广东佛山第一中学学年度第一学期第一次段考高二英语试题及答案.docx
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广东佛山第一中学学年度第一学期第一次段考高二英语试题及答案
2018学年度上学期第一次段考高二级英语科试题
本试卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1、答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名，试室号和考号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔在答题卡上将相应的考号信息点涂黑。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案答在试题卷上无效。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷上各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液．不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考试结束后，将答题卡和答卷交回。
第一部分听力（共10分）
第一节听力理解（共6小题，每小题1分，满分6分）
材料及问题播放两遍。
每段后有两个小题，各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。
请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听第一段材料，回答第1-2题。
材料读两遍。
1.Question1:
（录音）
A.Onhisnose.B.Abovethemirror.C.Inthebathroom.
2.Question2:
（录音）
A.Hisphone.B.Hiswallet.C.Hisfishingline.
听第二段材料，回答第3-4题。
材料读两遍。
3.Question3:
（录音）
A.ItislocatedintheNorthernPacificOcean.
B.Itwasformedfromvolcanicactivity.
C.ItisthehighestislandinFrenchPolynesia.
4.Question4:
（录音）
A.EnglishB.Tahitian.C.French.
听第三段材料，回答第5-6题。
材料读两遍。
5.Question5:
（录音）
A.OnJune15B.OnJuly18.C.OnJuly19.
6.Question6:
（录音）
A.Changingahomephoneplan.
B.Payingforhisphonebill.
C.Gettingmoremoneyback.
第二节回答问题（共4小题，每小题1分，满分4分）
听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。
材料及问题读两遍。
7.QuestionSeven（录音）:
_________________________________
8.QuestionEight（录音）:
_________________________________
9.QuestionNine（录音）:
_________________________________
10.QuestionTen（录音）:
_________________________________
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分34分）
第一节阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultythanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions—andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy.
RachaelJack,UniversityofGlasgowresearcher,saidthatratherthanscanningevenly（均匀的）acrossafaceasWesternersdo,Easternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes.
“WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions,”Jacksaid.“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect（忽略）themouth.”
AccordingtoJackandhercolleagues,thediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresult,facialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincross-culturalsituations.
Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories:
happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies.
ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthanWesternersdid.“Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions,”Jacksaid.“OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotion,Easternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless.”
Inshort,thedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereon,examininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunderstandingofhumanemotion.Otherwise,whenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrosscultures,EasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation.
11.ThediscoveryshowsthatWesterners.
A.payequalattentiontotheeyesandthemouth
B.considerfacialexpressionsuniversallyreliable
C.observetheeyesandthemouthindifferentways
D.havemoredifficultyinrecognizingfacialexpressions
12.Whatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudy?
A.Tomakeafaceateachother.B.Togettheirfacesimpressive.
C.Toclassifysomefacepictures.D.Toobservetheresearchers’faces.
13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph6referto?
A.Theparticipantsinthestudy.
B.Theresearchersofthestudy.
C.Theerrorsmadeduringthestudy.
D.Thedatacollectedfromthestudy.
14.IncomparisonwithWesterners,Easternersarelikelyto.
A.dotranslationmoresuccessfully
B.studythemouthmorefrequently
C.examinetheeyesmoreattentively
D.readfacialexpressionsmorecorrectly
B
Hemaynothavean"S"acrosshischestbutthisdogismostcertainlyahero.
Harley,whowasrescuedfromapuppymillfouryearsago,wasnamedtheAmericanHumaneAssociation's2015AmericanHeroDog.Harley,whoismissinganeyeandhasothermedicalissuesfromhistimeatthemill,isnowa"spokes-dog"againstpuppymills.Heservesastheadorablefurryfaceofthe"HarleytotheRescue"campaign,whichraisesfundsfortheNationalDogMillRescue,accordingtoapressrelease.
Thepupwasrescuedbackin2011andadoptedbyRudiandherhusband,Dan."Itwasjustfouryearsagothathewaspulledfromthecageinthepuppymillandlefttodie,"Harley'sowner,Rudi,saidduringtheawardsshowattheBeverlyHiltonHotelinLosAngelesthispastweekend,accordingtoToday.com."Weneverwouldhaveeverthoughthewouldlivethislongandmakesuchadifferenceforsomanypuppies."
ThedogwasoneofeightfinalistsupfortheAmericanHeroDogandwaschosenasthewinnerthroughpublicvotes.Thefinalistsallwon$1,500tobedonatedtooneofAmericanHumaneAssociation’scharitypartners,withHarleyreceivinganother$5,000togotowardhischaritypartner,NewLeashOnLife.
Accordingtotherelease,Harleyspent10yearsatthepuppymill,andenduredroughtreatmentthere,whichledtohismanymedicalissues.Helosthiseyeasaresultofhiscagebeingpower-washedwithhiminside.
Thedogisn'tjustthefaceofhiscampaign,healsogoesonrescuemissionsandmakespublicappearancesateventsandschoolstoraiseawarenessforpuppymills.
Thisincredibleworkisallduetothedog’sfightingspirit.Thatspiritisallowinghimnowtobethevoicefordogswhocannotspeakforthemselvesandgiveeverybodyhopethattomorrow'sgoingtobeabetterday.
15.Howdidthe"HarleytotheRescue"campaignfunction?
A.Bysavingdogsfromapuppymill.
B.ByoperatingtheAmericanHumaneAssociation.
C.BycollectingmoneyfortheNationalDogMillRescue.
D.Bygivingendangereddogs-enoughmedicaltreatment.
16.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetothepuppymillaccordingtothetext?
A.Unsatisfied.B.Sympathetic.C.Doubtful.D.Tolerant.
17.WhywasHarleyblindinoneeye?
A.Shewasbornwithit.B.Herownertreatedherroughly.
C.Itwascausedbyamedicalissue.D.Shewaswashedheavilyinacage.
18.Whatcanweknowaboutthedogfromthetext?
A.ItwouldbegiventoNewLeashOnLife.
B.ItwaskeptbyRudi'sfamily.
C.Itwouldbetakenawaybyitspuppymill.
D.ItreturnedtotheNationalDogMillRescue.
C
Likepeople,plantsexperiencestress.Andalso,likepeople,theresponsetothatstresscandeterminesuccess.
Badenvironmentalconditions,suchasdrought,flood,heatandotherstresses,affectyields（产量）morethancroppestsanddiseases.Wearetryingtofindawaytoequipplantswiththeabilitytotolerateenvironmentalstressandmaintainhighyields,saidStephenHowell,aprofessorofgeneticsandcellbiology.
Plantcellsproduceproteins（蛋白质）andshipthemtodifferentpartsofthecell.Undernormalconditions,theseproteinsarefoldedintotheirnormal,healthystructuresastheyareproduced.Whenaplantisunderstress,itscellsproducepoorlyfoldedorunfoldedproteins.Thenabuilt-insystemsensesthisand“setsoffanalarminthecell,”saidHowell.
Inresponsetothealarm,anotherprotein（IRE1）startsworkingandcreatesadifferentprocesswhichactivates（激活）thestressresponsegeneswhoseproductsbringaboutdefensivemeasuresthathelptheplantsurvive.
“Asitturnsout,responsesthatareactivatedunderstressconditionsactuallyinhibitthegrowthofplants,”saidHowell.“Thisallowsthemtopreservetheirenergytosurvivethestressconditions.”
Forplantsinthewild,thisresponseisahelpforsurvival,hesaid.Inproductionofagriculturecrops,however,thisresponsereducesyields.
“Youdon’twantcropplantstostopgrowing,”Howellsaid.“Youwantthemtocontinuetogrowandproduceeventhoughtheyareunderstress.”
Withthenewunderstandingofthisstressresponse,thenextstepmaybetosilencethealarmsystem,saidHowell.“Whatmaybeimportantistodisablesomeofthesestressresponses.Thatmaymaketheplantmoreproductiveunderstressconditions.”
19.Accordingtothetext,whatcausesanalarmintheplantcells?
A.Thefoldedproteins.B.Thechangedproteins.
C.Thedefensivemeasures.D.Thestressresponsegenes.
20.Whatdoestheenergypreservedintheplantsunderstressconditionsdo?
A.Ithelpstheplantstosurvive.B.Ithelpstomaintainhighyields.
C.Itkeepstheplantsgrowing.D.Ithelpstoproduceproteins.
21.Whichwordisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedword“inhibit”inParagraph5?
A.Prevent.B.Start.C.Continue.D.Promote.
22.HowdoesHowellintendtomakecropplantsmaintainhighyieldsunderstressconditions?
A.Bymakingcropplantskeepmoreenergy.B.Bymakingcropplantsstopgrowing.
C.Bymakingthealarmsystemstopworking.D.Bymakingthealarmsystemrespondquickly.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Foursimplewaystostaypositive
Tryingtostaypositive,bothingoodtimesandbad,isagreatwaytoimproveyourqualityoflife.Trythesefourmethodsonadailybasis.
1.Don’
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