高中非谓语动词复习.docx

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高中非谓语动词复习.docx

高中非谓语动词复习

 

判断下划线部分在句中的成分。

(1)Thisisaninterestingbook.()

(2)Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom,thestudentsstoodup.()

(3)Isawtheboywalkingonthestreeyesterday.()

(4)Playingfootballishisfavotiresport.()

(5)Ididn’tstopworkinglastnight.()

(6)MyworkisteachingEnglish.()

(7).Tolearnaforeignlanguageisdifficult.(_____)

(8).Hiswishistobeadriver.(______)

(9).Tomwantedtohaveacupofbeer.(______)

(10).Theteachertoldustodomorningexercises.(_____)

(11).Thelettertobepostedisveryimportant.(______)

(12).Hestudyhardertomakegreaterprogress.(____)

(13)Heisapersonlovedandrespectedbyallpeople.()

(14)Thechildrenareveryexcitedaboutgoingtothezoo.()

(15)YesterdayIhadmyhaircut.()

(16)Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.()

TheladyspeakingtousisourEnglish.

Theboyquestionedbytheteacherisourclassmate.

Thetasktobefinishedisverydifficult.

Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom,thestudentsstoodup.

Scoldedhisparent,thegirlfeltverysad.

Togetagoodresultintheexam,wemuststudyhard.

非谓语动词的三种形式

动词ing:

表示________

动词过去分词:

表示________

动词不定式:

表示________

 

例句:

Tocompletetheprogramneedsmucheffort.

完成这项计划需要很大的努力。

Ridingabikecanmakeamansmart.

骑单车能使一个人敏捷。

 

 

Climbingmountainismyfavoritesport.

Toclimbthemountaintookusmore3hours.

 

 

Itisnogooddoing…

Itisuseless/nousedoing…

Itisworthwhiledoing…

例句:

Itis__________overspiltmilk.

为洒了的牛奶哭泣是没用的。

It's______________forsomethingtoturnup.

守株待兔是不好的。

练习吧

1.Itisnouse________(think)aboutitnow.

2.Itisuseless____________(complain)withouttakingaction.

3.Itisworthwhile________(read)thebook.

4.Itisnogood_______(play)gameswithmobilephoneinclass.

 

Itis+adj./n.+for/ofsb.todo

Ittakes/tooksb.+sometime+todosth.

帮助我你实在是太好了。

Itissokind___you______me.

对他来说要赢得比赛是很难的。

Itisdifficult___him______thegame

完成作业花了我3小时。

It_____me3hours________thehomework.

 

 

英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语。

但是,有的动词后面只能接动词不定式作宾语,有的动词后面只能接动名词,有的动词接不同的形式表达不同的意义。

 

attempt,afford,agree,arrange,appear,choose,claim,desire,determine,fail,hesitate,intend,long,manage,need,wish,offer,prefer,plan,promise,pretend,risk,seem,等。

练习吧

1.Wehaveplanned________(make)aschoolradioprogramme.

2.Betty,weneed______(ask)forhelp

3.Wehaveplanned________(make)aschoolradioprogramme.

4.Thecriminal(罪犯)attempt________(escape)

5.Heagreed______(help)us.

6.Ipretended_________(sleep)whenmothercamein.

7.Hecan’tafford_______(buy)acar.

8.Iwish_______(have)alongholiday.

 

admit,avoid,bear,complete,can’thelp,consider,delay,enjoy,envy,finish,forgive,feellike,keep.mind,miss,permit,prevent,practice,suggest,stand等。

练习吧

1.Hearingthestory,theycan’thelp_________(laugh).

2.Doyoureallyenjoy________(play)theviolineveryday.

3.Youshouldavoid_______(make)thesamemistakesnexttime.

4.“Haveyoufinished_______(write)yourcomposition?

 

①stoptodo

stopdoing

②forgettodo

forgetdoing

③remembertodo

rememberdoing

④regrettodo

regretdoing

⑤meantodo

meandoing

⑥trytodo

trydoing

⑦goontodo

goondoing

⑧needtodo

needdoing

练习吧

1.I’mreallysorry.Iforgot_______(close)thedoorbeforeIleft.

2.Pleaseremember_______(post)theletterfortheoldman.

3.Stop_________(chat),everyone.OurEnglishteacheriscoming.

4.Youlooktired.You’dbetterstop_______(have)arest.

5.Thebikeneeds__________(repair).

6.Englishisimportanttous.Weshouldtry________(study)ithard.

 

 

观察下列句子

Wehavealotofhomeworktodo.

Doyouknowtheboyswimmingintheswimmingpool.

Wearestudyinginaschoolbuiltin1934.

 

意义

动词不定式:

_____________________________

过去分词:

_____________________________

动名词:

________________________

动词ing

现在分词:

________________________

 

练习吧

1.Ihavealotof________________.

他有很多作业要做。

2.Thereis_____________________.

没什么好担心的。

3.Books_________________ispopular.

韩寒写的书很受欢迎。

4.Notfarfromthehouseisa______________.

离房子不远处是一个游泳池。

5.Theman________________isboundtobegoodatwriting.

写这篇文章的人一定很擅长写作。

6.Thebuilding__________isateachers’dormitory.

正在建的那幢建筑是一幢教师宿舍。

观察下列句子

AllIwantistohavearest.

Thebookisveryinteresting.

Iaminterestedinthebook.

 

系动词有:

①状态类:

be,keep,stay,remain

②变化类:

become,grow,get,go,turn

③感官类:

feel,look,appear,seem,sound,taste,smell

我的梦想是成为一名医生。

Mydreamis______________.

他的工作是每天清扫教室。

Hisworkis____________________everyday.

意义

动词不定式&动名词:

___________________

现在分词&过去分词:

________________________

_______________________

练习吧

1.Thenewisquite____________(surprise).

2.Hiswishis_______(be)adriver

3.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain______(seat)untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.

 

带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:

Wemustgettheworkfinished.

 

 

see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento

结构

省略to的动词不定式(dosth.)

主语+感官动词+名词+动词现在分词(动词ing)

动词过去分词(V-ed)

感官动词接不同宾语区别

①Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.

②Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.

③Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.

Isawhim_______(play)basketballontheplaygroundjustnow.

Hewasseen______(play)basketballjustnow.

Theteachersawhim___(slip)awayfromtheclassroom.

 

常用结构

1.make/have/letsb.do

2.getsb.todo

3.make/have/getsth.done

4.have/getsb.doing

Hewantstomake/have/gethimself_____(hear).

Themothergetherdaughter_______(help)herinhouseworkallday.

Theteacherhadhim________(stand)allthetime.

 

①表示完成一件事情,不一定自己亲自动手做,也许请别人做

Wehadtheenginerepaired.我们已经把发动机修理了。

Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.我昨天剪了头发。

②表示“遭遇到某种不幸;受到打击”,并非有意去做,自己是受害者。

Hehadhislegbrokenwhenhewasclimbingthetree.

当他爬树的时候把腿伤了。

Theyhadallthemoneystolen.

他们所有的钱都被偷了。

①她想让别人明白她的意思。

Shewantedto____________________.

②你应该让大家知道你的观点。

Youshould_____yourviews______.

③她把自己的一颗牙拔掉了。

She________hertooth_________.

④司机无法将车子启动。

_________couldn’t_______________.

⑤他闭着眼睛。

__________________.

⑥他起床太慢,以致于留下午饭没吃完。

_______soslowlythathe___________________. 

sb/sthdoing(让某人/某物一直处于某种状态)

keepleave

sth.done(使某事物被…)

keep和leave在该句型中具有使役意味,但同时也保留了自身的意义,keep有“保持”的意思,leave有“留下”的意思。

Themanagerpromisedtokeepme________(inform)ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.

Themotherdidn’tpayanyattentiontoherson’srequest.Shewentoutandlefttheboy______(cry)intheroom.

4).“希望,愿望,命令”这一类动词(want,wish,like,expect,order等)

Theteacherdidn’twanttheproblem(tobe)discussedatthemoment.

老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。

①我们想让这项工作在6点整完成。

___________________at6o’clock.

②他命令计划在周五前执行。

_______________________beforeFriday.

③他不希望将此事提及。

Hedidn’t____it_________.

④我想把我的鸡蛋煮了。

Iwould______________.

⑤父母们期望孩子们得到好的照顾。

______________________good_______.

5)“with+宾语+非谓语动词”结构

①Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____(tie)behindhisback.

②Withalotofwork_________(finish),hewon’tgotravelingwithus.

③Withthehomework________(finish),hewasallowedtowatchTV.

④Withaman________(stare)her,thegirlfeltupset.

 

 

1.动词不定式通常作状语表示原因.结果.目的.条件等。

1)目的状语

TolearnEnglishwell,hewenttoEngland.

Inordertoachievetheaim,wemustlearnfromothercountries.

常可与inorderto(为了)或soasto(以便)连用。

2)结果状语

动词不定式和ving形式作结果状语区别:

1动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果,常与only连用构成onlytodosth

2动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果。

Herantothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.

Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofdebts.

3)原因状语

Weareexcitedtohearthenews.

4)条件状语

Toturntotheleft,youcouldfindapostoffice.

 

可表示原因.结果.条件.让步.方式伴随等,可转化为相应的状语从句

1.表时间

Walkingoutoftheroom,hesawtheboystillthere.

=whenhewalkedoutoftheroom,he...

Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexam.

=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations,we...

2.表原因

Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.

=Becausehewasill,he...

Notmasteringthewayofstudying,ididn’tgetagoodresult.

=Asididn’tmasterthewayofstudying,i...

3.表结果(并列谓语)

Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.

=hisfatherdiedandlefthim...

Thefirelastednearlyamonth,leavingnothingvaluable.

=Thefirelastednearlyamonthandleftnothingvaluable.

4.表条件

Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.

=ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,you...

Ifyoudon’tmakeuseoftime,youwillregret.

=Notmakinguseofthetime,youwill...

5.表让步

Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.

=Athoughtheyknewallthis,they...

Studyingfrommorningtillnight,ididn’tpasstheexam.

=Athoughistudiedfrommorningtillnight,i...

6.方式.伴随或补充说明(并列结构)

Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.

=Helayonthegrassandstaredatthe...

Thegrilcameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing.

=Thegrilcameintotheclassroomandtheysanganddanced.

 

1为了使动词ing形式作状语表达的意思更明确,可在动词ing前加上适当的连词:

when、while、if、though、unless、even等.

Don’ttalkwhilehavingdinner.

Oncelosingthechance,youcan’teasilyfindit.

2.动词ing形式做状语,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。

Whilereadingthebook,thetelephonerang.

Whilereadingthebook,sheheardthetelephonering.

Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.

Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wefoundabeautifulgarden.

3.独立成分作状语

常见的分词短语有:

Franklyspeaking;honestlyspeaking;

Judgingfrom;considering;totellthetruth

Honestlyspeaking,heisnotfitforthejob.

Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromthesout

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