高考英语热点题型信息速递长征五号B运载火箭.docx

高考英语热点题型信息速递长征五号B运载火箭.docx

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高考英语热点题型信息速递长征五号B运载火箭

热点题型信息速递——长征五号B运载火箭

拓展词汇

神舟七号ShenzhouV11（spacecraft）

载人飞船mannedspaceship/spacecraft

载人航天mannedspaceflight

多人多天太空飞行multi-mannedandmulti-dayspaceflight

载人航天计划mannedspaceprogram

航天飞机spaceshuttle

无人飞船unmannedspaceship/spacecraft

试验太空船ExperimentalSpacecraft

多级火箭multistagerocket

太空舱capsule

返回式卫星recoverablesatellite

通信卫星communicationsatellite

遥感卫星remotesensingsatellite

运载火箭carrierrocket;rocket,launcher

近地轨道1owEarthorbit

调整轨道finetuneorbit

绕地球飞行orbittheearth

气象卫星weathersatellite/meteorologicalsatellite

太阳同步轨道卫星satelliteinSun-synchronousorbit

可步轨道卫星geosynchronoussatellite

轨道舱orbitalmodule

返回舱re-entrymodule

推进舱propellingmodule

指令舱commandmodule

服务舱servicemodule

登月舱1unarmodule

发射台launchpad

长征五号B运载火箭LongMarch-5Bcarrierrocket

中国载人航天工程办公室ChinaMannedSpaceEngineeringOffice（CMSEO）

核心舱coremodule

实验舱experimentmodule

运载能力payloadcapacity

轨道orbit

专项训练

一、TwonewsatellitesofBeiDouNavigation（导航）SatelliteSystem（BDS）①__________（send）intospaceonaLongMarch-3BcarrierrocketfromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCenterinSichuanProvince,Chinaat2:

07a.m.onNovember19,2018.ThesatellitesenteredaMediumEarthorbit②__________（safe）morethanthreehourslaterandwillworkwith17otherBDS-3satellitesalreadyinspace.Theyarealsothe42ndand43rd③__________ （member）oftheBDSsatellitefamily.

Chinalaunchedthesesatelliteswith④__________aimofprovidingnavigationservicesforcountriesandregionswhichparticipateintheBeltandRoadProposalbytheendof2018.“ThisisakeystepforBDSdeveloping⑤__________aChineseexperimentalsystemtoaregionalandthena⑥__________（globe）navigationsystem,”saidYangChangfeng,chiefdesigneroftheBeiDousystem.Thepositioning⑦__________（accurate）oftheBDS-3systemhasbeenimprovedto2.5metersto5meters,saidYang.

⑧__________（name）aftertheChinesetermforthePlough,theBeiDousystemhasbeenservingChinafor18years⑨__________anothersixBDS-3satelliteswillbeputintotheMediumEarthorbitfrom2019to2020.Thesystemisexpected⑩__________（provide）first-classservicesaroundtheglobebytheendof2020.

二、 Beijing—（13,July）Chinasentupanewdatarelaysatellite（数据中继卫星）,TianlianⅠ-02,onMondayattheXichangSatelliteLaunchCentreinSouth-westernSichuanprovince.Thenewsatellitewillpromotethecountry’ssatellitecommunicationnetworkforspacedocking（对接）.

    ThesatellitewaslaunchedonaLong-March-3Ccarrierrocketat11:

41p.m.,sourcesatthecentretoldXinhuaNewsAgency.Thesatelliteseparatedfromtherocket26minutesafteritslaunchandwasthensuccessfullydeliveredintoageostationarytransferorbit（地球同步转移轨道）.

    DevelopedbytheChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnologyundertheChinaAerospaceScienceandTechnologyCorporation,thesatelliteisthecountry’sseconddatarelaysatellite.Thefirst,TianlianⅠ-01,waslaunchedonApril25.2008.

    ThetwosatelliteswillformanetworktoimprovecommunicationsbetweenChina’sspacecraftandbasesonEarth,accordingtothecentre.Theywillalsobeusedtohelpthenation’sfirstspacedocking,scheduledforthesecondhalfofthisyear.

    Asplanned,ChinawilllaunchspacemoduleTiangong-Ⅰ,whichwasdesignedasaplatformthatwilldockwithanunmannedspaceship,Shenzhou,forthecounty’sfirstspace-dockingmissionthisyear.TwomoreShenzhouspaceshipswilldockwithTiangong-Ⅰnextyear,andonewillbemannedbytwoorthreeastronauts,accordingtoChinaMannedSpaceEngineeringOffice,whichwasthemainuseroftheTianlianⅠseriesdatarelaysatellites.

    “Thenewsatellitecancoveragreaterareatotrackandcommandthecountry’sspacevehiclesinlow-Earthorbits,suchasmannedspacecraftandremotesensingsatellites,fromahigherpositioninouterspace.Onlythreesatellitesofthiskindareneededtoformaglobalcommunicationnetwork,andChinahastwonow.”PangZhihao,aresearcheranddeputyeditor-in-chiefofSpaceInternational,said.

    Thesatellitecouldalsoequipastronautswithreal-timecommunications,whichwillbenefitthecountry’sfuturemannedspaceflights,hesaid.

1.WhatisthemainpurposetosendupTianlianⅠ-02?

A.TotestthefunctionofaLong-March-3Ccarrierrocket.

B.Tocarrysomeastronautsintospacetodosomeresearch.

C.Tosendmoreinformationandclearerpicturestomobilephonesontheearth.

D.Topromotethecountry’ssatellitecommunicationnetworkforspacedocking.

2.Fromthepassageweknow______.

A.onemoresuchsatelliteisneededtoformaglobalcommunicationnetwork

B.thesatellitewasdevelopedby

C.hinaMannedSpaceEngineeringOfficeC.itwaslessthanthreeyearssinceChinalauncheditsfirstdaterelaysatelliteofthiskind

D.thesatellitecouldhelptrackandcommandspacevehiclesinorbitsbecauseit’slowerinposition

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothenewsreport?

A.ShenzhouⅧisamannedspaceship.

B.Tiangong-IwilldockwiththreeShenzhouspaceshipsnextyear.

C.thesatelliteisofgreatimportancetoChina’sspaceexploration.

D.china’sfirstspacedockingwillbedoneinthesecondhalfofnextyear.

4.Thebesttitleofthepassagecouldbe______.

A.ChinaLaunchedaNewSpaceShuttle

B.China’sPlanforSpaceExploration

C.China’sProgressinChina’sSpaceExploration

D.NewSatelliteHelpsChina’sSpaceExploration

三、AnexcitinglandingprocessofChang'e-4 lunarprobe （月球探测器） was seenthroughthemonitoratBeijingAerospaceControlCenterinBeijing,Jan.3,2019.Ittoucheddownonthefarsideofthemoonat10:

26a.m.BeijingTime,becomingthefirstspacecraftsoft-landingonthemoon'sunknownsidenevervisiblefromEarth.  

China'sChang'e-4probehasstartedtheexplorationonthefarsideofthemoonthankstotherelaysatellitethatprovidesacommunicationlinkwithgroundcontrol.Therelaysatellite,namedQueqiao,meaningMagpieBridge,afteraChineselegend （传说） ,waslaunchedonMay21,2018,andbecamethefirstcommunicationsatelliteoperatinginthehaloorbit,nearly500,000kmfromtheearth.Itcanalsoprovidecommunicationforprobesfromothercountries.Therelaysatellitewillalsobeusedforscientificandtechnologicalexperiments.ThemaximumdistancebetweenthesatelliteandtheChang'e-4probeonthefarsideofthemoonis79,000km.ThesatelliteprocessesdatafromtheprobeandsendsittoEarth.  

Thesatellitecanstayinitsorbitforalongtimeduetoitsrelativelylowfuelconsumption,astheearth'sandmoon'sgravitybalancesitsorbitalmoving.Whileinorbit,itcan"see"boththeearthandthefarsideofthemoon.  

TheconceptofusingarelaysatelliteinthehaloorbitwasfirstputforwardbyU.S.spaceexpertsinthe1960s,butwasrealizedbyChinesespaceengineers.  

Researchershopetousethecamerasonthesatellitetorecordasteroids（小行星）hittingthefarsideofthemoon.TocontrolthecostoftheChang'e-4probe,therelaysatellitewasdesignedtoberelativelysmall,weighingabout400kg.  

Researchershadjust30monthstodevelopthesatellite,puttingthemunderhighpressure.Topromotepublicinterestinspaceexploration,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationinvitedpeopletowritedowntheirwishesforlunarandspaceexploration,andtherelaysatellitecarriesthenamesoftensofthousandsofparticipantsandtheirmessages.

1.Whatdowelearnfromthesecondparagraph?

A.TherelaysatellitewaslaunchedonJan.3,2019.

B.Changprobewasthefirstcommunicationsatellite.

C.Therelaysatelliteonlyexploresthefarsideofthemoon.

D.Therelaysatellitecanhandledatafromprobe.

2.Whywasthesizeoftherelaysatelliterelativelysmall?

A.Toreducethecostasmuchaspossible.

B.TomakeitcircleMoonforalongertime.

C.Toavoidbeingcrashedbyothersatellites.

D.TofollowAmericanspaceexperts'advice.

3.Whatmaderesearcherssufferfromgreatstress?

A.Fewpeopleinterestedintheexplorationonthemoon.

B.Therelaysatellitecarryingtoomuchequipment.

C.Theirlackingenoughtimetodeveloptherelaysatellite.

D.Peoplesneverbeingoptimisticabouttherelaysatellite.

4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.ChinaisanewspacepoweraftertheUSA.

B.ChangprobelandsonMoonsfarside.

C.Chinesespaceengineersmakemuchprogress.

D.Spaceexplorationisadangerouschallenge.

四、“Twocenturiesago,LewisandClarkleftSt.LouistoexplorethenewlandsacquiredintheLouisianaPurchase,”GeorgeW.Bushsaid,announcinghisdesireforaprogramtosendmenandwomentoMars.Theymadethatjourneyinthespiritofdiscovery.Americahasventuredforthintospaceforthesamereasons.”

   YettherearevitaldifferencesbetweenLewisandClark’sexpeditionandaMarsmission.First,theywereheadedtoaplacewherehundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerealreadyliving.Second,theywerecertaintodiscoverplacesandthingsofimmediatevaluetothenewnation.Third,theirventurecostnexttonothingbytoday’sstandards.AMarsmissionmaybethesinglemostexpensivenon-wartimeundertakinginU.S.history.

   AppealingasthethoughtoftraveltoMarsis,itdoesnotmeanthejourneymakessense,evenconsideringthehumancallingtoexplore.AndMarsasadestinationforpeoplemakesabsolutelynosensewithcurrenttechnology.

   PresentsystemsforgettingfromEarth’ssurfacetolow-Earthorbitaresofantasticallyexpensivethatmerelylaunchingthe1,000tonsorsoofspacecraftandequipmentaMarsmissionwouldrequirecouldbeaccomplishedonlybycuttinghealth-carebenefits,educationspending,orotherimportantprograms—orbyraisingtaxes.Absentsomeremarkablediscovery,astronauts,geologi