高中英语 Unit2 Healthy Eating教案3 新人教版必修3.docx

高中英语 Unit2 Healthy Eating教案3 新人教版必修3.docx

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高中英语Unit2HealthyEating教案3新人教版必修3

教材章节

UnitTwo

课题

HealthyEating

课型

Grammar

教

学

目

标

知

识

与

能

力

知识内容

Modalauxiliaryverbsgivemoreinformationaboutthefunctionofthemainverbthatfollowsit.Theirfunctionscanallberelatedtoascalerangingfrompossibility（can）tonecessity（must）.

等级水平

（A）识记

（B）理解

（C）应用

（D）分析

（E）综合

（F）评价

能力目标

Usepropermodalverbstoexpresscertainmoodsarisenindifferentlanguagesituations.

过程

与

方法

Understandthroughreadingthematerialsanddiscussions.

Basedonunderstanding,guideduseofthemodalverbsinsimulatedsituations.

Independentpracticeforconsolidation.

情感

态度

与

价值观

Communicationisnotonlytocommunicatefactsbutalsomoodsandfeelings.

Goodcommunicationofmoodsandfeelingsisamostimportantpartofeffectivecommunication.

教

学

设

计

重点难点分析

Functionandpropertiesofmodalverbs.

Practicaluseofmodalverbs.

教学

技术

设备

Multi-media

教

学

环

节

学

习

目

标

1、学习的主要知识

Functionandusageofmodalverbs.

2、需要掌握的方法

Situationcenteredpractice

课

题

概

述

本节知识的主要意义

Goodcommunicationofmoodsandfeelingswithmodalverbsisamostimportantpartofeffectivecommunication.

本节知识在知识体系中的地位和联系

“Modalverb+do”isoneofthewaysoffivewaysofhowthepredicateisformed.

石家庄市第一中学教案

教学环节

分析讲解

学生活动设计

Stepone

Introduction

IntheEnglishlanguage,amodalverbisanauxiliaryverbthatcanbeusedtochangethegrammaticalmoodofasentence.Thekeywaytoidentifyamodalverbisbyitsdefectiveness（theyhaveneitherparticiplesnorinfinitives）.

ThemodalverbsinEnglishareasfollows,pairedaspresentandpreteriteforms:

shallandshould

willandwould

mayandmight

canandcould

must

Thefollowingarenotmodalverbsbutmaybeusedforasimilarpurpose:

oughttoandhadbetter

usedto

dareandneed

do

goingto

haveto

Howthemodalverbsareused（I）

Shallandwill

Shallisusedinmanyofthesamesensesaswill,thoughnotalldialectsuseshallproductively,andthosethatusebothshallandwillgenerallydrawadistinction（thoughdifferentdialectstendtodrawdifferentdistinctions）.Instandard,perhapsold-fashionedEnglish,shallinthefirstperson,singularorplural,indicatesmerefuturity,butinotherpersonsshowsanorder,commandorprophecy:

"Cinderella,youshallgototheball!

"Itis,therefore,impossibletomakeshallquestionsinthesepersons.Shallwe?

makessense,shallyou?

doesnot.

Shallderivesfromamainverbmeaningtoowe,andindialectsthatusebothshallandwill,itisoftenusedininstanceswhereanobligation,ratherthananintention,isexpressed.

Shallisalsousedinlegalandengineeringlanguagetowritefirmlawsandspecificationsasintheseexamples:

"Thoseconvictedofviolatingthislawshallbeimprisonedforatermofnotlessthanthreeyearsnormorethansevenyears,"and"Theelectronicsassemblyshallbeabletooperatewithinitsspecificationsoveratemperaturerangeof0degreesCelsiusto70degreesCelsius."

Should

Shouldiscommonlyused,evenindialectswhereshallisnot.Thenegationis"shouldnot"（orthecontraction"shouldn't"）.

Shouldcandescribeanidealbehaviouroroccurrenceandimpartsanormativemeaningtothesentence;forexample,"Youshouldneverlie"meansroughly,"Ifyoualwaysbehavedperfectly,youwouldneverlie";and"Ifthisworks,youshouldnotfeelathing"meansroughly,"Ihopethiswillwork.Ifitdoes,youwillnotfeelathing."Indialectsthatuseshallcommonly,however,thisrestrictiondoesnotapply;forexample,aspeakerofsuchadialectmightsay,"IfIfailedthattest,IthinkIshouldcry,"meaningthesamethingas,"IfIfailedthattest,IthinkIwouldcry."

Insomedialects,itiscommontoformthesubjunctivemoodbyusingshould:

"Itisimportantthatthelawshouldbepassed"（whereotherdialectswouldsay,"Itisimportantthatthelawbepassed"）or"Ifitshouldhappen,wearepreparedforit"（or"Shouldithappen,wearepreparedforit";whereearlyModernEnglishwouldsay,"Ifithappen,wearepreparedforit,"andmanydialectsoftodaywouldsay,"Ifithappens,wearepreparedforit"）.

Mayandmight

Mayandmightdonothavecommonnegativecontractions（equivalentstoshan't,won't,can't,couldn'tetc）,althoughmightn'tcanoccurinaskingquestions.（"Mightn'tIcomeinifItookmymuddybootsoff?

"asareplyto"Don'tcomeinhere!

You'llgetthefloordirty!

"）

Bothformscanbeusedtoexpressapresenttimepossibilityoruncertainty（"Thatmaybe."）.Mightandcouldcanalsobeusedinthissensewithnopasttimemeaning.Mightandmaywouldcarrythesamemeaningin"Johnisnotintheofficetoday,andhecouldbesick."

Mayisalsousedtoexpressirrelevanceinspiteofcertainorlikelytruth:

"HemaybetallerthanIam,butheiscertainlynotstronger"maymeanroughly,"WhileitistruethatheistallerthanIam,thatdoesnotmakeadifference,asheiscertainlynotstronger."（However,itmayalsomean,"IamnotsurewhetherheistallerthanIam,butIamsurethatheisnotstronger."）Thisisthemeaninginthephrase"Bethatasitmay."Mightcanbeusedinthissenseaswell.

Mightcanbeusedinthefirstpersontoexpressthatfutureactionsarebeingconsidered."Imightgotothemalllater"meansthatthespeakeristhinkingaboutgoingtothemall.

Mayormightcanbeusedinaquestiontoaskforpermission.Onewhoissaying"MayIuseyourphone?

”isaskingforpermissiontousethephoneofthepersonbeingspokento.'Can'or'could'canbeusedinstead,althoughformalAmericanEnglishprefers'may'.Inbothcasesthepreteritformisviewedasmorehesitantorpolite.

Canandcould

Thenegationofcanisthesingleword"cannot",occasionallywrittenastwowords"cannot"[3]orthecontraction"can't".Thenegationofcouldis"couldnot",or"couldn't".

Canisusedtoexpressability."IcanspeakEnglish"means"IamabletospeakEnglish",or"IknowhowtospeakEnglish".

Itisalsousedtoexpressthatsomestateofaffairsispossible,withoutreferringtotheabilityofapersontodosomething:

"Therecanbeaverystrongrivalrybetweensiblings"canhavethesamemeaningas"Thereissometimesaverystrongrivalrybetweensiblings".

Cannotandcan'tcanbeusedtoexpressbeliefsaboutsituations:

"Hecannothaveleftalready;whywouldhewanttogettheresoearly?

"expresseswithlesscertaintythesamepropositionas"Hehasnotleftalready"does.

Bothcanandcouldcanbeusedtomakerequests:

"Canyoupassmethecheese?

”means"Pleasepassmethecheese".Couldcanbeusedinthesameway,andmightbeconsideredmorepolite.

Must

Musthasnocorrespondingpreteritform.Thenegationis"mustnot"or"mustn't".Anarchaicvariantisthewordmote,asusedintheexpression"somoteitbe".

Mustandhavetoareusedtoexpressthatsomethingisobligatory（"Hemustleave"）.Itcanbeusedtoexpressaprohibitionsuchas"Youmustnotsmokeinhere",oraresolutionsuchas"Imustn'tmakethatmistakeagain".

Thereisadistinctionbetweenmustandhavetointhenegativeforms.Inthesentence"Youmustnotgo",itisbeingexpressedthatitisobligatoryforthepersonbeingspokentonottogo;whereasinthesentence"Youdonothavetogo"itisbeingexpressedthatitisnotobligatoryforthepersontogo.

Havetocanbeusedforanongoingobligation,suchas"hehastobecareful".

Mustandhavetoareusedtoexpressbeliefs（theepistemicratherthandeonticuse）,suchas"Itmustbeheresomewhere"or"Ithastobeheresomewhere",withthesamemeaningas"Ibelievethatitverylikelythatitisheresomewhere

Steptwo:

Guidedexploration

can&could

Readthefollowingsentencesandtellthemeaningofthewordsinbold:

Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’tlastyear.（ability）

Canshebeinthecomputercenter?

（possibility）

Can/CouldIuseyourdictionary?

（request）

Youcangohomenow.（permission）

Exercises

1.Michael____beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.

A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may

2.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How____itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?

A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must

3.----IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.

----Oh,didyou?

You____withBarbara.

A.couldhavestayedB.couldstay

C.wouldstayD.musthavestayed

4.MysistermethimattheGrandTheateryesterdayafternoon,sohe____yourlecture.

A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattended

C.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattended

Keys:

BAAA

might&may

Readthefollowingsentencesandtellthemeaningofthewordsinbold:

---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?

---Yes,youmay.（permission）

TodayisSunday.Shemaynotbeinherofficenow.（possibility）

Youmayaswellgoandhavealook.（suggestion）

Mayyousuccess.（wish）

Exercises

1.SorryI'mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.

A.mightB.should

　C.canD.will

2.Peter_____comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.　　

A.mustB.may

C.canD.will

3.Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy；theyjustbequietpeople.

A.mustB.may

C.shouldD.would

4.Liza___wellnotwanttogoonthetrip---shehatestraveling.（2008全国II）

A.will    B.can    C.must   D.may

Keys:

ABBD

will&would

Readthefollowingsentencesandtellthemeaningofthewordsinbold:

Willyoulendmeyourbook?

（request）

Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?

（suggestion）

I’llneverdothatagain.（determination）

Hewilloftenreadallnight.（habit）

Everyevening,shewouldsitbywindow,deepinthought.（habit）

Thisdoorwon’topen.（failureofeffort）