高中非谓语动词复习.docx
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高中非谓语动词复习
判断下划线部分在句中的成分。
(1)Thisisaninterestingbook.()
(2)Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom,thestudentsstoodup.()
(3)Isawtheboywalkingonthestreeyesterday.()
(4)Playingfootballishisfavotiresport.()
(5)Ididn’tstopworkinglastnight.()
(6)MyworkisteachingEnglish.()
(7).Tolearnaforeignlanguageisdifficult.(_____)
(8).Hiswishistobeadriver.(______)
(9).Tomwantedtohaveacupofbeer.(______)
(10).Theteachertoldustodomorningexercises.(_____)
(11).Thelettertobepostedisveryimportant.(______)
(12).Hestudyhardertomakegreaterprogress.(____)
(13)Heisapersonlovedandrespectedbyallpeople.()
(14)Thechildrenareveryexcitedaboutgoingtothezoo.()
(15)YesterdayIhadmyhaircut.()
(16)Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.()
TheladyspeakingtousisourEnglish.
Theboyquestionedbytheteacherisourclassmate.
Thetasktobefinishedisverydifficult.
Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom,thestudentsstoodup.
Scoldedhisparent,thegirlfeltverysad.
Togetagoodresultintheexam,wemuststudyhard.
非谓语动词的三种形式
动词ing:
表示________
动词过去分词:
表示________
动词不定式:
表示________
例句:
Tocompletetheprogramneedsmucheffort.
完成这项计划需要很大的努力。
Ridingabikecanmakeamansmart.
骑单车能使一个人敏捷。
Climbingmountainismyfavoritesport.
Toclimbthemountaintookusmore3hours.
Itisnogooddoing…
Itisuseless/nousedoing…
Itisworthwhiledoing…
例句:
Itis__________overspiltmilk.
为洒了的牛奶哭泣是没用的。
It's______________forsomethingtoturnup.
守株待兔是不好的。
练习吧
1.Itisnouse________(think)aboutitnow.
2.Itisuseless____________(complain)withouttakingaction.
3.Itisworthwhile________(read)thebook.
4.Itisnogood_______(play)gameswithmobilephoneinclass.
Itis+adj./n.+for/ofsb.todo
Ittakes/tooksb.+sometime+todosth.
帮助我你实在是太好了。
Itissokind___you______me.
对他来说要赢得比赛是很难的。
Itisdifficult___him______thegame
完成作业花了我3小时。
It_____me3hours________thehomework.
英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语。
但是,有的动词后面只能接动词不定式作宾语,有的动词后面只能接动名词,有的动词接不同的形式表达不同的意义。
attempt,afford,agree,arrange,appear,choose,claim,desire,determine,fail,hesitate,intend,long,manage,need,wish,offer,prefer,plan,promise,pretend,risk,seem,等。
练习吧
1.Wehaveplanned________(make)aschoolradioprogramme.
2.Betty,weneed______(ask)forhelp
3.Wehaveplanned________(make)aschoolradioprogramme.
4.Thecriminal(罪犯)attempt________(escape)
5.Heagreed______(help)us.
6.Ipretended_________(sleep)whenmothercamein.
7.Hecan’tafford_______(buy)acar.
8.Iwish_______(have)alongholiday.
admit,avoid,bear,complete,can’thelp,consider,delay,enjoy,envy,finish,forgive,feellike,keep.mind,miss,permit,prevent,practice,suggest,stand等。
练习吧
1.Hearingthestory,theycan’thelp_________(laugh).
2.Doyoureallyenjoy________(play)theviolineveryday.
3.Youshouldavoid_______(make)thesamemistakesnexttime.
4.“Haveyoufinished_______(write)yourcomposition?
”
①stoptodo
stopdoing
②forgettodo
forgetdoing
③remembertodo
rememberdoing
④regrettodo
regretdoing
⑤meantodo
meandoing
⑥trytodo
trydoing
⑦goontodo
goondoing
⑧needtodo
needdoing
练习吧
1.I’mreallysorry.Iforgot_______(close)thedoorbeforeIleft.
2.Pleaseremember_______(post)theletterfortheoldman.
3.Stop_________(chat),everyone.OurEnglishteacheriscoming.
4.Youlooktired.You’dbetterstop_______(have)arest.
5.Thebikeneeds__________(repair).
6.Englishisimportanttous.Weshouldtry________(study)ithard.
观察下列句子
Wehavealotofhomeworktodo.
Doyouknowtheboyswimmingintheswimmingpool.
Wearestudyinginaschoolbuiltin1934.
意义
动词不定式:
_____________________________
过去分词:
_____________________________
动名词:
________________________
动词ing
现在分词:
________________________
练习吧
1.Ihavealotof________________.
他有很多作业要做。
2.Thereis_____________________.
没什么好担心的。
3.Books_________________ispopular.
韩寒写的书很受欢迎。
4.Notfarfromthehouseisa______________.
离房子不远处是一个游泳池。
5.Theman________________isboundtobegoodatwriting.
写这篇文章的人一定很擅长写作。
6.Thebuilding__________isateachers’dormitory.
正在建的那幢建筑是一幢教师宿舍。
观察下列句子
AllIwantistohavearest.
Thebookisveryinteresting.
Iaminterestedinthebook.
系动词有:
①状态类:
be,keep,stay,remain
②变化类:
become,grow,get,go,turn
③感官类:
feel,look,appear,seem,sound,taste,smell
我的梦想是成为一名医生。
Mydreamis______________.
他的工作是每天清扫教室。
Hisworkis____________________everyday.
意义
动词不定式&动名词:
___________________
现在分词&过去分词:
________________________
_______________________
练习吧
1.Thenewisquite____________(surprise).
2.Hiswishis_______(be)adriver
3.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain______(seat)untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:
Wemustgettheworkfinished.
see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento
结构
省略to的动词不定式(dosth.)
主语+感官动词+名词+动词现在分词(动词ing)
动词过去分词(V-ed)
感官动词接不同宾语区别
①Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.
②Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.
③Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.
Isawhim_______(play)basketballontheplaygroundjustnow.
Hewasseen______(play)basketballjustnow.
Theteachersawhim___(slip)awayfromtheclassroom.
常用结构
1.make/have/letsb.do
2.getsb.todo
3.make/have/getsth.done
4.have/getsb.doing
Hewantstomake/have/gethimself_____(hear).
Themothergetherdaughter_______(help)herinhouseworkallday.
Theteacherhadhim________(stand)allthetime.
①表示完成一件事情,不一定自己亲自动手做,也许请别人做
Wehadtheenginerepaired.我们已经把发动机修理了。
Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.我昨天剪了头发。
②表示“遭遇到某种不幸;受到打击”,并非有意去做,自己是受害者。
Hehadhislegbrokenwhenhewasclimbingthetree.
当他爬树的时候把腿伤了。
Theyhadallthemoneystolen.
他们所有的钱都被偷了。
①她想让别人明白她的意思。
Shewantedto____________________.
②你应该让大家知道你的观点。
Youshould_____yourviews______.
③她把自己的一颗牙拔掉了。
She________hertooth_________.
④司机无法将车子启动。
_________couldn’t_______________.
⑤他闭着眼睛。
__________________.
⑥他起床太慢,以致于留下午饭没吃完。
_______soslowlythathe___________________.
sb/sthdoing(让某人/某物一直处于某种状态)
keepleave
sth.done(使某事物被…)
keep和leave在该句型中具有使役意味,但同时也保留了自身的意义,keep有“保持”的意思,leave有“留下”的意思。
Themanagerpromisedtokeepme________(inform)ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.
Themotherdidn’tpayanyattentiontoherson’srequest.Shewentoutandlefttheboy______(cry)intheroom.
4).“希望,愿望,命令”这一类动词(want,wish,like,expect,order等)
Theteacherdidn’twanttheproblem(tobe)discussedatthemoment.
老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。
①我们想让这项工作在6点整完成。
___________________at6o’clock.
②他命令计划在周五前执行。
_______________________beforeFriday.
③他不希望将此事提及。
Hedidn’t____it_________.
④我想把我的鸡蛋煮了。
Iwould______________.
⑤父母们期望孩子们得到好的照顾。
______________________good_______.
5)“with+宾语+非谓语动词”结构
①Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____(tie)behindhisback.
②Withalotofwork_________(finish),hewon’tgotravelingwithus.
③Withthehomework________(finish),hewasallowedtowatchTV.
④Withaman________(stare)her,thegirlfeltupset.
1.动词不定式通常作状语表示原因.结果.目的.条件等。
1)目的状语
TolearnEnglishwell,hewenttoEngland.
Inordertoachievetheaim,wemustlearnfromothercountries.
常可与inorderto(为了)或soasto(以便)连用。
2)结果状语
动词不定式和ving形式作结果状语区别:
1动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果,常与only连用构成onlytodosth
2动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果。
Herantothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.
Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofdebts.
3)原因状语
Weareexcitedtohearthenews.
4)条件状语
Toturntotheleft,youcouldfindapostoffice.
可表示原因.结果.条件.让步.方式伴随等,可转化为相应的状语从句
1.表时间
Walkingoutoftheroom,hesawtheboystillthere.
=whenhewalkedoutoftheroom,he...
Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexam.
=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations,we...
2.表原因
Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.
=Becausehewasill,he...
Notmasteringthewayofstudying,ididn’tgetagoodresult.
=Asididn’tmasterthewayofstudying,i...
3.表结果(并列谓语)
Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.
=hisfatherdiedandlefthim...
Thefirelastednearlyamonth,leavingnothingvaluable.
=Thefirelastednearlyamonthandleftnothingvaluable.
4.表条件
Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.
=ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,you...
Ifyoudon’tmakeuseoftime,youwillregret.
=Notmakinguseofthetime,youwill...
5.表让步
Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.
=Athoughtheyknewallthis,they...
Studyingfrommorningtillnight,ididn’tpasstheexam.
=Athoughistudiedfrommorningtillnight,i...
6.方式.伴随或补充说明(并列结构)
Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.
=Helayonthegrassandstaredatthe...
Thegrilcameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing.
=Thegrilcameintotheclassroomandtheysanganddanced.
1为了使动词ing形式作状语表达的意思更明确,可在动词ing前加上适当的连词:
when、while、if、though、unless、even等.
Don’ttalkwhilehavingdinner.
Oncelosingthechance,youcan’teasilyfindit.
2.动词ing形式做状语,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。
Whilereadingthebook,thetelephonerang.
Whilereadingthebook,sheheardthetelephonering.
Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.
Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wefoundabeautifulgarden.
3.独立成分作状语
常见的分词短语有:
Franklyspeaking;honestlyspeaking;
Judgingfrom;considering;totellthetruth
Honestlyspeaking,heisnotfitforthejob.
Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromthesout