustsevendays.
Thebraveteacherthoughthisweek-longjourneywaswonderful.Hesaid,"Thejourneywasquitegood.Thereweresnowstormsandwinds,butluckilyImadeit."
（1）WhydidAlancrossthedesertonfoot?
A. Totellchildrenastory.
B. Tohaveawonderfuljourney.
C. Totakeariskformoney.
D. Toshowtheabilityoftheblind.
（2）Theunderlinedphrase"settingoff"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans________.
A. preparingajourney
B. startingajourney
C. breakingajourney D. finishingajourney
（3）WhatdidAlandoduringthejourney?
A. Heovercameallofthedifficulties.
B. Heaskedforadvicefromothertravelers.
C. Hewalkedwithanexperiencedtourguide.
D. Hestudiedsomethingusefulabouttheplace.
（4）HowlongdidAlan'sjourneytake?
A. 140days.
B. Oneweek.
C. 20months.
D. 3years.
（5）WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAlan'sjourney?
A. Itisapieceofcake. B. Itisbetweenarockandahardplace.
C. Nothingisimpossible.
D. Learningshouldbealifelongjourney.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了AlanSmith为了向世界表明盲人也可以做一些令人惊奇的事情，他仅仅在GPS的帮助下步行穿过世界上最大的盐沙漠——SalardeUyuni。
（1）细节题。
根据Toshowtheworldthattheblindcanalsodosomethingamazing,hewalkedacrosstheworld'slargestsaltdesert,SalardeUyuni,onlywiththehelpofaGPS.可知为了向世界表明盲人也可以做一些令人惊奇的事情，故选D。
（2）细节题。
根据后句Alanspentthreeyearstrainingforthejourney.可知Alan花费三年时间为了这次旅行培训，所以是在出发前培训，故选B。
（3）细节题。
根据Thereweresnowstormsandwinds,butluckilyImadeit.可知他克服了所有的困难，故选A。
（4）细节题。
根据Heshowedgreatperseverance（毅力）andfinishedthe140-kilometerjourneyinjustsevendays.可知旅行是7天，即一周，故选B。
（5）细节题。
根据全文可知主要讲了AlanSmith为了向世界表明盲人也可以做一些令人惊奇的事情，他仅仅在GPS的帮助下步行穿过世界上最大的盐沙漠——SalardeUyuni，告诉人们一切皆有可能，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
2．阅读理解
Everybodyhatesrats.Butratsmaysoonbeman'snewgoodfriends.Whathappensafteranearthquake?
Wesendinrescuedogs.Why?
Becausetheycansmellpeople.Dogssavelives.Theyhelprescuerstofindlivingpeople.Butdogsarebigandtheycan'tgetintosmallspaces.Sonowanewresearchprojectisusingasmalleranimaltosavelives:
therat.
Howdoesitwork?
First,theratistrainedtosmellpeople.Whenthishappens,therat'sbraingivesasignal.Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback,andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.Whentherat'sbrainactivityjumps,therescuersknowthatsomeoneisalive.Therathassmelledthatperson.
Althoughtherearealreadyrobotswhichcandothisjob,ratsarebetter.Robots'nosesdon'tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsaround.Ratsaregoodatthat.Ratscanalsoseeinthedark,theyarecheaperandquickertotrainthandogs,andunlikerobots,theydon'tneedelectricity!
The"ratproject"isnotfinished.Butascientistsays,"Itwouldbegreat.Aratcouldgetintoanyplacewecouldn'tgetto,andaratwouldgetoutifitwasn'tsafe."Perhapsforthefirsttimeinhistory,peoplewillbehappytoseearatinabuilding（butonlyafteranearthquake,ofcourse）.
（1）Wheredoyouthinkyoucanfindthispassage?
A. Inamagazineabouttoys.
B. Inahistorybook.
C. Inanewspaperaboutscience.
D. Inanadvertisement.
（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?
A. Ratsdon'tneedelectricity.
B. Ratsarebetterthanrobotswhensmelling.
C. Ratsareascleverasradios. D. Ratscanseethingsinthedarkwhendoingrescues.
（3）Whydoesthe"ratproject"soundgreataccordingtothepassage?
A. Becauseratscangetintoverysmallspaces.
B. Becauseratshavebetternosesthandogs.
C. Becauseratsdon'tlikerobots.
D. Becauseratsarebrave.
（4）Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?
A. Waysofsavingpeople
B. Rats
C. Earthquakes
D. Ratsforrescue
【答案】
（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了老鼠是怎样营救人的。
（1）推断题。
根据全文可知主要讲了老鼠救人，所以可以在关于科学的报纸上发现，故选C。
（2）细节题。
根据Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback,andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.可知信号被发送给收音机，而没有说老鼠和收音机一样聪明，故选C。
（3）细节题。
根据"Itwouldbegreat.Aratcouldgetintoanyplacewecouldn'tgetto,andaratwouldgetoutifitwasn'tsafe."可知是因为老鼠可以去非常小的地方，故选A。
（4）主旨题。
根据全文可知主要讲了老鼠是怎样营救人的。
故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
3．阅读理解
MynameisWeiHuaandI'masportingrobotofthe23rdcentury.I'mcleverathighflyingexercises.IjumpfromspaceshipsandasIfall,Iturn,dive,circleanddanceuntilIsoftlylandascloseasIcantothefinishingline.
Robotcompetitionsinthe23rdcenturyaretrulyapopularsport.FansfromalloverChinawatchtheirhand—heldTVswhenacompetitioncomeson.LasttimeItookpartinthe78thOlympicsandIwonthesilvermedalformyperformance.
ThisyearIwasveryproudtobechosenagain.Iwantedtomeetrobotsfromothercountriesandexploreideasaboutoursport.However,myprogrammerfellilltheweekbeforewewereleaving.ItwasverypainfulforherandIfeltveryscared.Ididn'tfeelsoconfidentthatIwouldwin.
Thedayofthecompetitionwasrathercoldformylegsandmyspecialoilbegantofreeze.Istoppedforamoment（whichIshouldn't）beforeIjumpedfromthestartingplaceonalittlespaceship,thenIbeganmyperformance.AtthecorrectmomentItriedtoopenmyparachute（降落伞）buttherewasaproblem.Itonlyopenedalittle.IbegantofallfasterandfastersothatIcouldnotturn,dive,circleordance.MyheartstoppedbeatingasIlandedheavilyonamountaincoveredwithsnow.
ThisiswhyIamwritingtoyoufrommyhospitalbedwithtwobrokenlegsandaweakhead.IdidnotwinanythingattheOlympicsafterall.Ineedthefactorytobuildmetwonewlegsandanevenbiggerhead.ThenIwillbeabletocompeteoncemore.Let'shopeforgreatersuccessinthenextOlympics!
（1）WeiHuafinished_________inthe78thOlympicshighflyingsport.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
（2）Whydidn'tWeiHuafeelsoconfidentabouthimselfbeforethisyear'sgame?
A. Hisprogrammerwassick.
B. Hehadagreatpaininhisleg.
C. Hehimselffellillbeforetheywereleaving.
D. Hecouldn'tmeetrobotsfromothercountries.
（3）AccordingtoParagraph3,howmanyreasonsledtoWeiHua'sfailureinthecompetition?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
（4）HowisWeiHuafeelingnow?
A. Fullofhope.
B. Unsureabouthimself.
C. Heart-broken.
D. Satisfiedwithhisresultthisyear.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了23世纪的运动机器人魏华参加今年奥运会时失败了，希望自己得到改善后能够在下次奥运会取得成就。
（1）细节题。
根据LasttimeItookpartinthe78thOlympicsandIwonthesilvermedalformyperformance.可知魏华赢得了银奖，即第二名，故选B。
（2）细节题。
根据However,myprogrammerfellilltheweekbeforewewereleaving.ItwasverypainfulforherandIfeltveryscared.Ididn'tfeelsoconfidentthatIwouldwin.可知程序员生病了，所以魏华是不自信的，故选A。
（3）细节题。
根据myprogrammerfellilltheweekbeforewewereleaving.ItwasverypainfulforherandIfeltveryscared.Ididn'tfeelsoconfidentthatIwouldwin.Thedayofthecompetitionwasrathercoldformylegsandmyspecialoilbegantofreeze.AtthecorrectmomentItriedtoopenmyparachute（降落伞）buttherewasaproblem.Itonlyopenedalittle.可知程序员生病了，所以让魏华不自信；比赛那天天气是寒冷的，魏华的油开始结冰；降落伞仅仅开了一点，三个原因让魏华比赛失败，故选C。
（4）细节题。
根据Let'shopeforgreatersuccessinthenextOlympics!
希望下一届奥运会取得更大的成功，可知魏华是充满希望的，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
4．阅读理解
Dostarsonlyappearatnight?
Theanswerisno.Venus（金星）istheoneandonlystarthatcanbeseeninthedaytime.ItshoneatitsbrightestinthenightskyonFebruary17th,2017.
Venusisthesecondplanetfromthesuninoursolarsystem.Itisthesecondbrightestnaturalobject,behindEarth'smoon,inthenightsky.Whyisitsobright?
Firstofall,VenusistheclosestplanettoEarth.Itisalsocoveredbyhighlyreflective（反射的）clouds,whichcanreflectabout70percentofthesunlightstriking（照射） it,almosttwiceasmuchas Earthdoes.
Somecalled2017theyearofVenus,becausetheplanetisatitsbrightestwhenitgoesfurtherawayfromthesun,andnearertoEarth.ThebrightestmomenthappenedonceinFebruary,andhappenedagain,duringdaylight,onApril30th.
IfVenusissobrightandclosetous,isn'titabetterchoiceforhumanexplorationthanMars?
ItisclosertoEarththanMarsandit'sclosert
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